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1282. Studien über die Entwicklung der apterygoten Insecten
- Creator:
- Jindřich Uzel
- Publisher:
- J. Uzel
- Format:
- print, text, regular print, and v, 58 s., 6 l. obr. příl. : il. ; 34 cm
- Type:
- model:monograph and TEXT
- Subject:
- Obecná zoologie, hmyz, vývojová stadia živočichů, bezkřídlí, 595.7, 591.31/.36, (048.8), 2, and 591
- Language:
- German
- Description:
- von Heinrich Uzel
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
1283. Submergence-tolerant rice withstands complete submergence even in saline water: Probing through chlorophyll a fluorescence induction O-J-I-P transients
- Creator:
- Sarkar, R. K. and Ray, Anuprita
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- fotosyntéza, photosynthesis, energy flux, Oryza sativa, performance index, saline flooding water, stress tolerance, 2, and 581
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- Plants experience multiple abiotic stresses during the same growing season. The implications of submergence with and without saline water on growth and survival were investigated using four contrasting rice cultivars, FR13A (submergence-tolerant, salinity-susceptible), IR42 (susceptible to salinity and submergence), and Rashpanjor and AC39416 (salinity-tolerant, submergence-susceptible). Though both FR13A and IR42 showed sensitivity to salinity, FR13A exhibited higher initial biomass as well as maintained greater dry mass under saline condition. Greater reduction of chlorophyll (Chl) contents due to salinity was observed in the susceptible cultivars, including FR13A, compared to the salinity-tolerant cultivars. Exposure of plants to salinity before submergence decreased the survival chance under submergence. Yet, survival percentage under submergence was greater in FR13A compared to other cultivars. Generally, the reduction in the Chl content and damage to PSII were higher under the submergence compared to salinity conditions. The submergence-tolerant cultivar, FR13A, maintained greater quantities of Chl during submergence compared to other cultivars. Quantification of the Chl a fluorescence transients (JIP-test) revealed large cultivar differences in the response of PSII to submergence in saline and nonsaline water. The submergence-tolerant cultivar maintained greater chloroplast structural integrity and functional ability irrespective of the quality of flooding water., R. K. Sarkar, Anuprita Ray., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1284. Substrát, půda, vegetace a měkkýši. 1. Ekologie evropských měkkýšů ve světle současných poznatků
- Creator:
- Vojen Ložek
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Životní prostředí a jeho ochrana, vegetace, půda, měkkýši, ekologie, 2, and 502
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Fossil continental molluscs have not hitherto been regarded as reliable paleoenvironmental indicators. Little was known about their ecological requirements or their position in characteristic biomes of the Quaternary climatic cycle, for instance in the loess steppe. Only recent analyses of their assemblages in a broad environmental context have shown that they are indicative of a number of important environmental phenomena in the same way as pollen grains or vertebrate remains. and Vojen Ložek.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1285. Substrát, půda, vegetace a měkkýši. 2. Svědectví měkkýšů o historii naší přírody a krajiny
- Creator:
- Vojen Ložek
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, půda, vegetace, měkkýši, příroda, krajina, 2, and 59
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Fossil molluscan successions from ca 450 sites provide evidence of the paleo-environmental history of the Czech Republic and Slovakia during the Quaternary. They not only reflect the Quaternary cycle of warm and cold phases but also a number of various events, such as the impact of the cold oscillation at 8,2 ky BP or the detailed reconstruction in time and space of the habitat patchwork in areas where other fossils are sparse or absent, particularly in karstlands, in the full scale of elevations. and Vojen Ložek.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1286. Succession in ant communities (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in deciduous forest clear-cuts - an Eastern European case study
- Creator:
- Tăuşan, Ioan, Dauber, Jens, Trică, Maria R., and Markó, Bálint
- Format:
- print, počítač, and online zdroj
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, blanokřídlí, mravencovití, opadavé lesy, Hymenoptera, ants, deciduous forests, Formicidae, secondary succession, clear-cutting, community structure, pitfall traps, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Clear-cutting, the main method of harvesting in many forests in the world, causes a series of dramatic environmental changes to the forest habitat and removes habitat resources for arboreal and epigeal species. It results in considerable changes in the composition of both plant and animal communities. Ants have many critical roles in the maintenance and functioning of forest ecosystems. Therefore, the response of ants to clear-cutting and the time it takes for an ant community to recover after clear-cutting are important indicators of the effect of this harvesting technique on the forest ecosystem. We investigated ground-dwelling ant communities during secondary succession of deciduous forests in Transylvania, Romania. Using space-for-time substitution, we explored a chronosequence from clear-cuts to mature forests (> 120 years). The object was to determine if cutting has measurable effects on ant community structure, and if ant species richness differs between successional stages. We recorded a total of 24 species of ants, 11 characteristic of forests and seven of open landscape. Ant species richness was higher in clear-cuts compared to closed-canopy and old stands. Number of ant individuals was highest in young age classes and lowest in closed-canopy age classes. There was no drastic change in species richness during the succession, however differences in community composition at different stages were recorded. Open landscape species are able to rapidly colonize following disturbance but disappear when the forest sites mature and many forest ant species are capable of surviving clear cutting., Ioan Tăuşan, Jens Dauber, Maria R. Trică, Bálint Markó., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1287. Suchozemské ploštěnky naší fauny
- Creator:
- Michal Horsák
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, text, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Biologické vědy, ploštěnci, nepůvodní druhy živočichů, suchozemští bezobratlí, Platyhelminthes, alien animal species, terrestrial invertebrates, Česko, Czechia, ploštěnky, suchozemské ploštěnky, 2, and 57/59
