The aim of this article is the modernisation of the Aristotelian-Thomist conception of mind by a comparison with the contemporary concept of mind. The mind has typically been conceived, in the philosophy of mind, as an area of private or „inner“ experience. In contrast to this the Aristotelian concept of the soul is the principle of life and the substantial form of the body. Soul is therefore a more complex term than „mind“: it includes all the vital powers (vegetative, sensory and rational). In debate with stronger and weaker theories of psycho-physical identity, the rational knowledge of universals, which are non-spatial objects, and which cannot therefore be detected by a material organ, can be used to support arguments in the tradition of Thomas Aquinas. Rational knowledge is non-bodily, although reason requires the co-functioning of the so-called inner senses (for example, of the imagination). The inner senses, unlike reason, know only particulars and have a bodily organ: the brain. Interactions between reason and the body are a problem for the Cartesian dualist, but in the framework of the conception of the soul as a form of the body they can be explained.
Adults of Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata are very active at room temperature, and their almost continuous struggling in the respirometer prevents the measurements of the patterns of gas exchange, body movements and heartbeat. The tonic immobility of beetles was evoked by light flashes and by shaking as external stimuli. The immediate reaction to these stimuli was the reflexive closing of the spiracles and the cessation of CO2 release for some minutes, which was followed by a large burst of this gas. The state of the evoked tonic immobility did not influence heartbeat and abdominal pulsations, but the periodically -occurring abdominal-thoracic pumping movements stopped for 2-5 minutes. During the periods of pumping ventilation the metabolic rate was increased about two times.The state of tonic immobility evoked by light flashes lasted 2-6 minutes, but when shaking was applied as a stimulus complete immobility was about two times longer.
Vědci ze čtyř experimentů na urychlovačích LHC (Large Hadron Collider) a Tevatron ohlásili letos na jaře společné měření hmotnosti top kvarku. Cílem bylo určit hmotnost této částice s co největší přesností. Proč vlastně fyzikové věnují top kvarku takovou pozornost? Kvůli své velké hmotnosti totiž ovlivňuje vlastnosti Higgsova pole, a tak představuje okénko, jímž lze nahlédnout „za roh“ a zjistit nové informace o základních zákonech světa na energetických škálách, jež nejsou přímo dostupné na současných urychlovačích. and Alexander Kupčo.