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52. An assessment of regulation, education practices and socio-economic perceptions of non-native aquatic species in the Balkans
- Creator:
- Piria, Marina, Kalamujić Stroil, Belma, Giannetto, Daniela, Tarkan, Ali Serhan, Gavrilović, Ana, Špelić, Ivan, Radočaj, Tena, Killi, Nurçin, Filiz, Halit, Uçma Uysal, Tuğba, Aldemir, Ceray, Kamberi, Elvis, Hala, Edmond, Bakiu, Rigers, Kolitari, Jerina, Buda, Enkelejda, Durmishaj Bakiu, Silvia, Sadiku, Edlira, Bakrač, Azra, Mujić, Emir, Avdić, Subha, Doumpas, Nikos, Giovos, Ioannis, Dinoshi, Irsida, Ušanović, Lejla, Kalajdžić, Abdurahim, Pešić, Ana, Ćetković, Ilija, Marković, Olivera, Milošević, Dragana, Mrdak, Danilo, Sará, Gianluca, Bosch Belmar, Mar, Marchessaux, Guillaume, Trajanovski, Sasho, and Zdraveski, Konstantin
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- invasive aquatic species, legislation, public awareness, western Balkans, and EU
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Alongside climate change, the introduction of non-native species (NNS) is widely recognized as one of the main threats to aquatic biodiversity and human wellbeing. Non-native species and biodiversity are generally low priority issues on the political agendas of many countries, particularly in European countries outside the European Union (EU). The objectives and tasks of this study were to address the policy regulation, education level, education practices, and socioeconomic perceptions of NNS in the Balkans. A questionnairebased survey was conducted in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Turkey (Balkan EU candidate and potential candidate members), in Croatia and Greece (Balkan EU Member States) and Italy (non-Balkan EU Member State). The EU Alien Regulation (1143/2014) concerning NNS is implemented in EU Member States and Montenegro, whereas Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Turkey have not reported specific policy regulations for NNS. Permanent monitoring programmes specifically designed for NNS have not yet been established in the EU Member States. Most countries tackle the issue of NNS through educational activities as part of specific projects. Education level is indicative of the implementation of NNS policy regulation, and efforts are needed for the proper development of relative study programmes. Public awareness and educational preparedness concerning NNS in the Balkans were identified as poor. Strong programmes for management and education should be developed to increase public awareness to prevent further biodiversity losses in the Balkan region.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
53. An early suitability assessment of two exotic Ophraella species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) for biological control of invasive ragweed in Europe
- Creator:
- Lommen, Suzanne T. E., Jolidon, Emilien F., Sun, Yan, Bustamante Eduardo, José I., and Müller-Schärer, Heinz
- Format:
- print, počítač, and online zdroj
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, brouci, mandelinkovití, beetles, Chrysomelidae, Coleoptera, Ophraella, biological control, invasive plant, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Classical biological control is an important means of managing the increasing threat of invasive plants. It constitutes the introduction of natural enemies from the native range of the target plant into the invaded area. This method may be the only cost-effective solution to control the rapidly expanding common ragweed, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, in non-crop habitats in Europe. Therefore, candidate biocontrol agents urgently need to be assessed for their suitability for ragweed control in Europe. A previous literature review prioritized the host-specific leaf beetle Ophraella slobodkini as a candidate agent for ragweed control in Europe, whereas it rejected its oligophagous congener O. communa. Meanwhile, O. communa was accidentally introduced and became established south of the European Alps, and we show here that it is expanding its European range. We then present a short version of the traditional pre-release risk-benefit assessment for these two candidate agents to facilitate fast decision-making about further research efforts. We selected two complementary tests that can be conducted relatively rapidly and inform about essential risks and benefits. We conducted a comparative no-choice juvenile performance assay using leaves of ragweed and sunflower, the most important non-target plant, in Petri dishes in climatic conditions similar to that in the current European range of O. communa. This informs on the fundamental host range and potential for increasing abundance on these host plants. The results confirm that O. slobodkini does not survive on, and is hence unlikely to cause severe damage to sunflower, while O. communa can survive but develops more slowly on sunflower than on ragweed. In parallel, our species distribution models predict no suitable area for the establishment of O. slobodkini in Europe, while O. communa is likely to expand its current range to include a maximum of 18% of the European ragweed distribution. Based on this early assessment, the prioritization and further assessment of O. slobodkini seem unwarranted whereas the results urgently advocate further risk-benefit analysis of O. communa. Having revealed that most of the European area colonized by ragweed is unlikely to be suitable for these species of Ophraella we suggest the use of such relatively short and cheap preliminary assessment to prioritise other candidate agents or strains for these areas., Suzanne T. E. Lommen, Emilien F. Jolidon, Yan Sun, José I. Bustamante Eduardo, Heinz Müller-Schärer., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
