Antrochoanal polyps are benign lesions originating from the mucosa of the maxillary sinus. Nasal obstruction and rhinorrhea are their main symptoms. Their endoscopical and radiological appearance makes them relatively easy to diagnose. These polyps are usually presented unilaterally, although bilateral presentation is also possible. We described two cases of atypically giant antrochoanal polyps: in a 15-year-old child and in a 38-year-old man. In both cases, the diagnosis was done by nasal endoscopy and computed tomography (CT) of the paranasal sinuses and supported by histopathological analysis. In the first patient, the excised polyp had the histological characteristic of an angiomatous antrochoanal polyp. Because of their unusual dimension, the combined transoral and endonasal endoscopic approach was performed for complete polyp excision. We discussed the clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of choanal polyps in comparison to inflammatory nasal polyps, and the applicable surgical techniques for treatment of these polyps. and C. Špadijer-Mirković, A. Perić, B. Vukomanović-Đurđević, I. Stanojević
The aim of our study was to determine the significance of lymphocyte-platelet adhesion (LPA), interleukins, transforming included 139 pregnant women aged between 17 and 27 years (21.3±4.22 years). GH was diagnosed in 119 women after 20 weeks of pregnancy. 20 patients (control group) were with physiological course of pregnancy. The distribution of patients by groups was carried out according to the level of blood pressure (BP) in accordance with ICD-10 (Geneva, WHO, 2002). The survey was conducted at the moment of detection pregnancy from 7 to 10 weeks and in dynamics of I, II and III trimesters of gestation. In the dynamics of gestation, were studied the number of desquamated endothelial cells circulating in the systemic circulation (CECs), nitrates levels, the adhesion of platelets by estimation their ability to form co-aggregates with lymphocytes by determining the percentage of lymphocytes aggregates with thrombocytes (lymphocyte-platelet plugs), at risk of hypertensive disorders, especially after 20-22 weeks of gestation and later, lymphocytes ability to platelets adhesion is rose, the concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines and NO level are increased. The direct relationship indicates their importance in the pathogenesis of hypertensive disorders in pregnant women., Salomat Aleksandrovna Matyakubova, and Literatura
Obrázek ukazuje horké ložisko na hrudníku pacienta při scintigrafii skeletu. Čtenářům je položena otázka, co je jeho příčinou. Odpověď je uvedena na straně 58., x, and Ivana Kuníková
Srdeční selhání se zachovalou ejekční frakcí levé komory (heart failure with preserved ejection fraction – HFPEF, heart failure with normal ejection fraction – HFNEF) je epidemiologicky závažným onemocněním, jehož výskyt v populaci postupně narůstá. Etiologie jeho vzniku není ještě zcela objasněna. Nově bylo zjištěno, že prozánětlivý stav spojený s řadou komorbidit, jako např. obezita či diabetes, potencuje rozvoj HFPEF. Také sérové koncentrace některých působků, jako např. adiponektin, mají souvislost s tímto onemocněním. Hlavním znakem HFPEF je diastolická dysfunkce, která je ale doprovázena řadou dalších kardiálních i nekardiálních poruch organizmu. Prognóza se i přes dlouhodobě užívané, ale i nově zavedené terapeutické postupy nemění. Zlatým standardem v diagnostice HFPEF zůstává katetrizace srdce. K ozřejmění základní choroby vedoucí k srdečnímu selhání jsou využívána další vyšetření, jako elektrokardiografie (EKG), RTG srdce a plic, laboratorní odběry včetně markerů srdečního selhání a hlavně echokardiografie včetně pulzního dopplerovského měření., Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction of left ventricle (heart failure with normal ejection fraction, HFPEF, HFNEF) is frequent disease with serious consequences. Incidence of HFPEF in population is still growing. The exact pathophysiological mechanism of HFPEF remain unclear .Recent evidence suggests a relationship between inflammation associated with obesity or Diabetes mellitus and progression of HFPEF. Consistently, it has been reported that serum concentration of some pro-inflammatory markers such as adiponectin is positively related to HFPEF. By HFPEF is attended diastolic dysfunction. Diastolic dysfunction is linked to many other cardiac and non-cardiac diseases. Despite the great effort and new therapeutic approaches the prognosis of HFPEF does not improve. The gold standard in HFPEF diagnosis remains heart catheterization. Electrocardiography, chest X-ray, blood examination including diagnostic markers of heart failure and mainly echocardiography with Doppler imaging are used diagnose the underlying disease leading to heart failure., and Zdeňka Gregorová, Jaroslav Meluzín, Lenka Špinarová