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62. Inhibition of Beta-1 Receptor but not Vagotomy Can Abolish the L-NAME Evoked Bradycardia in Anesthetized Rat
- Creator:
- Vág, J., Hably, C., and Bartha, J.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, studie, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, Nitric oxide, Vagotomy, Metoprolol, Heart rate, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- We reported previously that the nitric oxide synthesis inhibitor Nv-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) decreases cardiac output. Several studies have shown that inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis decreases the heart rate. In the present study, we investigated the effect of a single bolus administration of L-NAME on blood pressure and heart rate monitored for one hour in anesthetized rats and the influence of vagotomy and b1-receptor blocker metoprolol on the L-NAME induced bradycardia. After L-NAME treatment, the blood pressure rose immediately after the injection of the drug (peak response in the third minute: +24 %, p<0.001) and fell to the control level in the 20th minute. The heart rate decreased immediately after L-NAME administration, the lowest value being reached in the 10th minute (-14 %, p<0.001). However, bradycardia was sustained even after the blood pressure had returned to the control level. Bilateral vagotomy failed to influence the negative chronotropic effect of L-NAME, but bradycardia was completely abolished by metoprolol pretreatment. We concluded that the bradycardia evoked by L-NAME is mainly due to the withdrawal of sympathetic tone upon the heart rate. However, the cause of sustained bradycardia after normalization of blood pressure cannot be elucidated., J. Vág, C. Hably, J. Bartha., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
63. Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis
- Creator:
- Kateřina Kotrčová, Martina Pechová, Karel Kotaška, and Průša, P.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, studie, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, Liver cirrhosis, GFBP-3, Liver tests, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Aim of the study was to evaluate serum levels of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 in patients with liver cirrhosis and to compare serum IGFBP-3 levels with other liver function tests. Fifty-one patients with liver cirrhosis were selected for our study. We measured IGFBP-3 (1.67±1.06 mg/l, mean ± SD), albumin (32±8 g/l), prealbumin (0.22±0.14 g/l), AST (2.29±2.38 mkat/l), ALT (2.11±4.83 mkat/l) and cholinesterase (mean 78.6±45.2 mkat/l) in the serum. There was a significant positive correlation of serum IGFBP-3 with serum albumin and serum cholinesterase. The correlation coefficient was much lower between serum IGFBP-3 and serum prealbumin. There was no significant correlation between serum AST, ALT and IGFBP-3. Serum IGFBP-3 proves to be a better marker for the hepatic synthetic capacity than serum albumin or cholinesterase., K. Šídlová, M. Pechová, K. Kotaška, R. Průša., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
64. Jak a kdy žáci omlouvají své špatné chování ve škole: role morálního vyvázání se a neutralizace v kontextu školního podvádění starších žáků
- Creator:
- Vrbová, Jana
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, studie, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Psychologie, psychologie, mystifikace, starší žáci, podvádění ve škole, nečestné chování, opisování, teorie sociálních domén, early adolescents, scholastic cheating, dishonest behaviour, laying, copying anwers, social domain theory, 17, and 159.9
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- a1_Cíle. Studie se zabývá vztahem mezi morálními a sociálními normami vztahujícími se k nečestnému chování, četností výskytu školního podvádění a způsoby, jimiž žáci toto své chování omlouvají. Soubor. Soubor zahrnoval 438 žáků osmých a devátých tříd ze šesti základních škol v jižních Čechách. Respondenti byli dotazováni, jak často se ve škole chovali způsobem, jenž se dá vnímat jako podvádění, na míru jejich souhlasu s normami vztahujícími se k podvádění stejně jako k čestnému jednání, a na akceptaci různých důvodů omlouvajících školní podvádění. Hypotézy. Byly ověřovány následující hypotézy: 1. teoretické koncepty „morálního vyvázání se“ i „neutralizace“ reflektují obdobný kognitivní proces