54. An equivalence between rational inattention problems and complete-information conformity games
- Creator:
- Ilinov, Pavel, Jann, Ole, Jeong, Byeongju, Univerzita Karlova. Centrum pro ekonomický výzkum a doktorské studium, and Národohospodářský ústav (Akademie věd ČR)
- Publisher:
- CERGE-EI
- Format:
- electronic, electronic resource, remote, bez média, online zdroj, and 10 stran
- Type:
- model:monograph and TEXT
- Subject:
- Kombinatorika. Teorie grafů. Matematická statistika. Operační výzkum. Matematické modelování, teorie her, optimální rozhodování, sociální normy, game theory, optimal decision theory, social norms, racionální nepozornost, 519.83, 519.816, 316.754, (0.034.2:08), (048.8), 13, and 519.1/.8
- Language:
- English and Czech
- Description:
- Pavel Ilinov, Ole Jann., Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy, České a anglické resumé, and born digital
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
55. An improved stacking filtering for extracting the common-mode errors on GNSS coordinate time series in Shanxi
- Creator:
- Li, Wei, Li, Xiaotong, Zang, Jianfei, Sui, Zhemin, Song, Chuang, Xie, Xukang, Huang, Yutong, Zhang, Tengxu, and Yan, Haowen
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- GNSS station coordinate time series, common-mode error, stacking filtering, environmental loading, and noise analysis
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The presence of common mode error (CME) in the coordinate displacement time series of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) affects geophysical studies using GNSS observations. In order to investigate the effect of CME on the time series in GNSS networks in Shanxi, this paper proposes an improved superposition filtering method by introducing single-day solution accuracy, correlation coefficient, and spherical distance between stations as weights. The filtering effect is evaluated using the GNSS data in Shanxi. By using the improved stacking filtering method, the root mean square (RMS) values for N, E, U are reduced by approximately 27.8%, 29.0%, and 46.0%, respectively. And compared to the traditional stacking filter, our improved method can achieve better results with CME extraction. We investigate the CME spatial-temporal characteristics and its relationship with environmental loading. The results show that the CME between stations decreases as the distance between stations increases. In addition, we analyze the effect of CME on the noise component and velocity estimates. Results show that removing the CME refines the velocity and leads to a significant reduction in the magnitude of noise, indicating that the CME is dominated by the flicker noise in Shanxi Province.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
56. An integrated study of landsat ETM and Cartosat DEM data in identification of Banded Iron Formations (BIFs) associated with sulphide mineralization
- Creator:
- Agasnalli, Chandrashekharappa, Deepak, M. S., Lakkundi, T. K., and Kumar, V. G. Ajey
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- sulphide mineralisation, Archaean, BIFs, remote sensing, GIS, Dharwar Craton, and Gadag Schist Belt and Gold
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- This paper deals with the identification of BIFs and associated sulphide mineralisation. An integrated approach, including the use of Landsat ETM-plus and Cartosat DEM data, GIS analysis, and geological data, is adopted for this purpose in the Nagavi area of Gadag Schist Belt (GSB), India. This integrated approach has enabled in identifying BIFs and structures. Band-7 of the ETM-plus sensor of Landsat-7 is used to identify BIFs and Band-5 for lineaments and shear zones. As a result of this study, the presence of gold mineralisation in sheared zones is noticed. BIFs are the economically prominent litho-units in the GSB hosting high-grade iron ore deposits along with sulphide mineralised shear zones. The strata bound ore is hosted primarily by BIF, consisting of chlorite, alternating chert and magnetite, sulphides and carbonate bands of a millimetre to centimetre scale.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
57. An open Internet of Things (IoT)-based framework for feedback control of photosynthetic activities
- Creator:
- Yuan, S., Tang, H., Fu, L. J., Tan, J. L., Govindjee, G., and Guo, Y.
