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14132. Transnacionalismus a stálost návratu v arménské návratové migraci
- Creator:
- Macková, Lucie
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- return migration, transnationalism, diaspora, reintegration, and Armenia
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Transnationalism and diaspora are concepts that are often intertwined but nonetheless differ. This article examines the link between transnationalism and integration processes among return migrants from the Armenian diaspora and examines the role social networks play in integration in Armenia. Returnees to Armenia can be divided into those who have returned from the Armenian diaspora (second and subsequent generations of migrants) and those who emigrated from Armenia and decided to return. This is reflected in the literature as a distinction between the 'old' and the 'new' Armenian diaspora, the latter having emerged in the 1990s. Before returning, both groups maintained ties with people in Armenia and may differ only by the extent and frequency of use of these ties. These ties can then accompany them when they return to Armenia and help them to (re-)integrate. The integration of returnees has its own specifics, compared to the integration of migrants, and may not be as simple as it might seem. This article focuses on the transnational ties of 23 migrants of Armenian descent who returned to Armenia after a long time abroad and draws on original research on return migration in Armenia conducted in 2016 and 2018. Semi-structured interviews with returnees revealed that their participation in the labour market is instrumental to their integration into mainstream society, and their work may involve transnational activities. The article shows the different opportunities that weak and strong ties provide returnees and that may facilitate their integration. Weak ties on a local level are crucial for returnees to be able to reintegrate and fully participate in life in Armenia. The article aims to understand the return strategy as one of the migration options that may or may not be permanent. A return may be followed by re-migration, under certain conditions and if obstacles to sustainable reintegration, and the article also explores the motivations for re-migration.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
14133. Transnacionalismus, integrace a identifikace: diskuse o proměnlivosti a dynamice sociálních procesů na příkladu studentské migrace z Ukrajiny
- Creator:
- Jirka, Luděk and Leontiyeva, Yana
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Ukraine, student migration, transnationalism, integration, and identification
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- This article deals with Ukrainian student migration and the convergence of integration and transnationalism. Its main focus is the self-identification of young Ukrainians studying in the Czech Republic. The authors explore and describe international students' different integration and transnational dispositions and also discuss whether these dispositions could be seen as part of antagonistic or synergetic processes. The interconnection between transnationalism and integration is widely discussed in both sociological and anthropological literature, and most scholars identify them as synergetic processes. In the case of Ukrainian students in the Czech Republic, however, the authors argue that these processes can be understood as both synergetic and antagonistic because what matters is the students' self-identification. Most of the analysis presented in this article is based on in-depth interviews with Ukrainian students conducted between 2012 and 2019. The results of qualitative research are also compared to and discussed in relation to the findings from an on-line survey conducted among 258 Ukrainian students in 2018. The article suggests that Ukrainian students themselves could incline in both directions, towards an antagonistic and a synergetic understanding of integration and transnationalism, because it depends on their self-expressed dispositions. However, most participants most of the participants in the research express the synergy.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
14134. Transparentní keramika - požehnání pro společenství laserových vědců
- Creator:
- David, Samuel Paul, Navrátil, Petr, Hanuš, Martin, Jambunathan, Venkatesan, Divoký, Martin, Lucianetti, Antonio, and Mocek, Tomáš
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- fyzika, lasery, physics, lasers, 6, and 53
- Language:
- Czech and English
- Description:
- Transparentní keramika se v laserové technice využívá jako matrice aktivních laserových prostředí vysokovýkonových laserů, kde se začala prosazovat od začátku milénia. Díky svým jedinečným vlastnostem je atraktivní alternativou monokrystalů a skel, kdy nachází využití v široké škále oborů a aplikací zahrnujících optiku, vojenství, medicínu, detektory záření a další., Transparent ceramics have been used as matrices for laser gain media of high power lasers since the beginning of this millennium. Thanks to its unique qualities it has become an attractive alternative to glasses and single crystals, finding applications in the field of optics, defence, medical facilities, radiation detectors and many others., Samuel Paul David, Petr Navrátil, Martin Hanuš, Venkatesan Jambunathan, Martin Divoký, Antonio Lucianetti, Tomáš Mocek., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
14135. Transpiration and biomass production of the bioenergy crop Giant Knotweed Igniscum under various supplies of water and nutrients
- Creator:
- Mantovani, Dario, Veste, Maik, Gypser, Stella, Halke, Christian, Koning, Laurie, Freese, Dirk, and Lebzien, Stefan
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- water use efficiency, transpiration coefficient, photosynthesis, nitrogen, ecophysiology, Lysimeter, and Fallopia
- Language:
- Slovak
- Description:
- Soil water availability, nutrient supply and climatic conditions are key factors for plant production. For a sustainable integration of bioenergy plants into agricultural systems, detailed studies on their water uses and growth performances are needed. The new bioenergy plant Igniscum Candy is a cultivar of the Sakhalin Knotweed (Fallopia sachalinensis), which is characterized by a high annual biomass production. For the determination of transpiration-yield relations at the whole plant level we used wicked lysimeters at multiple irrigation levels associated with the soil water availability (25, 35, 70, 100%) and nitrogen fertilization (0, 50, 100, 150 kg N ha-1). Leaf transpiration and net photosynthesis were determined with a portable minicuvette system. The maximum mean transpiration rate was 10.6 mmol m-2 s-1 for well-watered plants, while the mean net photosynthesis was 9.1 µmol m-2 s-1. The cumulative transpiration of the plants during the growing seasons varied between 49 l (drought stressed) and 141 l (well-watered) per plant. The calculated transpiration coefficient for Fallopia over all of the treatments applied was 485.6 l kg-1. The transpiration-yield relation of Igniscum is comparable to rye and barley. Its growth performance making Fallopia a potentially good second generation bioenergy crop.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
14136. Transverse vibration analysis of a prestressed thin circular plate in contact with an acoustic cavity
- Creator:
- Gorman, Daniel G., Lee, Chee K., Craighead, Ian A., and Horáček, Jaromír
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- vibrations, vibro-acoustic interaction, and structural / acoustic
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- This paper describes the free transverse vibration analysis of a thin circular plate, subjected to in plane stretching, whilst in interaction with a cylindrical acoustic cavity. An analysis is performed which combines the equations describing the plate and the acoustic cavity to form a matrix equation which, when solved, produces the natural frequencies (latent roots) of the coupled system and associated latent vectors which describe the mode shape coefficients of the plate. After assessing the numerical convergence of the method, results are compared with those from a commercial finite element code (ANSYS). The results analysis is then extended to investigate the effect of stressing upon the free vibration of the coupled system. and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
14137. Trávení volného času v České republice ve srovnání s evropskými zeměmi
- Creator:
- Jiří Šafr and Věra Patočková
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Společenské vědy, výzkum veřejného mínění, public opinion polls, leisure, life style, Czech Republic, Europe, 18, and 3
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Stať se zabývá trávením volného času. Nejprve uvádíme význam trávení volného času a odpovídající sociologickými koncepty. V empirické části analyzujeme data z mezinárodního výzkumu ISSP 2007 – Volný čas a sport. Popisujeme frekvenci 13 volnočasových aktivit a spolu s vnímanými funkce volného času je srovnáváme s 18 evropskými zeměmi. V následující části nejprve pomocí klastrové analýzy rozkrýváme strukturu volnočasových aktivit v České republice, identifikovány byly tři hlavní životní styly: (1) kulturní a sportovní aktivity mimo domov typické pro mladou generaci, (2) nakupování, navštěvování příbuzných, sledování TV a čtení příznačnou pro ženy a (3) domácí práce/kutilství charakteristické pro muže. Na závěr pomocí multinominální logistické regrese identifikujeme nositele těchto životních stylů z hlediska sociodemografických charakteristik., The article focuses on leisure activities in the Czech Republic. After the introductory