racionalizace vlastního nečestného jednání; 2. omluvy na kognitivní úrovni pomáhají žákovi zvládat rozpor mezi normativně požadovaným chováním a jeho skutečným chováním. Statistická analýza. K ověření hypotéz byla použita faktorová analýza a strukturní modelování. Výsledky. V případě školního podvádění mají žáci odlišný postoj k opisování a ke klamání., a2_ Z hlediska teorie domén, kdy domény představují oblasti různého uvažování nad situacemi, spadá opisování žáků do konvenční domény, zatímco klamání spíše do morální domény uvažování. Empiricky bylo potvrzeno, že ve vztahu k omlouvání školního podvádění reflektují morální vyvázání se i neutralizace obdobný kognitivní proces, který může být označený jako morální neutralizace. Žáci navíc používali morální neutralizaci ke zvládání případného rozporu mezi tím, jak „by se měli chovat“, a tím, jak „se chovají ve skutečnosti“, jenom ve vztahu ke klamání, tj. morální doméně. Žáci neměli potřebu morálně neutralizovat opisování. Morální normy neovlivňovaly četnost podvádění a klamání přímo, ale jenom nepřímo, přes morální neutralizaci. Schvalování školního podvádění (opisování i klamání) bylo silnějším prediktorem jeho četnosti, než souhlas s morálními normami požadujícími čestné jednání. Shoda navrhovaných modelů s naměřenými daty byla dobrá. Omezení studie. Studie je omezena na věkovou skupinou starších žáků (12–16 let) a typ školy, pro kterou byly dotazníky morální neutralizace i typů podvádění vytvořeny, jakož i ochotou žáků pravdivě vypovídat o svém nečestném chování (self-report)., b1_ Objectives. The study deals with the relationship between moral and social norms related to dishonest behavior, frequency of cheating, and the ways in which pupils make excuses for the scholastic cheating. Subjects and methods. Survey among early adolescents (N = 438) was focused on determining the frequency of scholastic cheating, on the degree of acceptance of the standards relating to cheating, the moral standards requesting honest behavior, and the acceptance of different reasons for the self-justification of scholastic cheating. Hypotheses. The following hypotheses were tested: 1) the theoretical concepts of “moral disengagement” and “neutralization” in relation to justifying scholastic cheating reflect similar cognitive process; 2) justifying on the cognitive level helps students to cope with the discrepancy between the desired normative behavior and their actual behavior. Statistical analyses. Factor analysis and structural modeling were used to verify this hypothesis. Results. It was confirmed that, in terms of scholastic cheating, students have a different attitude towards copying answers and lying., b2_ According to the Moral domain theory (domains represent areas of different thinking about situations) pupil’s copying of answers falls in the conventional domain, while lying belongs to the moral domain. Our study gave empirical evidence about the overlap between moral disengagement and the neutralization techniques linked to scholastic cheating justification. Moreover the structural models confirmed that moral neutralization is a mechanism to help the student manage a discrepancy between how “I should behave” and how “I actually behave” only in relation to laying, i.e. moral domain. The copying of answers is probably not clearly classified by pupils themselves as conduct endangering their positive self-portrait, so they have no reason to selfjustify it. Moral norms influenced the frequency of individual cheating only indirectly through the mediation of neutralization. The approval of cheating was a stronger predictor of cheating frequency than the agreement with moral standards requesting honest behavior. Study limitation. The study is limited to early adolescents (12–16 ages) and the type of school for which the moral neutralization and the scholastic cheating questionnaires were created, and also linmited by self-reported method of data collection., Jana Vrbová., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
65. Janáčkovy srbské folklorní inspirace: Zpěvy lidu srbského
- Creator:
- Jarmila Procházková
- Format:
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- Type:
- article, studie, studies, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Janáček, Leoš, 1854-1928, 1851-1900, hudební skladatelé, kulturní život, muzikologie, písně, composers, cultural life, musicology, songs, Česko, Czechia, 78.01, 784.3/.7, 78.071.1, 316.72/.75-027.22, and (048.8)