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- V naší fauně jsou známy dva původní druhy suchozemských neparazitických ploštěnců (Microplana terrestris a M. humicola) a další dva nepůvodní druhy se pravidelně vyskytují ve sklenících (Bipalium kewense a Rhynchodemus sylvaticus). Výskyt druhého z nepůvodních druhů je pravděpodobný i ve volné přírodě., Two native species of free-living terrestrial flatworms (Microplana terrestris and M. humicola) are known in the wild of the Czech Republic and two other non-native species (Bipalium kewense and Rhynchodemus sylvaticus) have been repeatedly recorded in the greenhouses. The occurrence of the later non-native species is also likely in the outdoors., and Michal Horsák.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1288. Survey and DNA barcoding of flat bugs (Hemiptera: Aradidae) in the Tanzanian Forest Archipelago reveal a phylogeographically structured fauna largely unknown at the species level
- Creator:
- Grebennikov, Vasily V and Heiss, Ernst
- Format:
- print, počítač, and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- ploštice, fylogeografie, Heteroptera, phylogeography, Tanzanie, Tanzania, Aradidae, Mezirinae, microptery, barcoding, Eastern Arc Mountains, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- We report results of a faunal survey of Aradidae flat bugs sampled by sifting litter in 14 wet and discrete Tanzanian primary forests (= Tanzanian Forest Archipelago, TFA) of different geological origins and ages. Images, locality data and, when available, DNA barcoding sequences of 300 Aradidae adults and nymphs forming the core of the herein analyzed data are publicly available online at dx.doi.org/10.5883/DS-ARADTZ. Three Aradidae subfamilies and seven genera were recorded: Aneurinae (Paraneurus), Carventinae (Dundocoris) and Mezirinae (Afropictinus, Embuana, Linnavuoriessa, Neochelonoderus, Usumbaraia); the two latter subfamilies were also represented by specimens not assignable to nominal genera. Barring the six nominal species of Neochelonoderus and Afropictinus described earlier by us from these samples and representing 11 of the herein defined Operational Taxonomic Units (OTU), only one of the remaining 52 OTUs could be assigned to a named species; the remaining 51 OTUs (81%) represent unnamed species. Average diversity of Aradidae is 4.64 species per locality; diversity on the three geologically young volcanoes (Mts Hanang, Meru, Kilimanjaro) is significantly lower (1.33) than on the nine Eastern Arc Mountains (5.67) and in two lowland forests (5). Observed phylogeographic structure of Aradidae in TFA can be attributed to vicariance, while the depauperate fauna of Aradidae on geologically young Tanzanian volcanoes was likely formed anew by colonisation from nearby and geologically older forests., Vasily V. Grebennikov, Ernst Heiss., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
1289. Survival, body mass and potential fecundity of the invasive moth Cameraria ohridella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) on its original host plant Aesculus hippocastanum and Aesculus glabra
- Creator:
- Walczak, Urszula, Baraniak, Edward, and Zduniak, Piotr
- Format:
- print, počítač, and online zdroj
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, motýli, vzpřímenkovití, klíněnka jírovcová, butterflies, Gracillariidae, Cameraria ohridella, Lepidoptera, invasive species, leaf miner, herbivore performance, Aesculus hippocastanum, Aesculus glabra, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Performance of the invasive horse-chestnut leaf miner, Cameraria ohridella Deschka & Dimic, 1986 (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), was studied on two host plants: the white-flowering horse-chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum L. and the Ohio buckeye Aesculus glabra Willd. C. ohridella developed successfully on both host plants; however, mine density and survival were much higher on A. hippocastanum than on A. glabra. The pupal mass and potential fecundity were strongly affected by the host plant on which the larvae fed. On A. hippocastanum pupae were significantly heavier and females more fecund than those on A. glabra. Furthermore, on both host plants there was a significant positive correlation between the number of oocytes in ovaries and pupal body mass, and as a consequence, heavier females produced more eggs. Our study demonstrates that the mine density, survival, pupal mass and potential fecundity were significantly lower on A. glabra than on A. hippocastanum. The observed lower performance of C. ohridella on the exotic host plant was assumed to be due to its poor food quality (nutritional and chemical composition)., Urszula Walczak, Edward Baraniak, Piotr Zduniak., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1290. Susceptibility of an ascorbate-deficient mutant of Arabidopsis to high-light stress
- Creator:
- Zeng, L.-D., Li, M., Chow, W. S., and Peng, C.-L.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- huseníček rolní, kyselina askorbová, Arabidopsis thaliana, ascorbic acid, high-light stress, chlorophyll fluorescence, reactive oxygen species, 2, and 581
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- Ascorbate is an important antioxidant involved in both enzymatic and nonenzymatic reactions in plant cells. To reveal the function of ascorbate associated with defense against photo-oxidative damage, responses of the ascorbate-deficient mutant vtc2-1 of Arabidopsis thaliana to high-light stress were investigated. After high-light treatment at 1,600 μmol(photon) m-2 s-1 for 8 h, the vtc2-1 mutant exhibited visible photo-oxidative damage. The total ascorbate content was lower, whereas accumulation of H2O2 was higher in the vtc2-1 mutant than that in the wild type. The chlorophyll (Chl) content and PSII Chl fluorescence parameters, such as maximal quantum yield of PSII photochemistry, yield, and electron transport rate, in vtc2-1 mutant decreased more than that in the wild type, whereas the nonphotochemical quenching coefficient increased more in the wild type than that in vtc2-1 mutant. Therefore, the vtc2-1 mutant was more sensitive to high-light stress than the wild type. Accumulation of reactive oxygen species was mainly responsible for the damage of PSII in the vtc2-1 mutant under high light. The results indicate that ascorbate plays a critical role in maintaining normal photosynthetic function in plants under high-light stress., L.-D. Zeng, M. Li, W. S. Chow, C.-L. Peng., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public