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- chlorophyll fluorescence, greenhouse, Internet of things, open framework, photosynthesis model, and plant growth chamber
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- Active control of photosynthetic activities is important in plant physiological study. Although models of plant photosynthesis have been built at different scales, they have not been fully examined for their application in plant growth control. However, we do not have an infrastructure to support such experiments since current plant growth chambers usually use fixed control protocols. In our current paper, an open IoT-based framework is proposed. This framework allows a plant scientist or agricultural engineer, through an application programming interface (API), in a desirable programming language, (1) to gather environmental data and plant physiological responses; (2) to program and execute control algorithms based on their models, and then (3) to implement real-time commands to control environmental factors. A plant growth chamber was developed to demonstrate the concept of the proposed open framework.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
58. An unexpected tenant: contamination in a Physeter catodon (Physeteridae, Artiodactyla) genome indicates undescribed species of Sarcocystis Lankester, 1882 (Sarcocystidae, Eucoccidiorida) in the marine environment
- Creator:
- Faria, Joaquim Filipe and Harris, David James
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- endoparasite, sperm whale, marine mammal, Sarcocystis neurona, and Sarcocytis canis
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Data mining animal of genomes has been used before to identify endoparasites, and may be a particularly useful tool to surpass some difficulties faced by studies in the marine environment. We detected a species of Sarcocystis Lankester, 1882, contamination in the sperm whale (Physeter catodon Linnaeus) reference genome available in the GenBank database. We identified and extracted multiple gene fragments and placed the sequences in a phylogenetic framework. Our results indicate that the sequences of Sarcocystis sp. found in the genome do not correspond to any currently described species, despite a few other similar sequences having been identified in fur seals (Pinnipedia) and another sperm whale. Including data from previous studies, we suggest there is enough evidence to support the occurrence of at least four species of Sarcocystis in marine mammals. We also demonstrate that the term "S. canis-like" has been used for samples not closely related to Sarcocystis canis Dubey et Speer, 1991.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
59. Analysis of earthquakes recordings of tidal gravimeters in the period range of 10-1000 s
- Creator:
- Karkowska, Kamila, Wilde-Piórko, Monika, and Dykowski, Przemysław
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- gravimeter, seismometer, transfer function, earthquake, and Rayleigh wave
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The physical properties of tidal gravimetric instruments allow recording, not only tidal effects, but also waves generated by earthquakes. Three gravimetric stations with determined transfer functions and co-located seismic stations from the observatories in Western and Central Europe were selected for analysis. The observatories are equipped with almost all types of sensors available on the market, which allow for thorough analysis of earthquake recordings in the period range of 10–1000 s. In total, over 10,000 traces of worldwide earthquakes were investigated. The saturation levels of gravimeters as well as a correlation between the gravimetric and seismometric signals of an earthquake were carefully analysed. A simple processing scheme of gravimetric signal of earthquakes was adopted thanks to the probabilistic power spectral density analysis of continuous recordings. The detail analysis of transfer function of gravimeters allowed to define a period range when a sensitivity coefficient (calibration factor) and a time lag value only can be used to properly describe the properties of instruments. What’s more, it has been shown based on the calculated group-velocity dispersion curves of fundamental mode of Rayleigh waves, that the Earth’s mantle structure can be determined for greater depths from the recording of tidal gravimeters than from typical broad-band seismometers.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
60. Analytical and numerical investigation of mechanical energy balance and energy loss of three-dimensional steady turbulent flows in open-channels
- Creator:
- Mahmoudi, Mahsa and Banihashemi, Mohammad Ali
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- mechanical energy equation, energy loss, turbulent flow, analytical relationships, and numerical simulation
- Language:
- Slovak
- Description:
- Study about the mechanical energy balance and the energy loss of 3-D turbulent flows in open-channels has its own complexities. The governing equation of the mechanical energy in turbulent flows has been previously known and includes turbulence parameters that their calculations or measurements are not easy. In this study, a form of the total mechanical energy equation that leads to a number of significant physical insights is analytically investigated, from which analytical relationships for the energy loss estimation in 3-D turbulent flows are defined. The effect of different turbulence parameters is reflected on the new relationships and analyzed by equalizations replacing unknown correlations with closure approximations using the numerical turbulence simulation. In order to investigate the application of the analytical relationships, numerical simulations are performed by using OpenFOAM software to solve the Navier-Stokes equations with the RSM turbulence model in open-channels with different geometries. Then, the contribution of the turbulence parameters to the total mechanical energy balance is evaluated in uniform and nonuniform turbulent flows and their difference is analyzed, that leads to identify the parameters affecting the friction and local losses. The results demonstrate that the magnitudes of the turbulent diffusion, the work done by the viscous stresses pertaining to the mean motion and the viscous diffusion of the turbulence energy are substantially smaller than the other terms of the total energy equation for turbulent flows in open-channels with different geometries, while the effect of the variations of the turbulence kinetic energy and the work done by the turbulence stresses, that has not been considered in the previous mechanical energy equations, is more important in complex flows. From a practical viewpoint, in order to study the details of the total mechanical energy balance and the energy loss in 3-D turbulent flows with the presence of the secondary currents, the proposed method can be useful.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public