The class of componentwise concave copulas is considered, with particular emphasis on its closure under some constructions of copulas (e.g., ordinal sum) and its relations with other classes of copulas characterized by some notions of concavity and/or convexity. Then, a sharp upper bound is given for the L∞-measure of non-exchangeability for copulas belonging to this class.
The author presents the hypothesis that increasing reflexivity was a major force behind social and political change in ancient Mesopotamia. As far as individuality, self, and identity are concerned, reflexivity was of foremost importance, therefore, a history of Mesopotamian reflexivity is certainly desirable and promising.
In this paper, a new control concept for a class of underactuated mechanical system is introduced. Namely, the class of n-link chains, composed of rigid links, non actuated at the pivot point is considered. Underactuated mechanical systems are those having less actuators than degrees of freedom and thereby requiring more sophisticated nonlinear control methods. This class of systems includes among others frequently used for the modeling of walking planar structures. This paper presents the stabilization of the underactuated n-link chain systems with a wide basin of attraction. The equilibrium point to be stabilized is the upright inverted and unstable position. The basic methodology of the proposed approach consists of various types of partial exact linearization of the model. Based on a suitable exact linearization combined with the so-called "composite principle", the asymptotic stabilization of several underactuated systems is achieved, including a general n-link. The composite principle used herein is a novel idea combining certain fast and slow feedbacks in different coordinate systems to compensate the above mentioned lack of actuation. Numerous experimental simulation results have been achieved confirming the success of the above design strategy. A proof of stability supports the presented approach.
E. Filová, M. Rampichová, M. Handl, A. Lytvynets, R. Halouzka, D. Usvald, J. Hlučilová, R. Procházka, M. Dezortová, E. Rolencová, E. Košťáková, T. Trč, E. Šťastný, L. Koláčná, M. Hájek, J. Motlík, E. Amler. and Obsahuje bibliografii
COMPOSITES EUROPE is the most significant European event focused on composite materials. The fair-trade was hold this year between 19th and 21st August in Stuttgart Exhibition Centre with 400 exhibitors from 30 countries and 10 thousands visitors. and COMPOSITES EUROPE je nejvýznamnější evropskou akcí zaměřenou na kompozity. Letos se tento veletrh konal 19. - 21. 9. 2017 na stuttgartském výstavišti za účasti cca 400 vystavovatelů z 30 zemí a 10 000 návštěvníků.
As compared with the swamp reed (SR) ecotype of Phragmites communis growing in the desert region of northwest China, plants of the dune reed (DR) ecotype from the same region possessed lower chlorophyll (Chl) content in leaves, and less thylakoids and grana stacks in chloroplasts. Tube gel electrophoresis without stain showed that the contents of Chl-protein (Pro) components related to photosystem 2 (PS2) were markedly lower in the DR thylakoid membranes than in the SR thylakoid membranes, while the contents of Chl-Pro components associated with PS1 were almost the same in both types. SDS-PAGE analysis indicated that the content of polypeptides of the light-harvesting Chl a/b complex of PS2 (LHC2) was lower in the DR thylakoids. Besides, the conformation of LHC2 within the DR thylakoid membranes was also altered as indicated by circular dichroism spectra. Hence in the DR, reduced energy harvesting by declining the size of LHC2 might be responsible for the down-regulated PS2 activity. Chl fluorescence parameters. Fv/Fm and quantum efficiency of PS2 (ΦPS2), were lower in the DR leaves than in the SR ones. However, non-photochemical quenching coefficient (qN) was greater in DR than that in SR, implying other energy dissipation way exists in the DR photosynthetic membranes. and X. Y. Zhu, S. M. Wang, C. L. Zhang.
The community composition and structure of helminths of Pipistrellus pipistrellus (Schreber, 1774) from two widely separated Spanish localities, El Saler (n = 42) and the San Pedro pothole (n = 34), were determined and compared. Five species of trematodes, Plagiorchis (Plagiorchis) sp., Lecithodendrium (Lecithodendrium) linstowi Dollfus, 1931, Prosthodendrium (Prosthodendrium) sp., Pycnoporus heteroporus (Dujardin, 1845) and Parabascus semisquamosus (Braun, 1900), and one species of cestode, Hymenolepis pipistrelli López-Neyra, 1941, were found. The two bat populations harboured the same helminth species and showed the same trematode dominance, but the most important differences between the two helminth community structures were attributable to L. (L.) linstowi and H. pipistrelli. The mean species richness in the two localities was not significantly different. The mean number of helminth species per infected bat, mean infracommunity abundance and mean infracommunity diversity showed significant differences between both localities. The number of helminths per bat in both populations displayed an aggregated distribution. Results indicate that the different characteristics of the P. pipistrellus foraging area in both localities are important in determining the composition and structure of helminth communities in this bat species. This is the first study of a Palaearctic bat helminth community.
This paper reports an investigation into the composition of gypsum from Kobeřice locality (Czech Republic). The X-ray diffraction along with FTIR spectroscopy and thermal analysis show that almost pure gypsum occurs mainly in autochthonous horizons. While allochthonous clastic deposition is represented by gypsum containing also calcite, quartz, clay minerals and organic matter., Pavel Konečný, Eva Plevová, Lenka Vaculíková, Alena Kožušníková, Janka Peterková and Marianna Hundáková., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The invertible, closed range, compact, Fredholm and isometric composition operators on Musielak-Orlicz spaces of Bochner type are characterized in the paper.