Lase Induced Brakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) were utilized for microspatian nallyses of a fossil bear (Ursus arctos) tooth dentine. The distribution of selected trace elemnts (Sr, Ba, Fe) was measured on a 26 mm x 15 mm large and 3 mm thick transversal cross section of canine tooth, The Na and Mg content together with the distribution of matrix elemnts (Ca, P) was aslo monitored within this area. It is shown that LIBS, similarly to LA-ICP-MS can be successfully utilized for fast, spatially-resolved analysis of fossi teeth samples. Rate of Sr and Ca, Sr and Ba tracers were recognized and it is possible to say, thet these elemnts are changing its concentration in according to the seasonal increments of dentine. The concetration is lower in winter, when the bear is in his hibernation, contrary to summe, which is affuent for its substances. Secondly,concentration of Sr. shows us a seasonal migration between the place of hibernating and territory where bear searched for feed. From measurement of concentrations it is possible to claim, that the bear was hunted in his season of searching for feed, when he was ensuring his fat reserfe for winter. From archaeological pint of iew, on the base of these measurements it was possible to reconstract the ehtology of the fossil brown bear, i.e the nutrition, health and migration., Miriam Nývltová Fišáková ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
This work presents all known bronze and iron bracelets, armlets and leglets discovered in Czech Silesia and originating from the Lusatian culture, which chronologically corresponds to the end of the Bronze Age and beginning of the Iron Age., Jiří Juchelka., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Early Eneolithic settlement on the bed of the Plumlov Reservoir. In 2011, archaeological research was carried out on prehistoric habitation, which came to light during the removal of sediments from the fl oor of the Plumlov Reservoir. The relics of prehistoric habitation were found on former right bank of the river Hloučela, bordered from the south by the Myslejovice Ridge which is part of the Drahany Upland. The geomorphology of the landscape in this area reminds of a natural amphitheatre, whose mouth was occupied in prehistoric times. The research conducted has proved Neolithic, Eneolithic and Early Bronze Age habitation. This paper pays attention in particular to Early Eneolithic habitation, namely to late Lengyel and Epi-Lengyel relics. From the point of view of relative chronology, the Early Eneolithic habitation falls within a time span delimited by the II phase of Moravian Painted Ware Culture on the one side and the latest phase of the Jordanów culture on the other side. It is one of the few examples of continuous human habitation during the entire Early Eneolithic period., Miroslav Šmíd., and Obsahuje seznam literatury.
The use of metal detecting devices by the general public and the resultant plundering of archaeological sites is still one of the most painful issues in Czech archaeology. No simple or satisfactory solutions have been found. The aim of this paper is to objectively summarise the last 25 years of unrestricted use of metal detectors in the Czech Republic and its impact on the archaeological component of cultural heritage and on archaeology itself. The paper presents a quantitative model of metal detecting activities sourced from the available data. The results are employed to illustrate the effect of metal detecting activities on archaeological knowledge and to outline some related theoretical and methodological questions., Aleš Navrátil., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Linear Band Pottery (LBK), Stroked Pottery (SPC), Moravian Painted Ware (MPWC) cultures developed in Moravia during the Neolithic period. Based on the currently available radiocarbon dates, this period lasted for 1800 years. The LBK lasted for 550 years and the MPWC for 1150 years. There is a 100 year hiatus between these cultures, when Moravia was inhabited by people practicing the SPC. With increasing knowledge and more radiocarbon dates, it has become apparent that the current ideas about the development of the Neolithic need revision due to discrepancies between the traditional scheme and new empirical data. Chronology building on the basis of the 14C method is currently the most accurate dating technique for this period., Martin Kuča, Josef Jan Kovář, Miriam Nývltová Fišáková, Petr Škrdla, Lubomír Prokeš, Miroslav Vaškových, Zdeněk Schenk., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
The article deals with the design and construction of a hypothetical gate tower, which was built in the frame of the Archaeological open air museum at Liptovská Mara, Slovakia. It describes two different approaches towards its mock-up construction, which were realized before and now and with gained experience – from two different points of views: scientific (technology) and operational. Construction of the gate resulted from a co-operation among the Archaeological Institute of the Slovak Academy of Science (AÚ SAV), Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava (STU BA), Institute of Architectural Heritage Conservation of the Slovak republic (PÚ SR) and the Museum of Liptov in a frame of the project “Ochrana a záchrana historických pamiatok na Slovensku ako integrálna súˇcast’ európskeho kultúrneho dediˇcstva (koncepcia a realizácia)” / “Protection and Preservation of Cultural Heritage in Slovakia as an Integral Part of European Cultural Heritage (Concept and Realising)”., Oto Makýš., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
This investigation closely examines the so-called animal burials from the Late Neolithic period. The Kujawy site (central Poland), occupied by the globular Amphora culture people, is used here as an example. The information we have on the animal burials from this site suggests important differences from other known animal burial sites. One example is the tendency to place animals in pits within the settlement. In this way, the dead (probably killed) and intentionally buried animals became part of the space used by living people. Another important observation concerns preferences in selecting animals for use in different spheres of human activity including ritual., Marzena Szmyt., and Obsahuje seznam literatury