Mediterranean spotted fever (MSF) in Bulgaria shows increasing severity, especially in patients over sixty years. As T lymphocytes are the primary effector cells in MSF and are altered by the ageing process we aimed to specify the changes in their numbers in elderly patients. We performed a clinicoepidemiological study, haematological and biochemical analysis of 132 patients of 60+ and 30 patients between 19 and 57 years with MSF. We investigated the cell immunity of 20 patients of 60+ using immunofluocytometry. The control group consisted of 10 younger patients and 10 healthy individuals of 60+. MSF showed more unfavourable course in the elderly.We found T-lymphocytes depletion in all patients with MSF. Activated T lymphocytes were increased in elderly patients with MSF. We found significant differences between the number of activated T lymphocytes in elderly patients and healthy elderly persons. The observed T-lymphocytes depletion in MSF corresponded to the disease severity. The increase in the activated T lymphocytes in patients over 60 years contributes to an adequate immune response., Margarita Gospodinova, and Literatura
The article analyses a surgical treatment of 506 patients taking inpatient treatment in the Center for colon proctology. All the patients underwent a comprehensive examination including radiological and tool test methods in addition to conventional clinical and laboratory ones. On the basis of the complex study, indications, volume and terms of surgery performance were determined. Performance of preand postoperative management of patients is substantiated in details. Postoperatively, 28 (5.5%) had postoperative wound pyesis in the region of the previous colostomy. In the postoperative period 2 (0.4%) deaths of patients were caused with peritonitis which occurred due to incompetence of anastomosis sutures. Rehabilitation of stomed patients is one of challenges in colorectal surgery. Positive results treatment can be obtained only at carrying out of a comprehensive outpatient and inpatient preoperative preparation including recommendations in diet, colostome care, hydrogymnastics of the disconnected part of the intestine and prevention of infectious complications., Isakulov T. U., Mamatkulov Sh. М., Rahmanov S.T., Matkarimov S. R., and Literatura
Tento článek definuje trans jako širokou paletu osobnostních (genderových) projevů, které stojí v kontrastu s tendencí společnosti přijímat (přejímat) hluboce zakořeněné představy o tom, co je "normální" a "přirozené", a tendencí chovat podezření vůči takovým projevům osobnosti, které se zdají být s těmito normami v rozporu - změna pohlaví se pak zdá být "nepřirozená". Tento článek si klade otázky ohledně vztahu (trans) genderu k demokratické představivosti společnosti., This article defines the phenomenon of trans as an expression of the wide range of personal (gender) expressions and contrasts this idea with the tendency of societies to adopt deeply rooted ideas about what is "normal" and "natural", as well as the tendency to act with suspicion against such manifestations of personality that seem to be in conflict with these standards - sex change then appears to be "un-natural." This article raises questions about the relationship between (trans)gender and democratic imagination., Petr Agha, and Literatura
This article presents the author's technique and experience in the treatment of the flaccid "unhappy buttock" form with his surgical procedure of buttock lift by suture, without incision scars. The author first presented this new operation technique on a national level at the 2nd Annual Meeting of the National Bulgarian Society for Aesthetic Surgery and Aesthetic Medicine in Sofia on March 18, 1994 [1] and internationally at many scientific meetings over the world [2, 3, 4 ]. The result is a visual change in the buttock position to a higher one, which elongates the lower limbs and changes the proportions between lower and upper half of the body. The aim of this study is to describe a miniinvasive procedure of beautification of the buttock form without scars by creating a lifting effect on the buttock's subcutaneous tissue, using a suture that takes the inferiorly positioned deep fibrose tissue and fixes it upwards to the sacrocutaneous fascia, discovered by the author. Aesthetic and technical considerations required properly sculpting the buttocks into a higher position, demonstrating nicely rounded form. Preoperative shape is discussed and patient evaluations, operative techniques, postoperative management and results after 4 years of experience are emphasized. 