part defining leisure and its functions, data from the international research ISSP 2007 Leisure and Sport are analyzed. Frequencies of 13 leisure acti - vities and perceived functions of leisure are described and the Czech results are briefly compared with the average of 18 European countries. Then attention is paid to the structure of leisure activities in the Czech society. Three main leisure clus - ters, i.e. types of lifestyle, were identified: (1) cultural and sporting activities outside home, (2) “female” culture (shopping, watching TV, reading books and visiting relatives), (3) “home-loving” style of life (doing handicrafts and do-it-yourself). The main sociodemographic characteristics of their followers are delineated using multinominal logistic regression., and Jiří Šafr, Věra Patočková.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
14138. Treated wastewater irrigation effects on soil hydraulic conductivity and aggregate stability of loamy soils in Israel
- Creator:
- Schacht, Karsten and Marschner, Bernd
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- hydraulic conductivity, soil aggregate stability, irrigation, treated wastewater, and Israel
- Language:
- Slovak
- Description:
- The use of treated wastewater (TWW) for agricultural irrigation becomes increasingly important in water stressed regions like the Middle East for substituting fresh water (FW) resources. Due to elevated salt concentrations and organic compounds in TWW this practice has potential adverse effects on soil quality, such as the reduction of hydraulic conductivity (HC) and soil aggregate stability (SAS). To assess the impact of TWW irrigation in comparison to FW irrigation on HC, in-situ infiltration measurements using mini disk infiltrometer were deployed in four different long-term experimental orchard test sites in Israel. Topsoil samples (0-10 cm) were collected for analyzing SAS and determination of selected soil chemical and physical characteristics. The mean HC values decreased at all TWW sites by 42.9% up to 50.8% compared to FW sites. The SAS was 11.3% to 32.4% lower at all TWW sites. Soil electrical conductivity (EC) and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) were generally higher at TWW sites. These results indicate the use of TWW for irrigation is a viable, but potentially deleterious option, as it influences soil physical and chemical properties.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
14139. Treatment with methyl jasmonate alleviates the effects of paraquat on photosynthesis in barley plants
- Creator:
- Hristova, V. A. and Popova, L. P.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- barley, catalase, chlorophyll, glycolate oxidase, Hordeum vulgare, methyl jasmonate, paraquat, phosphoglycolate phosphatase, photorespiration, ribulose-1,5 bisphosphate carboxylase, and transpiration rate
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- Twelve-day-old barley seedlings were supplied with 23 μM methyl jasmonate (MeJA) or 10 μM paraquat (Pq) via the transpiration stream and kept in the dark for 24 h. Then they were exposed to 100 μmol m-2 s-1 PAR and samples were taken 1, 2, 3, and 6 h after irradiation. Treatment of seedlings with MeJA alone resulted in decreased content of chlorophyll (Chl), and net photosynthetic (PN) and transpiration rates. Pq treatment led to a decrease in Chl content and to a very strong inhibition of PN, the effects were manifested by 1 h of irradiation. Pq treatment did not affect the activity of ribulose-1,5 bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBPC, EC 4.1.1.39) but increased the activity of the photorespiratory enzymes phosphoglycolate phosphatase (PGP, EC 3.1.3.18), glycolate oxidase (GO, EC 1.1.3.1), and catalase (EC 1.11.1.6). Pre-treatment of seedlings with MeJA before exposure to Pq fully blocked the inhibitory effect of Pq on photosynthesis and protected against subsequent Pq-induced oxidative damage. and V. A. Hristova, L. P. Popova.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
14140. Treatment-related naturalization premiums in two European countries: evaluation and comparison
- Creator:
- Sargsyan, Vahan, Zápal, Jan, Univerzita Karlova. Centrum pro ekonomický výzkum a doktorské studium, and Národohospodářský ústav (Akademie věd ČR)
- Publisher:
- CERGE-EI
- Format:
- electronic, svazek, and 31 stran : grafy.
- Type:
- model:monograph and TEXT
- Subject:
- Práce, imigranti, naturalizace, integrace imigrantů, trh práce, immigrants, naturalization, integration of immigrants, labor market, Francie, Dánsko, France, Denmark, 314.151.3-054.72, 342.711, 364-786-054.72, 331.5, (44), (489), (048.8), 4, and 331
- Language:
- English and Czech
- Description:
- Vahan Sargsyan., Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy, České a anglické resumé, and born digital
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public