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1453. Bohuslav Raýman (1852-1910)

Creator:
Jindra, Jiří
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Raýman, Bohuslav, 1852-1910, 19.-20. století, chemici, chemists, Česko, Czechia, 6, and 53
Language:
Czech
Description:
V Sobotce, rodišti Bohuslava Raýmana, byla tomuto významnému českému chemikovi a organizátorovi vědeckého života nedávno při příležitosti stého výročí jeho úmrtí odhalena velmi pěkná pamětní deska. Ačkoli jeho vlastní specializací byla organická chemie, především pak výzkum aromatických sloučenin, cukrů a kvasných procesů, patřil k nemnoha našim badatelům a učitelům rozpoznavším již tehdy klíčový význam fyziky pro chemii., Jiří Jindra., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

1455. Bone mineral density in patients with apolipoprotein E type 2/2 and 4/4 genotype

Creator:
Tomáš Štulc, Richard Češka, Aleš Hořínek, and Jan Štěpán
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, osteoporóza, vitamin K, osteoporosis, bone mineral density, bone turnover, apolipoprotein E, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
The peak bone mass and the rate of bone loss are in part genetically determined. It has been suggested that bone mineral density (BMD) may be related to allelic variation in the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene locus. ApoE is important in the receptor-mediated clearance of chylomicron particles from the plasma, Apo E4 having the highest and Apo E2 the lowest receptor affinity. Chylomicrons are the main carrier of vitamin K in the plasma; vitamin K plays an important role in the carboxylation of osteocalcin. We have tested the hypothesis that persons with E4 variant would have lower BMD and increased bone turnover than those with E2 variant. A total of 18 ApoE 2/2 and ApoE 4/4 homozygotes were selected from 873 patients who were examined for the ApoE genotype. BMD in lumbar vertebral, femoral neck and distal forearm was measured and plasma concentrations of osteocalcin and C-terminal fragments of collagen (CTx) were determined. BMD values (expressed as T-score) at the three specified sites were -0.12± 1.72, -0.52± 1.32 and -0.52± 0.81 in ApoE 2/2 group and -0.24± 1.22, 0.00± 0.84 and -0.17± 1.07 in the ApoE 4/4 group. Plasma osteocalcin and CTx were within normal limits in both groups. In conclusion, we did not observe any association of ApoE genotype with BMD and biochemical markers of bone metabolism in ApoE 2/2 and ApoE 4/4 homozygotes., T. Štulc, R. Češka, A. Hořínek, J. Štěpán., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

1456. Bone remodeling, particle disease and individual susceptibility to periprosthetic osteolysis

Creator:
Jiří Gallo, Milan Raška, František Mrázek, and Martin Petřek
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Experimentální medicína, patologická fyziologie, osteoklasty, ortopedie, pathological physiology, osteoclasts, orthopedics, periprotetická osteolýza, osteoblast, periprosthetic osteolysis, particle disease, basic multicellular unit, 14, and 616-092
Language:
English
Description:
Bone remodeling is a tightly coupled process consisting of repetitive cycles of bone resorption and formation. Both processes are governed by mechanical signals, which operate in conjunction with local and systemic factors in a discrete anatomic structure designated a basic multicellular unit (BMU). The microenvironment around total joint arthroplasty is a dynamic and complex milieu influenced by the chemical and physical stimuli associated with servicing the prosthesis. A key factor limiting the longevity of the prosthesis is polyethylene wear, which induces particle disease, and this may lead to increased and prolonged activity of BMUs resulting in periprosthetic osteolysis. Several pathways regulating BMU function have been reported in the past, including RANKL/RANK/OPG/TRAF6, TNF-α/TNFR/TRAF1, and IL-6/CD126/JAK/STAT. Moreover, the expression and functional activity of all these molecules can be affected by variations in their genes. These may explain the differences in severity of bone defects or prosthetic failure between patients with similar wear rates and the same prosthesis. Simultaneously, this data strongly support the theory of individual susceptibility to prosthetic failure., J. Gallo, M. Raška, F. Mrázek, M. Petřek., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