1032 female patients, and 26 male patients aged 1862 years, with ptosis and cellulite on the buttocks were treated since 1993 on an outpatient basis by the "Serdev suture technique without visible scars". Important instrumentarium is a long, curved, elastic needle and Polycon semielastic Bulgarian antimicrobial polycaproamide long term (in 2 years) absorbable surgical threads Polycon, produced in Bulgaria. This operation has been performed either alone or after ultrasonic assisted liposculpture (UAL) that reduces the amount of fat and heaviness. All patients reported a high degree of satisfaction. A stable improvement in the buttock position and form was observed for the period described. In the postoperative period the complication rate was minimal and resolved in the first 45 days post operative period. The skin puncture in the perianal zone makes antibiotic prophylaxis obligatory as well as a strict follow up for the first 7 days. Some pain in the sitting position was observed for at least 5 to 10 days, but all other social and professional duties and activities were possible. This outpatient procedure is effective in the correction of buttock laxity and ptosis and creates a new form, universally accepted as "happy buttocks"., Nikolay P. Serdev, and Literatura
Toto speciální vydání Časopisu zdravotnického práva a bioetiky je číslem mono-tematickým, které se zaměřuje na problematiku translidí, pohlavní identity a právního diskursu v této oblasti. Poukazuje na problémy, se kterými se translidé v praktickém životě setkávají., This special issue of Journal of Medical Law and Bioethics is mono-thematic and focuses on transgender issues, sexual identity and legal discourse in this area. It highlights the problems transgender people meet in real life., and Adam Doležal, Petr Agha
Autor se v tomto článku upozorňuje na problémy související s transplantacemi, současnými zásadami, které provázejí transplantační operace, a některými úskalími právní úpravy. Kromě právní analýzy je řešena i etická analýza tohoto palčivého problému. V textu se tak autor zabývá zejména lidskou důstojností, rovností, autonomií vůle, spravedlností a právem na život a na zdraví a jejich interpretačním rámcem v kontextu s transplantacemi. V závěru poukazuje článek na filosofickou problematičnost stanovení kritéria pro určení smrti, což dopadá na současnou transplantační praxi., Author in this article deals with issues related with organ transplantation and current leading principles in transplant laws and ethics. In this paper author analyzes issues of human dignity, equity, justice, autonomy, right to life and right to health and their context in transplant ethics. Finally this article shows some philosophical issues concerning the correct definition and standard for human death and closely connected questions with organ transplantation., Adam Doležal, and Literatura
Koncept chování typu C definovala Lydia Temoshoková v roce 1981. Chování typu C je charakterizováno potlačováním a neprojevováním negativních emocí, zvláště pak hněvu, zachováváním zdání klidu a příjemnosti a orientací na potřeby druhých více než potřeby osoby samotné. Celosvětově však dochází k zaměňování pojmů „chování typu C“ za neadekvátně užívaný pojem „osobnost typu C“ či „cancer-prone personality“. Toto stanovisko si dovolujeme tak jasně postulovat na základě konzultace s autorkou pojmu, Lydií Temoshokovou. Misinterpretace pojmu chování typu C vedla také k přesvědčení, že tento typ chování může jedince predisponovat ke vzniku nádorového onemocnění. Avšak koncept chování typu C popisuje copingovou strategii, která má, dle dosavadních výzkumů, vliv na rychlejší progresi nádorového onemocnění a onemocnění HIV následkem ovlivňování funkce imunitního systému. Diskutujeme obtíže s výzkumem chování typu C a představujeme metodu Vignette Similarity Rating Method (VSRM) vyvinutou Lydií Temoshokovou jako možný nástroj k výzkumnému zachycení chování typu C., The Type C concept was first described by Dr. Lydia Temoshok in 1981. The Type C is characterized by suppression and non-expression of negative emotions, especially by suppressing anger, maintaining a facade of contentment and being more concerned about the needs of other people than about one’s own needs. The term „Type C“ has been worldwide confused with inadequate terms „Type C personality“ or „cancer-prone personality“. We only allow ourselves to postulate this statement so strongly after having consulted the issue directly with Dr. Lydia Temoshok, the author of the term. The misinterpretation of the type C behaviour pattern led to a belief that this type of behaviour can predispose development of cancer in a person. However, according to existing research, the Type C concept describes a coping strategy that causes a faster progression of cancer and HIV due to changes in the immune system. We discuss obstacles with the Type C research and we introduce the Vignette Similarity Rating Method (VSRM), a method developed by Dr. Lydia Temoshok, enabling detection of the Type C behaviour pattern in a research., Peterková, H., Skřivanová, K., Brančíková, D., Bendová, M., Anderková, Ľ., and Literatura