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2472. Criminals and the price system: evidence from Czech metal thieves
- Creator:
- Brabenec, Tomáš, Montag, Josef, Univerzita Karlova, and Národohospodářský ústav (Akademie věd ČR)
- Publisher:
- CERGE-EI
- Format:
- electronic, bez média, svazek, and 32 stran : ilustrace.
- Type:
- model:monograph and TEXT
- Subject:
- Ekonomie, kriminalita, ekonomické aspekty, crime, economic aspects, 343.3/.7, 33, (437.3), (048.8), and 4
- Language:
- English and Czech
- Description:
- Tomáš Brabenec, Josef Montag., Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy, and České a anglické resumé
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
2473. Criminals on the field: a study of college football
- Creator:
- Janhuba, Radek and Čechová, Kristýna
- Publisher:
- CERGE-EI
- Format:
- electronic, svazek, and 44 stran.
- Type:
- model:monograph and TEXT
- Subject:
- Sport. Hry. Tělesná cvičení, americký fotbal, fotbaloví rozhodčí, násilí ve sportu, sportovní pravidla, american football, soccer referees, violence in sports, sports rules, 796.333.7, 796.332.072.4, 316.624:796/799, 796.063, (048.8), 20, and 796
- Language:
- English and Czech
- Description:
- Radek Janhuba, Kristýna Čechová., Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy, and České a anglické resumé
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
2474. Cristo Redentor z pohledu botanického
- Creator:
- Miloslav Studnička
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Biologické vědy, botanika, rostlinné endemity, fyziologie rostlin, botany, native plants, plant physiology, Brazílie, Brasil, Corcovado, Tijuca, 2, and 57/59
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Článek přibližuje botanickou exkurzi do Brazílie na horu Corcovado (710 m n. m.), nacházející se u pobřeží Atlantského oceánu, na vrcholu se sochou Krista Vykupitele (Cristo Redentor). Území leží v národním parku Tijuca, který byl zřízen na ochranu tropického deštného lesa, zde nazývaného mata atlântica (atlantský les). Autor představuje některé významné skupiny zdejší flóry, vybrané endemické taxony či rostliny se zajímavou životní strategií., This article presents a botanical excursion up Mount Corcovado (710 m a. s. l.) on the Atlantic coast of Brazil, with the statue of Christ the Redeemer (Cristo Redentor) at the top. The territory belongs to the Tijuca National Park, established to protect the tropical rain forest - called mata atlântica (Atlantic forest). Several important groups of local flora, selected endemic taxons and also plants with interesting life strategies are presented here., and Miloslav Studnička.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
2475. Criteria for selecting fluorescent dye tracers for soil hydrological applications using Uranine as an example
- Creator:
- Gerke, Kirill M., Sidle, Roy C., and Mallants, Dirk
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- staining, preferential flow paths visualization, molar extinction coefficient, tracer concentration quantification, and vadose zone hydrology
- Language:
- Slovak
- Description:
- Calibrating and verifying 2-D and 3-D vadose zone flow and transport models requires detailed information on water and solute redistribution. Among the different water flow and mass transfer determination methods, staining tracers have the best spatial resolution allowing visualization and quantification of fluid flow including preferential flow paths. Staining techniques have been used successfully for several decades; however, the hydrological community is still searching for an “ideal” vadose zone tracer regarding flow path visualization. To date, most research using staining dyes is carried out with Brilliant Blue FCF. Fluorescent dyes such as Uranine, however, have significant advantages over nonfluorescents which makes them a promising alternative. This paper presents the first analysis of key properties any fluorescent substance must possess to qualify as a staining fluorescent tracer in vadose zone hydrological applications. First, we summarize the main physico-chemical properties of Uranine and evaluate its staining tracer potential with conventional suitability indicators and visibility testing in a soil profile. Based on numerical analysis using the theory of fluorescence, we show that a low molar absorption coefficient is a crucial parameter to quantify concentration accurately. In addition, excitation of a tracer on wavelengths different from the maximum excitation wavelength can extend the linear range of the concentration-fluorescence relationship significantly. Finally, we develop criteria for evaluating the suitability of any potential fluorescent soil staining compound for soil hydrological applications: 1) high quantum yield, 2) low molar absorption coefficient, 3) fluorescence independent of temperature, 4) low photodecomposition rates, and 5) fluorescence stable across a wide range of pH values.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
2476. Critical buckling stress of patch loading
- Creator:
- Baláž, Ivan and Koleková, Yvona
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- patch loading, elastic critical stress, buckling coefficient, and parametrical study
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Elastic critical buckling stress of the plate girder subjected to transverse force is calculated. The load is applied through the flange and resisted by shear forces in the web. Comparisons of values of buckling coefficient kσ,b = f (α, β) (Tab.2) obtained by 5 various authors: Petersen, von Berg, Ravinger, Kutzelnigg, Protte (Tab. 1) and calculated by computer program PLII (Tab. 2). Simply supported rectangular plate (a - length, b - width, t - thickness) without flanges and stiffeners is investigated for different aspect ratios α = a/b = 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 8; 10; 20; 30; 40 when subjected to transverse uniformly distributed partial load having relative load lengths β = c/a = 0.005 (single concentrated force); 0.2; 0.4; 0.6; 0.7; 0.8; 1 (uniformly distributed load along a). The values of buckling coeffficient kσ,b = f (α, β, δ) calculated by program PLII (Tab. 3). Parametrical study of simply suppported rectangular plate without stiffeners with α = a/b = 4; 5; 8; 10; 20; 30; 40, β = c/a = 0.005 (single concentrated force); 0.01; 0.05; 0.1; 0.2; 0.3; 0.4 and different relative normal flange rigidity δ = Af / (b t) = 0 (without flange); 0.3; 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2; 3. Torsional rigidity of the flanges is not taken into account. and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
