The reduction in chlorophyll (Chl) and protein contents and the increase in amino acid content in leaf discs in response to aqueous SO2 exposure under continuous irradiance were more expressed in Amaranthus paniculatus (C4 plant) than in Cajanus cajan (C3 plant). The content of SH-compounds increased more in pigeonpea than in amaranth leaf discs in response to SO2. Aqueous SO2 exposure also reduced the CO2 fixation and ribulose-l,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBPC) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) activities in leaf discs of both plant species. The differences in sensitivity of these plants to SO2 were related to their conversion efficiency of SO2 to less toxic substances and sulphydryl compounds.
a1_With hypoxic stress, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are elevated and their responses are altered in skeletal muscles of plateau animals [China Qinghai-Tibetan plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae )] as compared with control animals [normal lowland Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats]. The results indicate that HIF-1α and VEGF are engaged in physiological functions under hypoxic environment. The purpose of the current study was to examine the protein levels of VEGF receptor subtypes (VEGFRs: VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3) in the end organs, namely skeletal muscle, heart and lung in response to hypoxic stress. ELISA and Western blot analysis were employed to determine HIF-1α and the protein expression of VEGFRs in control animals and plateau pikas. We further blocked HIF-1α signal to determine if HIF-1α regulates alternations in VEGFRs in those tissues. We hypothesized that responsiveness of VEGFRs in the major end organs of plateau animals is differential with insult of hypoxic stress and is modulated by low oxygen sensitive HIF-1α. Our results show that hypoxic stress induced by exposure of lower O2 for 6 h significantly increased the levels of VEGFR-2 in skeletal muscle, heart and lung and the increases were amplified in plateau pikas. Our results also demonstrate that hypoxic stress enhanced VEGFR-3 in lungs of plateau animals. Nonetheless, no significant alternations in VEGFR-1 were observed in those tissues with hypoxic stress. Moreover, we observed decreases of VEGFR-2 in skeletal muscle, heart and lung; and decreases of VEGFR-3 in lung following HIF-1α inhibition. Overall, our findings suggest that in plateau animals 1) responsiveness of VEGFRs is different under hypoxic environment; 2) amplified VEGFR-2 response appears in skeletal muscle, heart and lung, and enhanced VEGFR-3 response is mainly observed in lung; 3) HIF-1α plays a regulatory role in the levels of VEGFRs. Our results provide the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for hypoxic environment in plateau animals, having an impact on research of physiological and ecological adaptive responses to acute or chronic hypoxic stress in humans who living at high attitude and who live at a normal sea level but suffer from hypoxic disorders., H.-C. Xie, J.-G. Li, J.-P. He., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Similar-aged leaflets of kidney beán plants grown either in soii or sand culture but otherwise under identical laboratory conditions, were exposed to acute O3 concentrations of 0.5 to 0.7 pmol mol"l for 1-1.5 h with a 15 to 20 min respite interval in the middle of the ozonation period. The CO2 exchange versus leaf intemal CO2 concentration relationships were determined just before ozonation, during respite period and immediately after the treatment. Under comparable absorbed O3 fluxes the calculated mesophyll conductance (gn,) and measured C02-saturated photosynthesis (Pj) in leaflets of sand-grown plants declined more rapidly than in leaflets of soil-grown plants. A rise in the CO2 compensation concentration in the sand-grown plants was also more pronounced. About 20 % greater thickness of leaves of the sand-grown plants was probably not the cause for their higher susceptíbility to absorbed O3. From the proportíonal decline in ^nd Pg, it is concluded that possible differences in patchiness of stomatal closure under O3 were also not the cause. A weaker O3 defence systém in the mesophyll cells of the sand- grown plants may be the cause of their greater sensitivity to absorbed O3.
Difuzně vážené zobrazení tkání je zásadní součástí vyšetřovacích protokolů magnetické rezonance. Snížení jeho kvality na 3T přístrojích v porovnání s 1, 5T je při použití konvenčních metod náběru dat významné a vyžaduje hledání nových postupů. Technika RESOLVE (REeadout Segmentation Of Long Variable Echo-trains) představuje volbu, která zmenšuje geometrické distorze a poskytuje vyšší prostorové rozlišení obrazu, nicméně při prodloužené době vyšetření., Diffusion-weighted tissue imaging is very important part of magnetic resonance examination protocols. There is significant decrease of its quality in 3T compared to 1,5T machines if conventional techniques of data collections are used, and new methods are needed to be applied. RESOLVE (REadout Segmentation Of Long Variable Echo-trains) technique represents an option reducing geometric distortions and providing higher spatial resolution, however, with prolonged examination duration., Radek Tupý, Jiří Ferda, Radek Süss, Jan Kaster, and Literatura
Some digeneans and cestodes parasitic in a population of the white-faced ibis Plegadis chihi (Vieillot) from Buenos Aires province, Argentina, arc presented. The digeneans Dietziella egregia (Dietz, 1909), Patagifer bilobus (Rudolphi, 1819), Ascocotyle (Leighia) hadra Ostrowski de Núfiez, 1992 and Posthodiplostomum nanum Dubois, 1937 from the intestine; Prosthogonimus ovatus (Rudolphi, 1803) from the cloaca; Athesmia heterolecithodes (Braun, 1899) from the bile ducts and the cestode Hymenolepis megalops (Nilzsch in Crcplin, 1829) from the cloaca, were recorded. The discovery of D. egregia, P. ovatus, A. heterolecithodes and P. nanum constitute new host and/or new geographical records. Adults of A. (L.) hadra, previously described in experimental definitive hosts, are first reported from a naturally infected bird. Hymenolepis megalops, a cestode of Anseriformes is first reported from Ciconiiforines.
