Vodní toky v ČR jsou v posledních sto letech vystaveny intenzivnímu antropogennímu tlaku. Tyto činnosti se projevují také na populaci druhu marše pobřežní (Tetrix tuerki), který se vyskytuje se pouze na štěrkových lavicích podhorských potoků a řek. Národní přírodní památka Skalická Morávka je ideálním místem pro tento druh. Dynamika štěrkových lavic je velmi důležitá pro existenci tohoto druhu., Water flows have been under intensive anthropogenic pressure over the last 100 years. These activities also influenced populations of Tetrix tuerki, which only occurs on gravel benches of streams and rivers (dynamics of the benches are crucial for its existence). The National Natural Monument Skalická Morávka provides an ideal habitat., and Kateřina Kuřavová.
Keňská národní rezervace Masai Mara (též Maasai Mara) o rozloze 1 510 km2 se nachází ve Velké příkopové propadlině a přímo navazuje na národní park Serengeti v severní Tanzanii. Většinu jejího území pokrývají mírně zvlněné travnaté savany živené četnými srážkami v několika obdobích dešťů od listopadu do dubna. Pouze území v blízkém okolí řeky Mary a jejích přítoků jsou zalesněná. Rezervace je celosvětově proslulá mimořádně početnými migrujícími stády velkých kopytníků a jejich predátorů. V posledních desetiletích však populace některých druhů výrazně ubývají, za hlavní rizikové faktory se považuje rozšiřující se pastva skotu a nekontrolovaný rozvoj cestovního ruchu., Kenya’s Masai Mara National Reserve, covering an area of 1,510 km2, is situated in the Rift Valley with Tanzania’s Serengeti Plains running along its southern end. Most of the reserve is made up of hilly grassland, fed by plentiful rain, especially during the wet months between November and April. Only the areas near the Mara river and its tributaries are forested. The reserve is famous for its exceptional migrating populations of larger ungulates and its predators. However, the last decades have seen a considerable decrease in abundance of some species - the main causes are expanding livestock grazing and uncontrolled development of tourism., and Miloš Anděra.
Rezervaci Masai Mara proslavila především každoroční masová migrace pakoňů žíhaných (Connochaetes taurinus) a dalších kopytníků ze Serengeti (Tanzanie). Primární příčinou stěhování je střídání srážkového cyklu v rovníkové východní Africe a s tím související nabídka zelené potravy. Je ovšem obtížné určit přesný začátek či konec velkého stěhování – jde o neustále běžící cyklus, jehož jednotlivé fáze přecházejí plynule jedna v druhou. Navíc načasování migrací se rok od roku liší podle počasí i v řádu měsíců. Celá migrační trasa o délce zhruba 800 km má podobu nepravidelného oválu. Pohyb mnohatisícových až milionových stád přitahuje množství turistů z celého světa (druhé stěhování)., The Masai Mara reservation is famous for its annual mass migration of the Wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus) and other hoofed animals from the Serengeti (Tanzania). Its primary cause is the changing precipitation cycle in equatorial east Africa, and the related supply of green food. It is difficult to determine exactly the beginning and the end of the Great Migration – it is a constantly running cycle, and its timing varies from year to year depending on weather conditions over a span of months. The entire route has a length of about 800 km. The movement of herds with hundreds of thousands to millions of animals attracts an ever-increasing number of tourists from around the world annually (the second migration)., and Miloš Anděra.
Autor podrobně rozebírá Masarykův válečný traktát Nová Evropa a užívá jejjako klíč k myšlení T. G. M. jako myslitele demokracie. Tímto humanitně-demokratickým prismatem, výrazně masarykovským, pak probírá vývoj českého povědomí od vzniku československého státu po počátek devadesátých let 20. století. Předkládá tak čtenáři velkolepý pohled na smysl českého bytí očima T.G.M., tedy „z hlediska věčnosti, protože [Masaryk] byl realista.“, The author reads in detail Masaryk’s war-time tract, New Europe, using it as a key to the thought of Masaryk as a philosopher of democracy. Through this humanistic-democratic prism, distinctly his own, he then reads the fortunes of Czech consciousness from the birth of the Czechoslovak state (1918) down to the nineties of the 20th century. He thus presents the reader with an imposing overview of the meaning of Czech being through the eyes of T. G. Masaryk, that is, “from the perspective of eternity, because he was a realist”., and Jaroslav Šabata.
