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17482. Podíl českých žen na samizdatu a v disentu v Československu v období tzv. normalizace v letech 1969-1989

Creator:
Jiřina Šiklová
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
ženy, disidentky, disent, samizdat, normalizace (1969-1989 : Československo), women, women dissenters, dissent, "normalization", Czechoslovakia, 1968-1989, 15, and 323
Language:
Czech
Description:
During the so-called normalization era between 1969 and 1989, samizdat articles and books played a significant role in the resistance. They were copied by hand, unofficially distributed at home, and smuggled out of the country. Once outside, the texts were published in magazines and broadcast on foreign radio. As a result, people in Czechoslovakia were able to hear the illegal texts from foreign broadcasts. It was mainly women who performed the tasks of copying and distributing these materials, even though such activities were illegal in Czechoslovakia at the time. Yet, the activities of women are less well known than those performed by men during the same period, despite the fact that the activities women were engaged in were more dangerous than the men’s activities. The same can be said of the women in exile who helped in these illegal activities, because as yet they have gained little recognition inside or outside the country. Women’s demands and issues were not included in Charter 77 and other civic declarations. Czech women emphasised human rights and the interests of the majority rather than particular women’s issues. The incentive to notice the role of women in the resistance movement originated mainly among women in the West. Czech women did not differentiate themselves along gender lines., Jiřina Šiklová., Obsahuje bibliografii, and Anglické resumé
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

17483. Podíl profesionálních pražských písařských dílen na šíření vokální polyfonie v českých zemích na přelomu 16. a 17. století

Creator:
Krátká, Natálie
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
paleografie, kodikologie, polyfonie, paleography, codicology, polyphony, Praha (Česko), Prague (Czechia), Illuminators’ and scribes’ ateliers, musical palaeography, vocal polyphony, 8, and 930
Language:
Czech
Description:
There are many uncertainties about the production and dissemination of vocal polyphony manuscripts from Prague illuminators’ and scribes’ ateliers compared with the dissemination of monophonic vocal manuscripts. The only known “workshop” producing manuscripts with primarily polyphonic music is the one led by Master Jan Kantor Starý († 1582) in Prague’s New Town. However, the number of surviving manuscripts suggests that more “workshops” might have existed in Prague at the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries. The goal of this study is to ascertain if there were any other ateliers in Prague producing vocal polyphony manuscripts during the analysed period. The findings are based on recent palaeographic and codicological analyses of the selected group of polyphonic sources written by identical scribal hands: Kutná Hora Codex from 1593 (Czech Museum of Music, Prague), Trubka’s Gradual from 1604 (Prague City Archives, Prague), the Partbook of the St. Barbara Literary Brotherhood in Přeštice from 1619 (National Library of the Czech Republic, Prague) and a bifolio from an unknown partbook in the Gradual of the St. Castulus Church from 1580 (Library of the Archbishop’s Chateau, Kroměříž). The comparison of the analysed scribal hands indicates the existence of an atelier that was probably from the milieu of the royal court. Systematic inquiries into the professional production of polyphonic manuscripts should thus continue because that is the only way to better and fully understand the musical culture of the Czech lands during the Renaissance., Natálie Krátká., Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy, and Jan Pulkrábek [překladatel]
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

17484. Podíl žen na stávkovém hnutí v Rakouském Slezsku na přelomu 19. a 20. století

Creator:
Stanislav Knob
Format:
print
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Demografie. Populace, stávky, ženy, labor strikes, women and labor strikes, Austiran Silesia, 18, and 314
Language:
Czech
Description:
The present study focuses on the participation of women in labor strikes in Austrian Silesia at the turn of the niniteenth century in the light of the most important source: the statistics of the labor strikes that was published in the years 1894-1914. The article presents some interesting data and also discusses the methodology of using such source., Stanislav Knob., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

