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542. A revision of the genus Microtrichalus from the Philippines (Coleoptera: Lycidae)
- Creator:
- Bocák, Ladislav
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Coleoptera, Lycidae, Microtrichalus, Leptotrichalus, revision, new synonymy, new species, new combinations, key, and Philippines
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The species of the genus Microtrichalus Pic, 1921 represented in the Philippines are revised. Six species are placed in the genus; in addition to M. basipennis (Pic, 1926), two species are described as new (M. retractus sp. n. and M. salvani sp. n., both from Mindanao), and three species are transferred from the genus Trichalus Waterhouse, 1877: M. bakeri (Kleine, 1929) comb. n., M. costilis (Kleine, 1926) comb. n. and M. communis (Waterhouse, 1879) comb. n. A key to the six Philippine Microtrichalus species and illustrations of their important diagnostic characters are provided. Trichalus nigricauda Bourgeois, 1886 and T. longicollis Bourgeois, 1883 are transferred to the genus Leptotrichalus Kleine, 1925. Leptotrichalus mindorosus Pic, 1925 is proposed to be a junior subjective synonym of Leptotrichalus longicollis (Bourgeois, 1883).
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
543. A role for receptor-operated Ca2+ entry in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells in response to hypoxia
- Creator:
- Tang, C., To, W. K., Meng, F., Wang, Y., and Gu, Y.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, hypoxie, hypoxia, Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV), hPASMC, Transient receptor potential channel (TRPC), AMP-activated kinase (AMPK), 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstric tion (HPV) is an important homeostatic mechanism in which increases of [Ca2+] i are primary events. In this study, primary cultured, human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (hPASMC) were used to examine the role of TRPC channels in mediating [Ca2+] i elevations during hypoxia. Hypoxia (PO2 about 20 mm Hg) evoked a transient [Ca2+] i elevation that was reduced by removal of extracellular calcium. Nifedipine and verapamil, blockers of vo ltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs), attenuated th e hypoxia-induced [Ca2+] i elevation by about 30 %, suggesting the presence of alternate Ca2+ entry pathways. Expression of TRPC1 an d TRPC6 in hPASMC were found by RT-PCR and confirmed by Western blot analysis. Antagonists for TRPC, 2APB and SKF96365, significantly reduced hypoxia-induced [Ca2+] i elevation by almost 60 %. Both TRPC6 and TRPC1 were knocked down by siRNA, the loss of TRPC6 decreased hypoxic response down to 21 % of control, whereas the knockdown of TRPC1 reduced the hypoxia respon se to 85 %, suggesting that TRPC6 might play a central role in mediating hypoxia response in hPASMC. However, blockade of PLC pathway caused only small inhibition of the hypoxia response. In contrast, AICAR, the agonist of AMP-activated kinase (AMPK), induced a gradual [Ca2+] i elevation, whereas compound C, an antagonist of AMPK, almost abolished the hypoxia response. Ho wever, co-immunoprecipitation revealed that AMPK α was not colocalized with TRPC6. Our data supports a role for TRPC6 in mediation of the [Ca2+] i elevation in response to hypoxia in hPASMC and suggests that this response may be linked to cellular energy status via an activation of AMPK., C. Tang, W. K To, F. Meng, Y. Wang, Y. Gu., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
544. A scheme for the classification of micaceous minerals
- Creator:
- Karel Melka
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Geologie. Meteorologie. Klimatologie, jílové minerály, clay minerals, macrocrystalline micas, IS ordered structures, ISII ordered structures, fundamental particles, 7, and 551
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The classification scheme for micaceous minerals is described. According to the size of mineral particles micas are divided into macrocrystalline compounds and microcrystalline clay micas. Macroc rystalline micas are differentiated into (a) Mg-Fe-Al micas, (b) Li-micas, (c) micas with other cations. Vertical boundary in the suggested scheme divides micas into trioctahedral and dioctahedral members. Additional subdivision is carried out on the basis of the extent of Si substitution in tetrahedral positions of their crystal lattice. Microcrystalline (<4μm) micas are subordinate to the crystallochemical scheme for macrocrystalline micas. List of mica species together with their varieties and synonyms is in Table 2., Karel Melka., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
545. A serine protease from the midgut of the bumblebee, Bombus ignitus (Hymenoptera: Apidae): cDNA cloning, gene structure, expression and enzyme activity
- Creator:
- Choo, Young Moo, Lee, Kwang Sik, Yoon, Hyung Joo, Lee, Sang Beom, Kim, Ji Hyeon, Sohn, Hung Dae, and Jin, Byung Rae
