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1242. Slíďáci a česká arachnologie. I
- Creator:
- Jan Buchar
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, pavouci, Česko, slíďáci, 2, and 59
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- The article presents the characteristic features of the worldwide wolf spider family (Lycosidae) and describes how its study has affected Czech arachnology, which takes credit for resolving several issues. Among the 38 families of spiders living in the Czech Republic, wolf spiders are remarkable for their ecology. Wolf spider vital signs are so prominent that every observer inevitably notices their constant movement. In addition to history of the research into the wolf spider family, some faunistic issues are also presented. and Jan Buchar.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1243. Slíďáci a česká arachnologie. II
- Creator:
- Jan Buchar
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, pavouci, Česko, slíďáci, arachnologie, 2, and 59
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- The second part of this article on the wolf spider family (Lycosidae) and the importance of Czech arachnologists in its study deals with various questions involving the taxonomy, zoogeography, ecology, bioindications and protection of these spiders, as well as their etology and cytogenetics. and Jan Buchar.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1244. Složité cesty návratů
- Creator:
- Evžen Kůs
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, kůň Převalského, chov zvířat, 2, and 59
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Evžen Kůs. and 4 čb. fot.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1245. Sociální chování vlků arktických ve vybraných zoologických zahradách
- Creator:
- Malíková, Dobromila
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, Zoologická zahrada Brno, Zoologická zahrada Olomouc, savci, vlk, zoologické zahrady, sociální chování živočichů, mammals, wolf, Zoos, social behavior in animals, 2, and 59
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Studie sociálního chování vlků arktických se zaměřuje především na etologii tohoto druhu, ale také na adaptaci přirozených vzorců chování na umělé podmínky. Poskytuje stručné informace o obecné hierarchii smečky, způsobu života a umožňuje náhled na jednotlivé projevy dominance a submise. Analýza byla prováděna na základě pozorování dvou smeček chovaných v Zoo Brno a Zoo Olomouc., This study of the social behaviour of Arctic Wolves (Canis lupus arctos) focuses on the ethology of this species, and the adaptation of its natural behaviour to artificial conditions. It provides brief information about the general hierarchy of a pack and its way of life and presents photographs of the individual manifestations of dominance and submission. The analysis is based on observations of two packs kept in Brno Zoo and Olomouc Zoo., and Dobromila Malíková.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1246. Sodium bisulfite enhances photosynthesis in rice by inducing Rubisco activase gene expression
- Creator:
- Chen, Y., Jin, J.-H., Jiang, Q.-S., Yu, C.-L., Chen, J., Xu, L.-G., and Jiang, D.-A.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- fotosyntéza, rýže, photosynthesis, rice, carboxylation efficiency, grain yield, maximum carboxylation rate, photorespiration, RuBP regeneration rate, Oryza sativa, 2, and 581
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- To investigate how bisulfite promotes photosynthesis, a pot experiment was conducted with rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants to determine Rubisco activity and content, and Rubisco activase (RCA) gene expression after spraying NaHSO3 on rice leaves. The NaHSO3 treatment promoted significantly net photosynthetic rate (PN), carboxylation efficiency, maximum carboxylation rate, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate regeneration rate, initial Rubisco activity, and RCA protein and mRNA concentrations. Therefore, the NaHSO3 enhancement of PN could be directly attributed to induction of RCA gene expression both at the transcription and translation levels. Thus, the increased RCA regulated the initial Rubisco activity in vivo., Y. Chen, J.-H. Jin, Q.-S. Jiang, C.-L. Yu, J. Chen, L.-G Xu, D.-A. Jiang., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1247. Soil Cu contamination destroys the photosynthetic systems and hampers the growth of green vegetables
- Creator:
- Lin, M.-Z. and Jin, M.-F.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- fotosyntéza, photosynthesis, fluorescence kinetics, green vegetable, metal contamination, soil Cu contamination, 2, and 581
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- Soil metal contamination leads to a decrease in a yield of crops and is a threat to human health. In the present study, the properties (i.e., photosynthetic pigments, gas-exchange parameters, chlorophyll fluorescence, biomass, leaf area, leaf mass per area) of three green vegetables (i.e., Brassica chinensis, Chrysanthemum coronarium, Brassica alboglabra) grown under various Cu treatments [0, 200, 400, and 600 mg(Cu) kg-1] were measured and analysed. The results showed that soil Cu contamination resulted in the damage of photosynthetic pigments, negative effects on gas exchange, and hampered growth of all three vegetables. However, it did not significantly influence PSII functions of the three vegetables. It indicates that soil Cu contamination negatively affected photosynthesis particularly due to stomatal factors, but not due to the damage of photosynthetic apparatus., M.-Z. Lin, M.-F. Jin., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1248. Soil water content and photosynthetic capacity of spring wheat as affected by soil application of nitrogen-enriched biochar in a semiarid environment
- Creator:
