We have determined the genotypes of two common polymorphisms in the lipoprotein lipase (S447X) and hepatic lipase (-480C/T) genes in a cohort of 285 representative selected Czech probands (131 male and 154 female), examined in 1988 and reinvestigated in 1996. The genotype distributions of both polymorphisms were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and did not differ between male and female subjects. The rare allele frequency of the lipoprotein lipase polymorphism did not differ significantly from the other European populations. Compared to the German populations, the frequency of the hepatic lipase -480T allele was significantly higher in the Czech group (20 % vs. 36 %, p<0.0001). There were no significant associations between the lipoprotein lipase gene variants and lipid parameters measured either in 1988, or in 1996 or with changes of lipid parameters over the 8-year period. The carriers of the T-480 allele of the hepatic lipase polymorphism were found to have higher HDL cholesterol levels (p=0.02). However, this difference was confined to female subjects only. The male carriers of the -480T allele had higher concentrations of total cholesterol (p=0.03) as compared to CC-480 subjects. Both associations were observed in 1996 only. In the Slavic Czech population, a common polymorphism in the hepatic lipase gene (-480C/T), but not in the lipoprotein lipase gene (S447X), is a significant determinant of plasma HDL cholesterol in females and plasma total cholesterol in males and indicates the importance of gender-associated effects in the genetic determinations of plasma lipids., J.A. Hubáček, D.M. Waterworth, J. Piťha, S.E. Humphries, P.J. Talmud, R. Poledne., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The influence of higher temperatures on the polypeptide composition of thylakoid membranes and pigment-protein complexes, as well as on some parameters of their functional activity, in both acclimated and non-acclimated young pea plants, was studied. Almost the whole set of polypeptides in thylakoid membranes as vvell as in T40 particles was preserved after heat treatment (5 h, 55 °C). During acclimation of the plants to high temperatures a reorganization of the photosynthetic apparatus took plače. In its thylakoids the oligomer/monomer ratio of the photosystem (PS) 2 light- harvesting antenna was more than 50 % higher compared to similar samples of the non-acclimated plants. After both the treatment of 5 h at 55 °C only (non-acclimated plants) and that with step-wise increasing temperatures (acclimated plants), the PSI activity was practically unchanged in all three variants, whereas the PS2 activity decreased more significantly in non-acclimated plants only.
Studie se zabývá repertoárem polyfonních hymnů, zapsaných v rukopisném kodexu, uloženém v knihovně kláštera na Strahově., Veronika Mráčková., Rubrika: Studie, and České resumé na s. 104, anglický abstrakt na s. 91
Polysaccharides are long carbohydrate molecules of monosaccharide units joined together by glycosidic bonds. These biological polymers have emerged as promising materials for tissue engineering due to their biocompatibility, mostly good availability and tailorable properties. This complex group of biomolecules can be classified using several criteria, such as chemical composition (homo- and heteropolysaccharides), structure (linear and branched), function in the organism (structural, storage and secreted polysaccharides), or source (animals, plants, microorganisms). Polysaccharides most widely used in tissue engineering include starch, cellulose, chitosan, pectins, alginate, agar, dextran, pullulan, gellan, xanthan and glycosaminoglycans. Polysaccharides have been applied for engineering and regeneration of practically all tissues, though mostly at the experimental level. Polysaccharides have been tested for engineering of blood vessels, myocardium, heart valves, bone, articular and tracheal cartilage, intervertebral discs, menisci, skin, liver, skeletal muscle, neural tissue, urinary bladder, and also for encapsulation and delivery of pancreatic islets and ovarian follicles. For these purposes, polysaccharides have been applied in various forms, such as injectable hydrogels or porous and fibrous scaffolds, and often in combination with other natural or synthetic polymers or inorganic nanoparticles. The immune response evoked by polysaccharides is usually mild, and can be reduced by purifying the material or by choosing appropriate cross linking agents., L. Bačáková, K. Novotná, M. Pařízek., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Studie Roberta Škardy se zabývá tvorbou českých skladatelů, využívajících ve svých kompozicích polystylovost a koláž, stejně jako teoretickými aspekty takového typu děl a jejich reflexí v odborných časopisech., The topic of this study is the music of Czech composers based mainly on the juxtaposition of styles, stylizations of historical or jazz music, and the use of quotations in the years between 1960 and 2000. It deals with reconstruction of the meanings of the period musical terms polystylism and collage, and it maps out the use of these terms in the reception of this music at the time and in the compositional theory and practice of Czech musical culture during that forty-year period. The main sources for the analysis of terms were reviews, articles, and scholarly studies in music journals along with the contemporary statements of the composers themselves at the time and at the present. In that context, the study follows the leading representatives from among composers and critics, derives the meanings of the terms polystylism and collage, and places them in the context of Czech music of that period. As an example of a specific composition reflected upon in the context of polystylism and collage and exhibiting a number of elements typical of this compositional orientation, the study contains an analysis of the composition Útěk (The Flight) written by Arnošt Parsch in 1973., Robert Škarda., Rubrika: Studie, and Anglické resumé na s. 199, anglický abstrakt 169.