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Apidae, baculovirus expression vector, Bombus ignitus, bumblebee, cDNA cloning, enzyme, expression, gene structure, and serine protease
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- A serine protease gene was cloned from the bumblebee, Bombus ignitus. The B. ignitus serine protease (BiSP) gene spans 1702 bp and consists of four introns and five exons coding for 250 amino acid residues. Southern blot analysis of genomic DNA suggested that BiSP gene is a single copy gene. The cDNA encoding BiSP was expressed as a 28-kDa polypeptide in baculovirus-infected insect cells and the recombinant BiSP showed activity in a protease enzyme assay. BiSP was specifically expressed in the midgut of B. ignitus queens, males, and workers, suggesting that the BiSP is a gut enzyme involved in the digestion of dietary proteins.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
546. A south east Asian pest species newly recorded from Europe: Thrips parvispinus (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), its confused identity and potential quarantine significance
- Creator:
- Mound, Laurence A. and Collins, Dominique W.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Thysanoptera, Thripidae, Trips aprvispinus, south east Asia, Greece, Europe, taxonomy, synonomy, Thrips taiwanus, pest status, quarantine significance, and Thrips compressicornis
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The south east Asian pest thrips, Thrips parvispinus is recorded breeding in Europe for the first time, damaging Gardenia plants in Greece. Morphological variation in this species from various Asian countries is recorded and compared to the type specimens. As a result Isoneurothrips jenseni Karny, 1925 and Thrips (Isoneurothrips) taiwanus Takahashi, 1936 are placed as synonyms of Thrips parvispinus (Karny, 1922). In contrast, Thrips compressicornis (Sakimura), a species from the Marquesa Islands of the Pacific that has previously been associated with these taxa, represents a very different species. The quarantine significance of T. parvispinus is emphasised.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
547. A study comparing the efficacy of monopolar radiofrequency and glycolic acid peels in facial rejuvenation of aging skin using histopathology and ultrabiomicroscopic sonography (UBM) - an evidence based study
- Creator:
- Wakade, Deepal V., Nayak, Chitra S., and Bhatt, Kalpana D.
- Format:
- print, text, and regular print
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, srovnávací studie, časopisecké články, and TEXT
- Subject:
- dospělí, chemická exfoliace--metody, elektroterapie stimulační--přístrojové vybavení, obličej--patologie, ženské pohlaví, glykoláty--aplikace a dávkování, lidé, keratolytika--aplikace a dávkování, mužské pohlaví, lidé středního věku, spokojenost pacientů, rádiové vlny, omlazení, stárnutí kůže--účinky léků--patologie--účinky záření, and výsledek terapie
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- BACKGROUND: Radio frequency (RF) and chemical peels have been used for nonablative skin rejuvenation. Both of these cause collagen remodeling in the dermis and neo-collagen formation resulting in facial rejuvenation. There is limited literature on the evaluation of collagen remodeling by objective methods. OBJECTIVE: To compare the benefits of monopolar radiofrequency and glycolic acid peels in facial rejuvenation with regards to histopathology and Ultrabiomicroscopic sonography (UBM). METHODOLOGY: In this study, forty patients with mild to moderate photoaging received four treatments with 3 weeks interval of monopolar radiofrequency on one side of face and glycolic acid peels in increasing concentrations (NeostrataR) on the other side. Pre and post treatment, 2 mm biopsies were taken from both preauricular areas and Ultrasonography using a 35 MHz probe was done from outer canthus of eye and nasolabial folds from both sides of face. A blinded assessment was done to measure the increase in the grenz zone and dermal thickness. RESULTS: In 35/40 patients there was a significant increase in the grenz zone on histopathology and decrease in subepidermal low-echogenic band (SLEB) on UBM of the nasolabial folds on both sides of the face (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Radiofrequency and chemical peels showed equal efficacy in the treatment of facial rejuvenation. and D. V. Wakade, C. S. Nayak, K. D. Bhatt
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
548. A Study of Mechanisms Involved in Vasodilatation Induced by Resveratrol in Isolated Porcine Coronary Artery
- Creator:
- Li, H. -F., Tian, Z.-F., Qiu, X. -Q., Wu, J. -X, Zhang, P., and Jia, Z.-J.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Resveratrol, Coronary artery, Calcium channel, Vascular endothelium, and Nitric oxide