A total of 2,086 specimens of Engraulis anchoita Hubbs ct Marini (Pisces: Engrauiidae), from waters off Argentina and Uruguay were examined lor parasitic digeneans. Four species of digeneans were found, Parahemiurus merits (Linton, 1910) (adult) in the stomach; Lecithochirium microstomum Chandler, 1935 (non-ovigerous and ovigerous juveniles) in the swimbladder; Cardiocephaloides sp. (metacercaria) in the eyes and Rhipidocotyle sp. (metacercaria) in the musculature. These four species are recorded for the first time as parasites of E. anchoita.
Permo-Carboniferous and Cretaceous sediments cover the main tectonostratigraphic units of the crystalline basement in NE Bohemia. Within the activities of “Research Centre for Advanced remedial Technologies and Processes” the Czech Geological Survey revises the boreholes and geophysical investigations in the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin and adjacent areas. One part of the research is a compilation of pre-Cretaceous relief of the basement including the crystalline basement and Permo-Carboniferous relief. The digital elevation model uses all boreholes from the Czech Geological Survey-Geofond database, previous geophysical interpretation and the recent surface of the individual geological units defined from detailed geological mapping. The final model reflects well the evolution and recent position of several tectonic blocks and subsequent reprocessing of the information about basement rocks enables compilation of the ´solid´ geological map., Zuzana Skácelová, Bedřich Mlčoch and Zuzana Tasáryová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Correlation of boreholes and geophysical data provides the framework for 3D modelling of the crystalline basement and the Permo-Carboniferous volcano-sedimentary strata in the Mnichovo Hradiště Basin. The knowledge of depth of the individual interfaces acquired from boreholes database and interpretation of the seismic profiles enabled construction of 3D models. The Stráž crystalline block has bounded the Mnichovo Hradiště Basin on the north, its elongation is in NNW-SSE direction and maximal depth has reached near Sobotka. Its second deepest part known as Mcely or Sukorady sub-basin has been detected southeast of Mladá Boleslav. The negative gravity anomaly in the Mimoň- Český Dub- Turnov- Mnichovo Hradiště area indicated presence of „light“ granitic rocks in the crystalline complex. Moreover, the highest volume of rhyolite ignimbrites with a thickness of up to 180 m is concentrated in Permo-Carboniferous volcano-sedimentary strata in this negative gravity anomaly area, which can be related to a rather deep Late Paleozoic volcanic source (up to a depth of about 10 km)., Zuzana Skácelová, Bedřich Mlčoch and Zuzana Tasáryová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Principem transmisní radiografie je sledování změn ve vlastnostech svazku pronikavého záření, které prochází zkoumaným vzorkem. Tyto změněné vlastnosti jsou registrovány zobrazovacími detektory umístěnými zpravidla za zkoumaným vzorkem. Na základě zaznamenaných změn ve vlastnostech svazku je zpětně usuzováno na struturu či složení vzorku. Použití kvalitních zobrazovacích detektorů záření hraje v transmisní radiografii spolu s kvalitou svazku klíčovou roli. Vlastnosti současných polovodičových pixelových detektorů dnes již v mnoha ohledech předstihují tradiční zobrazovací prvky založené na analogové integraci náboje, např. CCD. Pixelové detektory umožňují s vysokou účinností, velkou snímací rychlostí a v podstatě neomezeným dynamickým rozsahem registrovat jednotlivé částice ionizujícího záření a rozlišit je podle energie., Jan Jakůbek, Jiří Dammer, Tomáš Holý, Michal Platkevič, Josef Uher, Zdeněk Vykydal., and Obsahuje bibliografii
This paper provides an overview of findings from recent analyses of a part of the rare book collection possessed by the First Faculty of Medicine at Charles University that encompasses Johannes Marcus Marci of Cronland’s work. The collection of Marci’s texts as a whole had not been studied thus far. The rigorous research conducted revealed that ten publications bound in six volumes represent a full cross-section of Marci’s work. Moreover, this collection is remarkable because of its exceptional artistic value and fine typography. Marci’s texts were published by prestigious Prague printers - either individual ones or by institutional print shops (the Jesuit print shop or the Archbishop’s print shop). These printers were able to meet the need for complicated typesetting and to produce the demanded number of copper engravings to accompany the text with fine illustrations so the result would be worthy of the author’s status. The present study also gives a full bibliographical description of the “sammelband” bound together as a single volume with the other four titles (shelfmark K2508a). This collection of Marci’s major works (originally only four) had a fifth added after 1654. The handwritten notes in the margin showed renewed interest in this scholar that appeared in the Czech lands in the 18th and 19th centuries. The First Medical Faculty’s collection of Marci’s works is not complete and does not include all his medical treatises, but it does reflect the breadth of his oeuvre. The provenance research proved that three volumes were part of a carefully curated book collection built up by Friedel Pick, a professor at Charles University. These print artefacts significantly enrich the faculty’s collection of early printed books and deserve further inquiry., Markéta Ivánková., Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy, and Jan Pulkrábek [překladatel]