Disclosures: Eduardo Díaz-Rubio: Roche (C/A, RF); Auxiliadora Gómez-España: None; Bartomeu Massutí: Roche (C/A); Javier Sastre: None; Albert Abad: Roche (C/A); Manuel Valladares: Roche (C/A, RF, H); Fernando Rivera: Roche (C/A, RF); Maria J. Safont: None; Purificación Martínez de Prado: None; Manuel Gallén: None; Encarnación González: None; Eugenio Marcuello: None; Manuel Benavides: Roche (C/A); Carlos Fernández-Martos: None; Ferrán Losa: None; Pilar Escudero: None; Antonio Arrivi: None; Andrés Cervantes: Roche (H); Rosario Dueñas: None; Amelia López-Ladrón: None; Adelaida Lacasta: None; Marta Llanos: None; Jose M. Tabernero: Roche, Genentech, Sanofi- Aventis (C/A); Antonio Antón: None; Enrique Aranda: Roche, Merck Serono (C/A). (C/A) Consulting/advisory relationship; (RF) Research funding; (E) Employment; (H) Honoraria received; (OI) Ownership interests; (IP) Intellectual property rights/inventor/patent holder; (SAB) Scientific advisory board. Purpose: The aim of this phase III trial was to compare the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab alone with those of bevacizumab and capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (XELOX) as maintenance treatment following induction chemotherapy with XELOX plus bevacizumab in the first-line treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Patients and Methods: Patients were randomly assigned to receive six cycles of bevacizumab, capecitabine, and oxaliplatin every 3 weeks followed by XELOX plus bevacizumab or bevacizumab alone until progression. The primary endpoint was the progression-free survival (PFS) interval; secondary endpoints were the overall survival (OS) time, objective response rate (RR), time to response, duration of response, and safety. Results: The intent-to-treat population comprised 480 patients (XELOX plus bevacizumab, n = 239; bevacizumab, n = 241); there were no significant differences in baseline characteristics. The median follow-up was 29.0 months (range, 0–53.2 months). There were no statistically significant differences in the median PFS or OS times or in the RR between the two arms. The most common grade 3 or 4 toxicities in the XELOX plus bevacizumab versus bevacizumab arms were diarrhea, hand–foot syndrome, and neuropathy. Conclusion: Although the noninferiority of bevacizumab versus XELOX plus bevacizumab cannot be confirmed, we can reliably exclude a median PFS detriment >3 weeks. This study suggests that maintenance therapy with singleagent bevacizumab may be an appropriate option following induction XELOX plus bevacizumab in mCRC patients., Eduardo Díaz-Rubio, Auxiliadora Gómez-España, Bartomeu Massutí, Javier Sastre, Albert Abad, Manuel Valladares, Fernando Rivera, Maria J.Safont, Purificación Martínez De Prado, Manuel Gallén, Encarnación González, Eugenio Marcuello, Manuel Benavides, Carlos Fernández-Martos, Ferrán Losa, Pilar Escudero, Antonio Arrivi, Andrés Cervantes, Rosario Dueñas, Amelia López-Ladrón, Adelaida Lacasta, Marta Llanos, Jose M. Tabernero, Antonio Antón, Enrique Aranda, and Literatura 29
An unusual combination of median nerve's variations has been encountered in a male cadaver during routine educational dissection. In particular, the median nerve was formed by five roots; three roots originated from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus joined individually the median nerve's medial root. The latter (fourth) root was united with the lateral (fifth) root of the median nerve forming the median nerve distally in the upper arm and not the axilla as usually. In addition, the median nerve was situated medial to the brachial artery. We review comprehensively the relevant variants, their embryologic development and their potential clinical applications. and K. Natsis, G. Paraskevas, M. Tzika
70letá pacientka s generalizovaným nádorem prsu (T4, N1–2, MX, G2) byla v rámci stagingu odeslána na scintigrafii skeletu. Vstupní první vyšetření s 99mTc-MDP (Obr. 1) prokázalo dvě patologická ložiska zvýšené kostní přestavby (lebka, žebro) a bylo interpretováno jako generalizace do skeletu. Pacientka byla léčena chemoterapií (4x EC, 9x TXT). Poté byla provedena mastektomie s exenterací axily a resekcí prsního svalu, následně byl nasazen Tamoxifen. Později byla provedena radioterapie hrudní stěny lineárním urychlovačem (25x, celkem 50 + 16 Gy). Léčbu absolvovala ve stabilizovaném stavu, subjektivně se cítila dobře, efekt terapie byl hodnocen jako velmi dobrý. Kontrolní druhá scintigrafie skeletu (Obr. 2) provedená půl roku po skončení radioterapie prokázala mnohočetná ložiska zejména v lebce, páteři a pánvi, nález byl hodnocen jako výrazná progrese. V léčbě byl přidán denosumab (XGEVA), který však byl po jediné aplikaci vysazen pro nekrózu dolní čelisti. Další kontrolní třetí scintigrafie skeletu (Obr. 3) provedená po 5 měsících prokázala výraznou regresi nálezu, nově se objevilo ložisko v dolní čelisti v důsledku její nekrózy. Nález na kontrolní druhé scintigrafii jsme zpětně hodnotili jako flare fenomén., x, Otto Lang, Ivana Kuníková, and Literatura
We measured energy substrates in haemolymph and flight muscles of the large blister beetle Mylabris oculata at rest and after tethered, lift-generating flight. Flight of 1 min duration at an ambient temperature of 38-42°C did not effect a change in the concentration of lipids in the haemolymph, whereas a small, significant decrease in the concentrations of carbohydrates and a 3-fold larger one in the levels of proline were noted, as well as a concomitant increase in alanine. In the flight muscles, glycogen and proline concentrations were diminished slightly but significantly upon flight, whereas alanine levels were increased. Two hours of rest after a flight of 1 min completely reversed the metabolic situation in haemolymph and flight muscles to pre-flight levels. We could isolate two neuropeptides from the corpora cardiaca of M. oculata, which by retention time and mass analyses are characterised as the decapeptide Del-CC (pGlu-Leu-Asn-Phe-Ser-Pro-Asn-Trp-Gly-Asn-NH2) and the octapeptide Tem-HrTH (pGlu-Leu-Asn-PheSer-Pro-Asn-Trp-NH2) previously fully identified from the corpora cardiaca of the blister beetle, Decapotoma lunata (Gäde, 1995). Subsequently, it was unequivocally demonstrated that low doses of Del-CC and Tem-HrTH elicited increases in the concentration of proline and carbohydrates in the haemolymph of D. lunata and M. oculata, but did not change the concentration of lipids in both species. In conclusion, the two endogenous peptides are hypertrehalosaemic and hyperprolinaemic, thus very likely regulating the mobilisation of the two important flight substrates of blister beetles, namely carbohydrates and proline., Gerd Gäde, Lutz Auerswald, and Lit