On the basis of the theory of Benedict Anderson on the „imagined political community“, the work analyses the processes of construction of bodily ideal and movement patterns in physical exercises of the Czech sport association Sokol („Eagle“). Through gymnastics based on Greek mythology and Plato, through large-scale floor exercises, through paramilitary marches, body became a tool for constructing national identity. Through ritualized exercise and the use of body symbolics, body became „nationally encoded“. However, Anderson’s concept of „imagined community“ does not suffice for an explication of the fact that at the end of the nineteenth century Sokol achieved great increase of members. Especially for young gymnasts of both sexes membership in the association entailed the fulfillment of concrete social and psychological needs. Contact with coevals and pubertal search for one’s own identity were equally important in mass integration into Sokol as individual pursuit of better performance. The author raises a query if the perception of Sokol as „popular“ (instead of „national“) movement represents a meaningful cathegorial enlargement. Dance figures and Greek myths dealing with the purity of the body indicate a „popular“ ideology of the association, separated from the political ideas of modem nation.
This article discusses the Enlightenment concept of theatre as formulated in the work of the Viennese playwright Paul Weidmann, who was active in the reign of Joseph II (1765-90). In Weidmann’s conception, theatre has two main functions: one is to provide a theoretical basis (the idea of a national theatre; theatre as a school of moral educational); the second is to delineate a socio-historical context. The themes explored by Weidmann are civil war and wars of religion, and the question of how to level social differences - problems that still very much beset the modern world. In the face of current religious, political and economic conflicts, Weidmann’s stage plays still carry a powerful message., Joanna Giel., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
The PALS laser infrastructure has been serving European laser physicists since September 2000. The author is recalling step by step history of the PALS laboratory since its very beginnings, highlighting the main achievements of its 10 years lasting international collaborative research activities. In conclusion he discusses the PALS future role in view of the European ESFRI projects ELI and HiPER., V září letošního roku uplyne deset let od zahájení prvních mezinárodních experimentů. s pulsním jódovým fotodisociačním laserovým systémem terawattového výkonu umístěným v Badatelském centru PALS (Prague Asterix Laser System). V tomto příspěvku podrobně zmapujeme okolnosti jeho vzniku a dalšího vývoje., Jiří Ullschmied., and Obsahuje bibliografii