- Yeboah, S., Zhang, R., Cai, L., Li, L., Xie, J., Luo, Z., Wu, J., and Antille, D. L.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- chemická hnojiva, produktivita plodin, zbytky plodin, výměna plynu, biochar, chemical fertilizers, crop productivity, crop residues, gas exchange, 2, and 581
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- A field trial was conducted to determine the effect of nitrogen-enriched biochar on soil water content, plant’s photosynthetic parameters, and grain yield of spring wheat at the Dingxi Experimental Station during the 2014 and 2015 cropping seasons. Results showed that biochar applied with nitrogen fertilizer at a rate of 50 kg ha-1 of N (BN50) increased soil water content in the 0-30 cm depth range by approximately 40, 32, and 53% on average at anthesis, milking, and maturity, respectively, compared with zero-amendment (CN0). Stomatal conductance and net photosynthetic rate after the BN50 treatment increased by approximately 40 to 50% compared to CN0. Soil water content and photosynthetic traits also increased in other treatments using straw plus nitrogen fertilizer, but to lesser extent than that of BN50. Grain yields were highest (1905 and 2133 kg ha-1 in 2014 and 2015, respectively) under BN50. From this, biochar appears to have a potential for its use with N-fertilizer as a cost-effective amendment for crop production in semiarid environments., S. Yeboah, R. Zhang, L. Cai, L. Li, J. Xie, Z. Luo, J. Wu, D. L. Antille., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1249. Solute patterns and diurnal variation of photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence in Korean coastal sand dune plants
- Creator:
- Hwang, J.-S. and Choo, Y.-S.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Korea, fyziologická adaptace, výměna plynu, fluorescence chlorofylu, nonstomatal limitation, osmotic adjustment, physiological adaptation, stomatal limitation, gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, 2, and 581
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- Four plant species, Elymus mollis Trin., Carex kobomugi Ohwi, Glehnia littoralis F. Schmidt ex Miq., and Vitex rotundifolia L.f., are dominant perennial species in coastal sand dunes of Korea. We examined a physiological adaptation of these species by measurements of diurnal variation in photosynthesis and chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence and solute patterns in leaves during one season (June), which is favorable for plant growth of all four species. All four species adopted different strategies in order to utilize radiation and to maintain water status under a fluctuating microclimate. Although the lowest water contents among four plant species was found, E. mollis with a high Chl and K+ content showed better photosynthetic performance, with high stomatal conductance (gs), net photosynthetic rate (PN), instantaneous carboxylation efficiency (CE), and water-use efficiency. Midday depression of PN in E. mollis and G. littoralis, without a reduction of gs, was associated with a reduction in CE and maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII, indicating nonstomatal limitation. Photosynthesis depression in both C. kobomugi and V. rotundifolia, with relatively low gs values, could be attributed to both stomatal and nonstomatal limitations. The high storage capacity for inorganic ions in E. molli, C. kobomugi, and G. littoralis may play an efficient role in regulating photosynthesis and maintaining leaf water status through stomatal control, and can also play an important role in osmotic adjustment., J.-S. Hwang, Y.-S. Choo., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1250. Some nematodes from freshwater fishes in central Africa
- Creator:
- František Moravec and Miloslav Jirků
- Format:
- print, počítač, and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- parazitičtí červi, helminth parasites, Kongo (řeka), Congo River, taxonomy, new taxa, Osteichthyes, Congo River basin, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Twenty species (sixteen adult and four larval) of parasitic nematodes belonging to the Ascaridoidea, Camallanoidea, Cosmocercoidea, Dioctophymatoidea, Habronematoidea, Oxyuroidea, Seuratoidea, and Thelazioidea were collected from freshwater fishes of the Congo River basin in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Central African Republic in 2008 and 2012, respectively. Based on light and scanning electron microscopical examination, many species are redescribed in detail. This material also contained four previously unknown species, Labeonema longispiculatum sp. n. from Synodontis acanthomias Boulenger, Gendria longispiculata sp. n. from Schilbe grenfelli (Boulenger), G. sanghaensis sp. n. from Schilbe marmoratus Boulenger, and Cucullanus congolensis sp. n. from Auchenoglanis occidentalis (Valenciennes). The new species L. longispiculatum is mainly characterised by conspicuously long (210-228 µm) spicules, approximately twice as long as those in other congeners, the length (45-48 µm) of the gubernaculum and the host family (Mochokidae), whereas G. longispiculata by very long (1.2 mm) spicules, the shape of the oesophagus and cephalic vesicle, distribution of postanal papillae and the host family (Schilbeidae). Main characteristic features of G. sanghaensis are the presence of a hexagonal oral aperture surrounded by lip-like structures, the posterior portion of the oesophagus moderately expanded, spicules and the gubernaculum 414-438 µm and 54-57 µm long, respectively, deirids located at the level of the posterior end of the oesophagus and the absence of cervical alae. Cucullanus congolensis differs from congeneric species parasitising African freshwater and brackish-water fishes mainly in the absence of a ventral precloacal sucker and lateral preanal papillae, the presence of a large median precloacal papilla-like formation, spicules 480-489 µm long and the location of the excretory pore in the regio, František Moravec, Miloslav Jirků., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public