The trade-off between flight capability and reproduction is well known in adult males of insects with wing dimorphism but the reproductive advantage of short-winged (SW) males over long-winged (LW) males appears to vary across insect taxa. In the present study, we determined the difference in the mating ability of SW and LW males of Velarifictorus ornatus (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) in order to evaluate whether the SW male morph has a reproductive advantage. We found that the choice of a mate depended on the female. Compared with LW males, SW males had an obvious mating advantage when both SW and LW males courted females simultaneously, and that dealation significantly enhanced the mating ability of LW males. Losing the ability to produce songs reduced the mating advantage of SW males, thereby indicating that the greater mating advantage of SW males was related to the attractiveness of the song. In addition, the difference in the mating ability of LW and SW males was not related to body size or age. These results indicate that SW males of V. ornatus have a mating advantage over their LW counterparts because their underdeveloped flight muscles allow them to devote more resources to reproduction., Lv-Quan Zhao, Huai-Lin Chai, Hong-Jun Wu, Dao-Hong ZhuU., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The influence of female mating status on ovarian development of the ladybird, Propylea dissecta (Mulsant) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), was investigated under laboratory conditions. We assessed the extent to which ovariole development was affected by mating and for that we initially created a base line by observing age specific ovariole development. Results show that the number of follicles in each ovariole increased with the age of both virgin and mated females up to the age of 3 days, thereafter, no increase in number of follicles was recorded. Ovariole width also increased with age in both virgin and mated females up to 4 days, thereafter, no increase in ovariole width was recorded. The ovariole width of mated females was significantly greater than that of virgin females. Egg maturation and the egg load started to increase at the age of 8 days in virgin females. Thereafter, it increased with increase in female age. While in mated females, immature eggs were recorded in their ovarioles from the age of 1 to 2 days. In mated females, however, the increase in the number of mature eggs per ovariole and egg load started when they were 3 days old. Egg load continuously increased with increasing female age., Mhd Shahid, Arshi Siddiqui, Omkar, Geetanjali Mishra., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The rst direct presidential elections in the Czech Republic took place in January 2013. This event and the period before were extensively covered by media, which many candidates and political actors described as ultimately having a signi cant in uence on voters’ decisions. This article focuses on an analysis of the media image of one of the presidential candidates, Karel Schwarzenberg. Originally an outsider, he reached the second round of the elections, but then he was beaten by Miloš Zeman. The article uses the theory of framing and speci es it to the circumstances of the rst and second round of the elections. It applies a quantitative and qualitative content analysis to the main Czech daily newspapers and to the website supporting Schwarzenberg www.volimkarla.cz. The in-depth analysis reveals that the positive image of Karel Schwarzenberg created by his supporters before the rst round of the elections was reframed before the second round into a rather negative image., Hynek Jeřábek, Jan Rössler, Pavel Sklenařík., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
The publication dissects media perception of environmental issues within Ostrava region. Media are those who pick the stories edit them and throughout their agenda make shifts in ideas of individuals. In 2010 we have experienced skyrocketing of the media coverage of environmental issues related to Ostrava region, mostly attributed by reporting on air pollution. As available researches witnessed, there is a tight relation in public minds in between City of Ostrava, Ostrava region and Moravian-Silesian Region. This fact makes the research easier in the way we could often take in Moravian-Silesian Region figures as to be valid for the City of Ostrava as well as for Ostrava region and vice versa. The objective of the paper is to prove ahypothesis, that media have retained the coverage intensity of agiven topic as they did in 2010., Pavel Herot., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Medúzka sladkovodní (Craspedacusta sowerbii) je jediným zástupcem rosolovitého zooplanktonu v našich vodách. Článek popisuje historii zkoumání, životní cyklus a ekologii tohoto u nás nepůvodního druhu, který byl do celého světa zavlečen z Číny., The Freshwater Jellyfish (Craspedacusta sowerbii) is the only representative of gelatinous zooplankton in Czech waters. This article describes the body of research on the invasive species, which has spread from China all over the world. The article also includes a description of the species´ life cycle and ecology., and Adam Petrusek.