The recently announced results from the ICEP2 experiment are intepreted as an indirect observation of inflation gravitational waves. In this article we briefly discuss the cosmic inflation hypothesis, what is the B-mode, how it was measured, and why the polarization of the cosmic microwave background radiation can reveal how strong gravitational waves were present in the universe during this early epoch., Tomáš Ledvinka., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
In the existential sentences of Slavonic languages we can find some interesting deviations from the basic type of Indo-European sentences, ie. "Nominative + concordant Verb", for instance Genitive of negation; in some, especially South Slavonic languages there are examples of the main nominal part of positive existential sentence (ie. name of the existing entity) in Genitive or even (as in Slovenian povsod jo je) in Accusative. These deviations can be of interest for the study of the development of Indo-European syntax, as Miklosich and Potebnya already in the 19th century observed. Relevant in this aspect also is the opposition between autosemantic (existential or possessive) esse and (zero or non zero) copula. This phenomena are here studied from the standpoint of the general opposition between polymorphic and monomorphic structures of the syntactical system.
Let X be a connected closed manifold and f a self-map on X. We say that f is almost quasi-unipotent if every eigenvalue λ of the map f∗k (the induced map on the k-th homology group of X) which is neither a root of unity, nor a zero, satisfies that the sum of the multiplicities of λ as eigenvalue of all the maps f∗k with k odd is equal to the sum of the multiplicities of λ as eigenvalue of all the maps f∗k with k even. We prove that if f is C 1 having finitely many periodic points all of them hyperbolic, then f is almost quasi-unipotent.
Obfuscation is a process that changes the code, but without any change to semantics. This process can be done on two levels. On the binary code level, where the instructions or control flow are modified, or on the source code level, where we can change only a structure of code to make it harder to read or we can make adjustments to reduce chance of successful reverse engineering.
A Banach space $X$ has Pełczyński's property (V) if for every Banach space $Y$ every unconditionally converging operator $T\colon X\to Y$ is weakly compact. H. Pfitzner proved that $C^*$-algebras have Pełczyński's property (V). In the preprint (Krulišová, (2015)) the author explores possible quantifications of the property (V) and shows that $C(K)$ spaces for a compact Hausdorff space $K$ enjoy a quantitative version of the property (V). In this paper we generalize this result by quantifying Pfitzner's theorem. Moreover, we prove that in dual Banach spaces a quantitative version of the property (V) implies a quantitative version of the Grothendieck property., Hana Krulišová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) results in high mortality and has gained increasing attention. C-Phycocyanin (C-PC) has been identified as a potential therapeutic inhibitor for NSCLC, but its underlying mechanism remains obscure. The gene expression of the long noncoding RNA neighbour of BRCAI RNA 2 (NBR2) in NSCLC cells was evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. The cell capacity for proliferation and migration was examined by EdU and wound-healing assays. Furthermore, the viability and apoptosis of cells was measured with CCK-8 and annexin V/PI, respectively. Next, the protein level of activation of adenosine monophosphate- activated protein kinase and the rapamycin kinase (mTOR) signalling pathway-associated molecules was evaluated by western blotting. H292 cells were pre-treated with C-PC or transfected with plasmids encoding NBR2 or the shNBR2 plasmid, to over-express or knock down NBR2 expression, respectively. NBR2 expression was robustly down-regulated in NSCLC cell lines compared with a normal cell line (BEAS-2B). NBR2 over-expression inhibited migration and promoted apoptosis of H292 cells. Treatment of H292 cells with C-PC enhanced NBR2 levels in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Downregulation of NBR2 in H292 cells inhibited the activity of C-PC on cell proliferation, viability and clone formation. Further mechanistic investigation showed that the down-regulation of NBR2 abolished the modulatory effects of C-PC on the AMPK/mTOR signalling pathway. In conclusion, C-PC inhibits H292 cell growth by enhancing the NBR2/AMPK signalling pathway.