1457. Bone tissue as a systemic endocrine regulator

Creator:
Ivana Žofková
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, inkretiny, testosteron, incretins, testosterone, bone morphogenetic peptide, angiotensin, osteocalcin, phosphatonins, phosphate homeostasis, FGF23, chronic kidney diseases, klotho-α, male reproduction, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Bone is a target tissue for hormones, such as the sex steroids, parathormon, vitamin D, calcitonin, glucocorticoids, and thyroid hormones. In the last decade, other “non-classic” hormones that modulate the bone tissue have been identified. While incretins (GIP and GLP-1) inhibit bone remodeling, angiotensin acts to promote remodeling. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) has also been found to have anabolic effects on the skeleton by activating bone formation during embryonic development, as well as in the postnatal period of life. Bone has also been identified as an endocrine tissue that produces a number of hormones, that bind to and modulate extra-skeletal receptors. Osteocalcin occupies a central position in this context. It can increase insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity and regulate metabolism of fatty acids. Moreover, osteocalcin also influences phosphate metabolism via osteocyte-derived FGF23 (which targets the kidneys and parathyroid glands to control phosphate reabsorption and metabolism of vitamin D). Finally, osteocalcin stimulates testosterone synthesis in Leydig cells and thus may play some role in male fertility. Further studies are necessary to confirm clinically important roles for skeletal tissue in systemic regulations., I. Zofkova., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

1458. Bonnet design with respect to pedestrian safety

Creator:
Žatek, Michal, Yu, Qiang, Iwai, Nobuhiro, and Araki, Toshihiro
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
pedestrian safety, design research, head impact, bonnet design, and head injury criterion
Language:
English
Description:
The evaluation of the head injury criterion (HIC) assessing injuries of a pedestrian when hit by a vehicle, if simply defined, provides no practical hint for designing a bonnet structure with good safety performance. We have studied relations between the time history of the impact, HIC performance and bonnet structure; based on that, we established a method how to define, visualize and remove shortcomings of an existing bonnet design. The abilities of the approach are demonstrated on the results of practical application. and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

1459. Bořivoj Srba: V zahradách Thespidových. K vývojové problematice českého jevištního výtvarnictví XIX. století

Creator:
Vlasta Koubská
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, recenze, recensions, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Srba, Bořivoj, 1931-2014, 19. století, dějiny divadla, scénografie, history of theater, scenography, Česko, Czechia, 792.021, 792(091), and (0:82-95)
Language:
Czech
Description:
Vlasta Koubská., Rubrika: Recenze, and Cizojazyčné resumé není.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

1460. Boron deficiency induced changes in translocation of 14CO2-photosynthate Into primary metabolites in relation to essential oil and curcumin accumulation in turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)

Creator:
Dixit, Deeksha, Srivastava, N. K., and Sharma, S.
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
amino acids, leaf position, net photosynthetic rate, organic acids, rhizome, root, secondary metabolites, stomatal conductance, sugars, and transpiration rate
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
Changes in leaf growth, net photosynthetic rate (PN), incorporation pattern of photosynthetically fixed 14CO2 in leaves 1-4 from top, roots, and rhizome, and in essential oil and curcumin contents were studied in turmeric plants grown in nutrient solution at boron (B) concentrations of 0 and 0.5 g m-3. B deficiency resulted in decrease in leaf area, fresh and dry mass, chlorophyll (Chl) content, and PN and total 14CO2 incorporated at all leaf positions, the maximum effect being in young growing leaves. The incorporation of 14CO2 declined with leaf position being maximal in the youngest leaf. B deficiency resulted in reduced accumulation of sugars, amino acids, and organic acids at all leaf positions. Translocation of the metabolites towards rhizome and roots decreased. In rhizome, the amount of amino acids increased but content of organic acids did not show any change, whereas in roots there was decrease in contents of these metabolites as a result of B deficiency. Photoassimilate partitioning to essential oil in leaf and to curcumin in rhizome decreased. Although the curcumin content of rhizome increased due to B deficiency, the overall rhizome yield and curcumin yield decreased. The influence of B deficiency on leaf area, fresh and dry masses, CO2 exchange rate, oil content, and rhizome and curcumin yields can be ascribed to reduced photosynthate formation and translocation. and Deeksha Dixit, N. K. Srivastava, S. Sharma.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

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