Cíl studie: Pro monoklonální gamapatie (MG) je typická přítomnost molekul monoklonálního imunoglobulinu (MIG) nebo jejich fragmentů v séru a/nebo v moči. Nejnovějším testem rozšiřujícím spektrum možností vyšetření MIG je systém HevyLiteTM, principiálně založený na užití dvojice specifických protilátek proti junkčním epitopům mezi doménami těžkého a lehkého řetězce imunoglobulinu. Cílem práce bylo zavedení systému HevyLiteTM a provedení pilotní analýzy ve skupině nemocných s MG typu IgA. Název a sídlo pracoviště: III. interní klinika, Fakultní nemocnice Olomouc. Materiál a metody: Vyšetřený soubor tvořilo 24 nemocných s mnohočetným myelomem (MM) a 7 jedinců s monoklonální gamapatií nejistého významu (MGUS). Pro stanovení sérových hladin IgAκ, IgAλ byl použit systém HevyLiteTM (The Binding Site, UK) a analyzátor BN II (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics). Výpočtem byl určen poměr IgAκ/IgAλ. Výsledky: U nemocných s aktivní formou MM byly zjištěny vysoce patologické hladiny dominantního MIG, se supresí hladin alternativního imunoglobulinu IgA a s výrazným ovlivněním poměru IgAκ/IgAλ. Ze 6 nemocných s dosažením kompletní remise byl u 5 zaznamenán normální poměr IgAκ/IgAλ, jeden nemocný vykazoval supresi obou IgA typů se změnou poměru IgAκ/IgAλ. U všech jedinců s MGUS byly zjištěny abnormální hladiny i poměr IgAκ/IgAλ, u jedince s low-risk typem byla hodnota poměru IgAκ/IgAλ pouze nadhraniční. Při srovnání výsledků stanovení M-proteinu metodou HevyLiteTM a elektroforézou, Spearmanova korelační analýza potvrdila velmi těsnou korelaci hladin M-proteinu jak v případě IgAκ (r = 0,946, p < 0,0001), tak IgAλ (r = 0,872, p = 0,0001). Součty hladin dominantního i alternativního IgA imunoglobulinu významně korelovaly s celkovou hladinou imunoglobulinu IgA stanoveného nefelometricky (r = 0,994, p < 0,0001). Závěr: Je patrné, že systém HevyLiteTM nadějně doplňuje soubor vyšetření, používaných standardně při sledování MG, zejména pak v případech s velmi nízkou koncentrací MIG či jen pouhé pozitivity imunofixační elektroforézy. Pro definitivní zhodnocení přínosu vyšetření pro klinickou praxi je nutné získání dalších zkušeností., Objective: Typical features of monoclonal gammopathy (MG) include the presence of monoclonal immunoglobulin (MIG) molecules or their fragments in the serum and/or urine. The latest test which extends the range of MIG examination possibilities is the HevyLiteTM system, using principally a couple of specific antibodies against junctional epitopes between the domains of heavy and light immunoglobulin chains in constant regions. The study aimed at implementing the HevyLiteTM system and performing a pilot analysis in the group of IgA-type MG patients. Settings: Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Olomouc. Material and methods: The studied group consisted of 24 patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and 7 individuals with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). The HevyLiteTM system (The Binding Site, UK) was used to determine the serum levels of IgAκ, IgAλ as well as the BN II analyser (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics). The ratio of IgAκ/IgAλ was determined by calculation. Results: The patients in the active disease stage revealed highly pathological levels of the dominant MIG, with suppressed levels of the alternative IgA immunoglobulin, and significant influence on the IgAκ/IgAλ ratio. 5 out of the 6 patients who had achieved a complete remission showed a normal IgAκ/IgAλ ratio, 1 patient had suppression of both IgA with a modified IgAκ/IgAλ ratio. All individuals with MGUS revealed abnormal levels as well as ratio of IgAκ/IgAλ, one patient with a low-risk disease type had the IgAκ/IgAλ ratio value slightly above the threshold. When comparing the results of M-protein determination by the method of HevyLiteTM and electrophoresis, Spearman‘s correlation analysis confirmed a very close correlation of M-protein levels regarding IgAκ (r = 0.946, p < 0.0001) as well as IgAλ (r = 0.872, p = 0.0001). The summations of the dominant as well as alternative IgA immunoglobulin levels substantially correlated with the general level of IgA immunoglobulin determined nephelometrically (r = 0.994, p < 0.0001). Conclusion: It seems, that the HevyLiteTM system promisingly complements the set of examinations used routinely by MG monitoring, in particular by very low concentrations of MIG, or the mere positivity of the immunofixation electrophoresis. Further experience needs to be gained in order to fully assess the benefits of this examination for clinical practice., Pika T., Heřmanová Z., Lochman P., Zapletalová J., Minařík J., Bačovský J., Ščudla V., and Lit.: 14
We aim to review the kinesiotherapeutic programs that have been used in therapies for patients with an eating disorder, focusing on the programs that are based on body-oriented therapies, body movements and sports. To this end we have collected and analysed the results of all the programs that have been documented and tested on clinical populations, and that were published in or before 2008. For our methodological framework we used the Systematic Review method.
The genus Platesthes Waterhouse, 1845 (Pimeliinae: Praocini), distributed in the Patagonian steppes in southern Argentina and Chile, is revised. A phylogeny of its 13 species is proposed, based on 48 morphological characters. The cladistic analysis provides one most parsimonious cladogram showing that three unambiguous synapomorphic characters of external morphology and male genitalia support the monophyly of Platesthes. This article includes a redescription of the genus, redescriptions of its species, an identification key, habitus photographs of the most representative species, illustrations of external morphology, genital features and metendosternites, a cladogram and distribution maps. A discussion of the biogeography and status of conservation of Platesthes in the Patagonian steppes and in Central Chile is presented. A new Platesthes species is described: P. neuquensis sp. n. and P. hirtipes Kulzer, 1962 stat. n. is elevated to species status. Other valid species of the genus are: P. depressa (Guérin-Ménéville, 1841), P. similis Kulzer, 1956, P. unicosta Kulzer, 1956, P. nigra Kulzer, 1956, P. pilosa Kulzer, 1956, P. vidali Peña, 1986, P. burmeisteri Haag-Rutenberg, 1877, P. granulipennis Kulzer, 1956, P. kuscheli Kulzer, 1958, P. humeralis Kulzer, 1958 and P. silphoides Waterhouse, 1845 (type species), for which a lectotype is designated.
The Central American genus Macrotingis Champion, 1897 was revised and the morphological characters of the species of Macrotingis and those of its sister group Ceratotingis Montemayor, 2008 were subjected to a phylogenetic analysis. A species previously placed in the genus Tigava is now Ceratotingis spatula (Monte, 1945), new combination. Cladistic analysis indicates that both genera are monophyletic and defined the relationships between species. Keys to the species in these genera are provided together with illustrations of their main morphological characters and a map of their distribution in Central America.