Lase Induced Brakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) were utilized for microspatian nallyses of a fossil bear (Ursus arctos) tooth dentine. The distribution of selected trace elemnts (Sr, Ba, Fe) was measured on a 26 mm x 15 mm large and 3 mm thick transversal cross section of canine tooth, The Na and Mg content together with the distribution of matrix elemnts (Ca, P) was aslo monitored within this area. It is shown that LIBS, similarly to LA-ICP-MS can be successfully utilized for fast, spatially-resolved analysis of fossi teeth samples. Rate of Sr and Ca, Sr and Ba tracers were recognized and it is possible to say, thet these elemnts are changing its concentration in according to the seasonal increments of dentine. The concetration is lower in winter, when the bear is in his hibernation, contrary to summe, which is affuent for its substances. Secondly,concentration of Sr. shows us a seasonal migration between the place of hibernating and territory where bear searched for feed. From measurement of concentrations it is possible to claim, that the bear was hunted in his season of searching for feed, when he was ensuring his fat reserfe for winter. From archaeological pint of iew, on the base of these measurements it was possible to reconstract the ehtology of the fossil brown bear, i.e the nutrition, health and migration., Miriam Nývltová Fišáková ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Species–area relationships and nestedness patterns were studied in three groups of small terrestrial vertebrates (mammals, reptiles, amphibians) on 14 landbridge islands of the eastern Adriatic. Islands ranged in surface area between 15 and 410 km2 and contained from eight to 36 species from a total species pool of 48. Reptiles were the most species rich group (S = 28), and had more species than mammals (S = 13) and amphibians (S = 7) combined. Island surface area predicted species richness best in reptiles (r2 = 0.79) and most poorly in amphibians (r2 = 0.52). Mammals showed a significantly lower slope of the species–area curve than amphibians and reptiles, and thus accumulated species counts with increase in area at the lowest rate. Nestedness patterns in all groups were significantly more organised than expected by chance. Amphibian nested structure points to extinction dominated and well insularised populations with no subsequent recolonisations. Frequent unexpected presences and absences in the nestedness patterns of mammals and reptiles suggest complex biogeographic histories for these two groups, with several factors putatively in operation: heterogeneity in habitats and the original source fauna, post- isolation immigrations and differential extinction rate due to human-caused habitat degradation.
Different chromosomal races of the Nannospalax ehrenbergi (Nehring, 1898) complex inhabit south-eastern Turkey. In spite of the fairly restricted range of this mole rat in Turkey, no less than eight different karyotypes have been reported so far. These differ in diploid number (range from 52 to 58), fundamental number of chromosomal arms (ranging between 72 and 90) and in the fundamental number of autosomal arms (ranging from 68 to 86). The most common chromosomal form is 2n = 52, NF = 76, NFa = 72, which is known from Southeast Anatolia. In this paper I report on a new N. ehrenbergi karyotype from south-eastern Turkey. In 18 specimens investigated, the diploid number of chromosomes was 2n = 56, NF = 66, and NFa = 62. The karyotype consisted of 4 pairs of metacentrics/submetacentrics and 23 pairs of acrocentrics. The X chromosome was medium-sized submetacentric and the Y chromosome was small acrocentric. This chromosomal set is different to the most common Turkish N. ehrenbergi karyotype (2n = 52) and also differs markedly from the known chromosomal forms from Gaziantep (2n = 56, NF = 82, NFa = 78) and Tarsus (2n = 56, NF = 72, NFa = 68 ).