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The present study was designed to investigate the acute relaxing effect of phytoestrogen resveratrol on isolated porcine coronary arteries and to determine the mechanisms underlying its vasodilatation. Rings of porcine coronary arteries were suspended in organ baths containing Krebs-Henseleit solution, and then isometric tension was measured. Resveratrol concentration-dependently relaxed arterial rings precontracted with 30 mM KCl. The IC50 value of resveratrol was 38.67±3.21 μM. Incubation with Nω-L-nitro-arginine (L-NNA), endothelium removal or the presence of a potent inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase sodium orthovanadate partly decreased the relaxation induced by resveratrol. However, the relaxation induced by resveratrol was unaffected by the estrogen receptor antagonist tamoxifen, the inhibitor of prostanoid synthesis indomethacin, the antagonist of β-adrenoceptors propranolol or the protein synthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide. In addition, resveratrol significantly decreased the contractile responses of 5-HT, KCl and CaCl2, and shifted their cumulative concentration-response curves to the right. These results suggest that the mechanisms of vasorelaxation induced by resveratrol are heterogeneous, two mechanisms participating partially in the relaxation of porcine coronary artery were detected in the study, one being the nitric oxide released from the endothelium, the other causing inhibition of Ca2+ influx, but estrogen receptors were not involved in resveratrol-induced relaxation.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
549. A study of meiosis and spermiogenesis in the testicular lobes of Antiteuchus tripterus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)
- Creator:
- Souza, Hederson Vinícius de, Campos Bicudo, Hermione Elly Melara De, Costa, Luiz Antônio Alves, and Itoyama, Mary Massumi
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, meiosis, spermatozoa, testicular lobes, and harlequin lobe
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- An analysis of testicular morphology and spermatogenesis in the Heteroptera species Antiteuchus tripterus (Pentatomidae) revealed that these traits differ from that recorded for other species of the same family. The testes of A. tripterus have only six lobes, while other species of the same family typically have seven lobes, including a compound lobe, i.e., a lobe containing another in its lumen. A study of meiosis and sperm structure in the different lobes of A. tripterus revealed a conventional meiosis in the lobes numbered one to three. In lobe four, however, prophase I spermatocytes exhibit the morphological characteristics of the so called "diffuse" stage and are larger than those in lobes 1-3 in this and the remaining phases of meiosis. Thus, the resulting spermatids are not only larger but also their head is morphologically different. Lobe 5 exhibits characteristics known from other Pentatomidae species such as an uneven distribution of chromatin to the daughter cells, which give rise to cells of different sizes. This lobe forms spermatozoa of different sizes. Lobe 6, contained within lobe 5, differs from it by having larger cells at a stage similar to the so called "diffuse" and spermatid tails with cross divisions, which are not found in other lobes and unreported in the literature.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
550. A subpressor dose of angiotensin II elevates blood pressure in a normotensive rat model by oxidative stress
- Creator:
- Govender, M. M. and Nadar, A.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, oxidační stres, hypertenze, oxidative stress, hypertension, angiotensin II, subpressor, superoxide radical, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Oxidative stress is an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants, and is an important etiological factor in the development of hypertension. Recent experimental evidence suggests that subpressor doses of angiotensin II elevate oxidative stress and blood pressure. We aimed to investigate the oxidative stress related mechanism by which a subpressor dose of angiotensin II induces hypertension in a normotensive rat model. Normotensive male Wistar rats were infused with a subpressor dose of angiotensin II for 28 days. The control group was sham operated and infused with saline only. Plasma angiotensin II and H2O2 levels, whole-blood glutathione peroxidase, and AT-1a, Cu/Zn SOD, and p22phox mRNA expression in the aorta was assessed. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were elevated in the experimental group. There was no change in angiotensin II levels, but a significant increase in AT-1a mRNA expression was found in the experimental group. mRNA expression of p22phox was increased significantly and Cu/Zn SOD decreased significantly in the experimental group. There was no significant change to the H2O2 and GPx levels. Angiotensin II manipulates the free radical-antioxidant balance in the vasculature by selectively increasing O2 - production and decreasing SOD activity and causes an oxidative stress induced elevation in blood pressure in the Wistar rat., M. M. Govender, A. Nadar., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public