We describe the relation between quasi-minuscule representations, polytopes and Weyl group orbits in Picard lattices of rational surfaces. As an application, to each quasi-minuscule representation we attach a class of rational surfaces, and realize such a representation as an associated vector bundle of a principal bundle over these surfaces. Moreover, any quasi-minuscule representation can be defined by rational curves, or their disjoint unions in a rational surface, satisfying certain natural numerical conditions., Jae-Hyouk Lee, Mang Xu, Jiajin Zhang., and Seznam literatury
Polyurie se v neurointenzivní péči vyskytuje poměrně často a je spojena s rizikem vzniku vodní nebo sodné dysbalance. Polyurii způsobují dva základní mechanizmy: vodní nebo osmotická diuréza. Typickou vodní diurézou u akutního onemocnění mozku je centrální diabetes insipidus, u kterého ztráta čisté vody způsobuje hypernatremii. Osmotická diuréza se vyskytuje u syndromu cerebrálně podmíněné ztráty soli (cerebral salt wasting syndrome), kde natriuréza způsobuje hypoosmolální hyponatremii. Cílem neurointenzivní péče je prevence iatrogenních dysnatremií bezpečným managementem polyurií, který spočívá v diagnostice typu polyurie a odlišení kompenzační reakce organizmu na zvýšenou zátěž osmotických látek nebo tekutin od poruchy způsobené akutním poškozením mozku. V naší kazuistice prezentujeme 34letou pacientku se subarachnoidálním krvácením, u níž vznikla iatrogenní hypoosmolální hyponatremie, tzv. iatrogenní lékem způsobený SIADH (syndrom nepřiměřené sekrece antidiuretického hormonu, iatrogenic drug‑associated SIADH) v důsledku nesprávně podaného desmopresinu u polyurie s vodní diurézou., Polyuria is often seen in neurocritical care patients and can cause severe water and sodium imbalance. There are two major mechanisms causing the loss of water via the kidneys. The loss may be either due to osmotic or water diuresis. Central diabetes insipidus is a typical water diuresis, with free water losses causing hypernatremia in acute brain disease. Sodium diuresis occurs in cerebral salt wasting syndrome and causes hypoosmolal hyponatremia. One of the aims of neurocritical care is to prevent iatrogenic dysnatremias by careful management of polyuria. This requires correct diagnosis of the type of diuresis and differentiation of the possible cause – whether this is the organism’s compensatory response to higher fluid or osmotic agent intake or acute brain damage. We present a case of a 34‑year‑old female patient with subarachnoid hemorrhage and iatrogenic hypoosmolal hyponatremia, iatrogenic drug‑associated SIADH (syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone) caused by erroneous administration of desmopressine acetate in polyuria with free water diuresis., and V. Špatenková, P. Škrabálek
The aim of the international project KATRIN (KArlsruhe TRItium Neutrino experiment) is to improve the sensitivity of determination of the electron neutrino rest mass by one order. KATRIN is a joint effort of several European and U. S. institutions. The number of people involved in KATRIN is still growing. Currently there are about 100 scientists, engineerings, technicians and students involved, including most of the groups that have worked on tritium beta-decay experiments in recent years. KATRIN is being built at Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe in Germany where much of the requiered technical infrastructure is already available, especially for the tritium source. and Otokar Dragoun.