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Studie Jarmily Procházkové se zabývá písněmi hudebního skladatele Leoše Janáčka, které byly inspirovány srbskou kulturní tradicí., This study is concerned with determining the previously unknown textual sources for Janáček’s lost chorus Ženich vnucený (The Enforced Bridegroom) from 1873, the composition of which testifies, as does that of his chorus Osudu neujdeš (You Cannot Escape Your Fate), to the composer’s interest at that time in South Slavic folklore. He took the texts for both pieces from the collection Zpěvy lidu srbského (Songs of the Serbian People) – Vol. I, Prague 1872 – in Czech translations by Siegfried Kapper (1821–1879), in which Kapper presented to the Czech public folk poetry from the collections of Vuk Stefanoviç Karadžiç (1787–1864). Kapper’s edition of the Czech translation was known also by Antonín Dvořák and Josef Suk, who used it in their vocal works composed to translations of Serbian folk texts., Jarmila Procházková., Rubrika: Studie, and Anglické resumé na s. 402, anglický abstrakt 393.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
66. K možným předlohám libreta Dvořákovy opery Vanda a k jeho dramatické výstavbě
- Creator:
- Jarmila Gabrielová
- Format:
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- Type:
- article, studie, studies, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Dvořák, Antonín, 1841-1904, 1851-1900, dějiny hudby, muzikologie, operní libreta, opery, history of music, musicology, opera librettos, operas, 78.01, 782, 78(091), (048.8), and 782.089.1
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Studie Jarmily Gabrielové se zabývá inspiračními předlohami libreta k opeře "Vanda" hudebního skladatele Antonína Dvořáka a zaměřuje se rovněž na dramaturgickou strukturu díla., The article deals with select adaptations of the Vanda-theme in the 19th century dramatic writing (Zacharias Werner, Tekla Łubieńska, Francyszek Więżyk, and Matija Ban). On the basis of these works, possible models for the libretto of Antonín Dvořák’s Vanda op. 25 are discussed., Jarmila Gabrielová., Rubrika: Studie, and Německé resumé na s. 245, anglický abstrakt na s. 233.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
67. Ke vzniku první opery Bohuslava Martinů Voják a tanečnice
- Creator:
- Eva Velická
- Format:
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- Type:
- article, studie, studies, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Martinů, Bohuslav, 1890-1959, 1921-1930, dějiny hudby, hudební skladatelé, muzikologie, opery, composers, history of music, musicology, operas, 78.01, 782, 78(091), 78.071.1, and (048.8)
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Studie Evy Velické se zabývá okolnostmi vzniku a rané recepci první opery hudebního skladatele Bohuslava Martinů "Voják a tanečnice"., The first opera by Bohuslav Martinů (from the total of 16) named Voják a tanečnice (The Soldier and the Dancer), H.162 was created in the initial years of Martinů’s stay in Paris (1926–1927), when the effort to reflect different contemporary music trends and influences can be traced in his compositions. Voják a tanečnice is an original example of absorbing such influences. Together with the librettist, Jan Löwenbach, they tried to create a “new opera buffa”, which was not understood by the contemporary reviewers. The opera was first performed in Brno in 1928. The frequency of the first performances of Martinů’s stage works in the National Theatre in Brno indicates that the first performance of his first opera was not a coincidence but a part of targeted dramaturgy at the Brno stage., Eva Velická., Rubrika: Studie, and Anglické resumé na s. 167, anglický abstrakt 139.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
68. Koncepce liturgického roku v hymnologické činnosti Jana Augusty
- Creator:
- Eliška Baťová
- Format:
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- Type:
- article, studie, studies, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Augusta, Jan, 1500-1572, 16. století, církevní rok, duchovní písně, hymnologie, muzikologie, church year, hymnology, musicology, sacred songs, Čechy (Česko), Bohemia (Czechia), 78.01, 783.6:781, 783.6, 27-564, and (048.8)