17486. Podivná jednota: Gustáv Husák a mocenskopolitické zápasy v KSČ na příkladu prezidentské otázky (1969-1975)

Creator:
Michal Macháček
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
dějiny, history, 8, and 93/94
Language:
Czech
Description:
a1_Studie analyzuje československé politické dějiny první poloviny sedmdesátých let na tématu prezidentského nástupnictví po generálovi Ludvíku Svobodovi (1895-1979), s akcentem na roli Gustáva Husáka (1913-1991), který vyšel z politické krize let 1968-1969 jako nejmocnější aktér a na čtrnáctém sjezdu Komunistické strany Československa byl potvrzen ve funkci jejího generálního tajemníka. Autor s využitím sovětských archivů poukazuje na diference mezi jednotlivými činiteli ve vedení KSČ, zvláště na nejednotnost takzvaných zdravých sil, přičemž lze podle něj hovořit o rozkladu tohoto bloku, zformovaného během pražského jara, na několik menších skupin. Tajemník Ústředního výboru KSČ Vasil Biľak (1917-2014) byl pod tímto vlivem a sovětským tlakem donucen rezignovat na ambice stanout v čele KSČ a musel se spokojit s pozicí stranické „dvojky“. Sovětské vedení odvozovalo společenskou stabilitu Československa od pevnosti stranického vedení, a zejména stavělo na spolupráci Husáka a Biľaka, jimž to dávalo najevo. Zdravotní stav neumožňoval Ludvíku Svobodovi plnohodnotně vykonávat prezidentský úřad, osobně ani o udržení funkce neusiloval, přesto byl v zájmu politické stability ve funkci potvrzen v březnu 1973 a zůstával jakýmsi provizorním řešením. Studie nepotvrzuje hypotézu, že byl nakonec donucen v květnu 1975 k odchodu z prezidentského křesla proti vlastní vůli; nebyl ani ve stavu, aby mohl tento akt vědomě učinit., a2_Snaha Gustáva Husáka obsadit prezidentský úřad průběžně narážela na otázku kumulace funkcí a nacionální faktor, přesto se mu díky centristické politice a podpoře Moskvy podařilo dosáhnout v této záležitosti „podivné jednoty“ ve vedení KSČ, takže se stal 29. května 1975 prvním a zároveň posledním československým prezidentem slovenské národnosti. V českých očích ovšem zůstával nadále Slovákem, jenž se výrazně podílel na neblahém procesu takzvané normalizace společnosti po srpnu 1968, zatímco pro slovenský národ se čím dál více stával odrodilcem, „pražským Slovákem“. Ke studii je připojena edice relevantních dokumentů a biogramy členů vedení KSČ, kteří o Husákově prezidentské volbě rozhodovali., b1_This article presents an analysis of Czechoslovak political history of the first half of the 1970s and the question of who would succeed General Ludvík Svoboda (1895-1979) as Czechoslovak President. The emphasis is on the role of Gustáv Husák (1913-1991), who emerged from the political crisis of 1968-69 as the most powerful actor, and was, at the 14th Congress of the Czechoslovak Communist Party, confirmed as General Secretary of the Party. Using Soviet archives, the author points to differences between the individual members of the Party leadership, and particularly to the lack of unity amongst the so-called ‘healthy forces’. According to him, it is fair to talk about the disintegration of this bloc, which had been formed during the Prague Spring, into several smaller groups. The secretary of the Central Committee of the Czechoslovak Communist Party, Vasil Biľak (1917-2014), was, in consequence of this and Soviet pressure, forced to abandon any ambitions to stand at the head of the Party, and had to be satisfied, instead, with the position of Number Two in the Party. The Soviet leadership derived social stability in Czechoslovakia from the firmness of the Czechoslovak Communist Party leadership, and in particular counted on the collaboration of Husák and Biľak, and it made this clear to both men. Svoboda’s failing health prevented him from properly discharging his duties as President of Czechoslovakia, but he did not even try to hold on to the presidency, even though, in the interest of political stability, he was confirmed in office in March 1973, and remained something of a temporary solution. The article does not seek to challenge or confirm the hypothesis that he was forced to step down in May 1975; although, in any event, Svoboda was in no condition to have taken this step himself., b2_Husák’s efforts to become President kept running up against the question of the accumulation of offices and also the Czech-Slovak national factor, even though, thanks to centrist Czechoslovak policy and support from Moscow, he succeeded in achieving a ‘peculiar unity’ over this question in the CPCz leadership, so that on 29 May 1975 he became the first, and also the last, Czechoslovak President who was a Slovak. In Czech eyes, however, he remained a Slovak who had, after August 1968, considerably participated in the unfortunate re-imposition of hard-line Communism known as ‘normalization’, whereas for the Slovak nation he increasingly became a turncoat, a ‘Prague Slovak’. The article is followed by a number of relevant documents and biographical sketches of the Party members who were decisive in Husák’s election to the presidency., and Michal Macháček.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

17488. Podivný případ dra. Jekylla a pana Hyda

Creator:
Robert Louis Stevenson and Josef Bartoš
Publisher:
J. Otto
Format:
print, text, regular print, and 106 s. ; 15 cm
Type:
model:monograph and TEXT
Subject:
Anglická próza, anglicky psaná, 821.111(410.5)-32, (0:82-322.4), 25, and 821.111-3
Language:
Czech and English
Description:
napsal Robert Louis Stevenson ; z angličtiny přeložil Josef Bartoš, Údaje o edici převzaty z SKC ČR, and Rok vyd. z bibliografického katalogu 19. stol.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

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