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Studie Elišky Baťové se zabývá dosud nepříliš hodnocenou koncepcí liturgického roku v duchovních písních od biskupa Jednoty bratrské a teologa Jana Augusty., The goal of the present study is to bring together the questions of hymnological research with the history of the liturgy and homiletics. In the integrated liturgical conception of Jan Augusta as it is known to us thanks to two Viennese manuscripts and a newly processed, unique printed document from the Unity of the Brethren church, these areas cannot be separated, since they mutually support each other to create a whole. The author has therefore dedicated herself to the broader context of the creating of a new arrangement of Biblical readings and songs in the Unity of the Brethren church, regarding which there were disputes from its inception in 1545 until the deaths of Jan Blahoslav and of Jan Augusta in 1572., Eliška Baťová., Rubrika: Studie, and Anglické resumé na s. 43, anglický abstrakt 33.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
69. Kriminální myšlení: teoretická a terminologická východiska
- Creator:
- Petra Faridová
- Format:
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- Type:
- article, studie, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Psychologie, psychologie, forenzní psychologie, psychology, forensic psychology, kriminální myšlení/postoje, kognitivní distorze, pachatel, predikce recidivy, criminal thinking/attitudes, cognitive distortions, offender, prediction of recidivism, 17, and 159.9
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- The paper deals with the concept of criminal thinking or attitudes that has received considerable research attention in foreign countries especially because of its proven relationship to antisocial behavior and potential for changing it through elimination of these attitudes (e.g. Blud et al., 2003; Henning, Frueh, 1996; Walters, 2005b). Nevertheless criminal thinking still remains almost undescribed in the Czech Republic. The aim of this study is to introduce to Czech readers its wide theoretical and empirical background and applicability in praxis. The presented study tries at the same time to overcome terminological confusion and opinion discrep ancies connected with this topic and to reach a useful definition of this concept., Petra Faridová., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
70. Lidocaine-Containing Euro-Colins Solution Prevents Renal Injury in the Isolated Perfused Canine Kidney Exposed to Prolonged Cold Ischemia
- Creator:
- Erkasap, N., Ates, E., Erkasap, S., and Kaygisiz, Z.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, studie, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, Cold-storage, Lidocaine, Kidney, Isolated kidney perfusion, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Previous studies have reported a decreased incidence of delayed graft function after cadaveric transplantation with the use of lidocaine pretreatment of the donor. We evaluated the effects of lidocaine on prolonged cold ischemia and reperfusion injury in a canine model of isolated kidney perfusion (IPK). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the renal function of isolated perfused canine kidneys after 48 h of cold storage with Euro-Collins (EC) solution or EC solution plus lidocaine. Isolated perfused canine kidneys were randomized into four groups which contained six kidneys: I) cold flush with EC solution and immediately reperfused, II) cold flush with EC solution plus lidocaine and immediately reperfused, III) 48 h of cold storage with EC and reperfusion, IV) 48 h of cold storage with EC solution plus lidocaine and reperfusion. The measured renal functions were glomerular filtration rate, urine production, perfusate flow, urinary lactic dehydrogenase (ULDH), Na reabsorptive capacity, and tissue MDA levels. Histological examination was performed after reperfusion. The tubular functions of kidneys preserved with EC solution containing lidocaine were better when compared with the kidneys preserved with EC alone. Tubular injury marker levels (ULDH) in group IV were significantly lower than in group III and lidocaine also reduced lipid peroxidation during reperfusion. This is in agreement with the histological results. The results of the present study can be taken as evidence of the cytoprotective effect of lidocaine, which may therefore be accepted as a useful agent for kidney preservation., N. Erkasap, E. Ates, S. Erkasap, Z. Kaygisiz., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public