2477. Critical conditions of pressurized pipes
- Creator:
- Gajdoš, Ľubomír and Šperl, Martin
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- pressurized pipe, J-integral, C factor, and critical conditions
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- A single fracture-mechanics based method is described for assessing a part-through crack in the wall of a pipe subjected to internal pressure of liquid and/or gas. The method utilizes simple approximate expressions for determining the fracture parameters K, J, and employs these parameters to determine critical dimensions of crack on the basis of equality between the J-integral and the J-based fracture toughness of the pipe steel. The crack tip constraint is accounted by the so-called plastic constraint factor C, by which the uniaxial yield stress in the J. integral equation is multiplied. The results of the prediction of the fracture condition are verified by burst tests on test pipes. and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
2478. Critical responses of photosynthetic efficiency of goldspur apple tree to soil water variation in semiarid loess hilly area
- Creator:
- Zhang, S. Y., Zhang, G. C. , Gu, S. Y., Xia, J. B., and Zhao, J. K.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- botanika, botany, critical efficiency, goldspur apple tree, loess hilly area, photosynthetic efficiency, and soil water content
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- Goldspur apple (Malus pumila cv. Goldspur) is one of the main fruit trees planted in semiarid loess hilly areas. The photosynthetic efficiency in leaves of eight-year-old trees were studied under different soil water conditions with a Li-6400 portable photosynthesis system and a Li-Cor1600 portable steady state porometer in order to explore the effects of soil water stress on photosynthesis and the suitable soil water content (SWC) for water-saving irrigation of apple orchards. The results showed that the leaf net photosynthetic rate (P N), transpiration rate (E), water-use efficiency (WUE), stomatal conductance (gs), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), and stomatal limiting value (Ls) displayed different threshold responses to soil water variation. When SWC was within a range of about 60%-86% of field capacity (FC), PN and E were maintained in a relative steady state. At an elevated level but below 60% of FC, both PN and E decreased evidently with decreasing soil moisture. The SWC needed to support WUE in a relatively steady state and at a high level was in the range of about 50%-71% of FC. When SWC was less than 48% of FC, g s and Ls declined with decreasing soil moisture, while Ci increased rapidly. Based on the analysis of the stomatal limitation of photosynthesis using two criteria (Ci and Ls) suggested by Farquhar and Sharkey, it was implied that the predominant cause of restricting PN had changed from stomatal limitation to nonstomatal one under severe water stress. In terms of water-saving irrigation for enhancing water-use efficiency, it was concluded that in semiarid loess hilly areas, the suitable range of SWC for water-saving irrigation in goldspur apple orchards is in the range of about 50%-71% of FC, and the most severe degree of soil water stress tolerated for photosynthesis is about 48% of FC. and S. Y. Zhang ... [et al.].
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
2479. Crop water supply and its relation to yield of spring wheat in the south of Russian plain
- Creator:
- Shumová, Nadezhda
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- soil water, crop yield, transpiration, Southern Russian Plains, pôdna voda, úroda, transpirácia, and Juhoruské nížiny
- Language:
- Slovak
- Description:
- The proposed method to estimate water supply of spring wheat crop is based on the ratio of the water amount extracted by plants under actual conditions of growth (transpiration) to cover needs for maximum (potential) yield (potential transpiration). Estimates of spatial, inter- and intra-annual water supply variability of the spring wheat crop in basic agricultural zones are given. Dependence of the spring wheat yield on water supply is presented. and Navrhnutá metóda určenia zásobovania porastu jarnej pšenice vodou je založená na určení pomeru množstva vody odobratého koreňmi rastlín (transpirácia) k potenciálnej transpirácii, ktorá je podmienkou maximálnej (potenciálnej) úrody. Práca obsahuje údaje o priestorovej, ročnej a medziročnej variabilite transpirácie jarnej pšenice v základných poľnohospodárskych oblastiach, ako aj závislosť úrod jarnej pšenice na zásobovaní porastu vodou (transpirácii).
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
2480. Cross-talk between nitric oxide and HSP70 in the antihypotensive effect of adaptation to heat
- Creator:
- Malyshev, I. Yu., Bayda, L. A., Trifonov, A. I., Larionov, N. P., Kubrina, L. D., Mikoyan, V. D., Vanin, A. F., and Manukhina, E. B.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, oxid dusnatý, adaptace (biologie), hypotenze, nitrous oxide, adaptation (biology), hypotension, heat shock protein, heat shock, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- In this work, we evaluated the effect of adaptation to heat on the fall of blood pressure (BP) induced by heat shock (HS) and the interrelation between nitric oxide (NO) and heat shock protein, HSP70. Experiments were carried out on Wistar rats. It was shown that HS resulted in a generalized and transient increase in NO production (the electron paramagnetic resonance method) and a fall of BP from 113± 3 to 88± 1 mm Hg (?<0.05). Adaptation to heat itself did not affect BP, but completely prevented the NO overproduction and hypotension induced by HS. The adaptation simultaneously increased the brain NO-synthase content and induced HSP70 synthesis (the Western blot analysis) in various organs. Both the antihypotensive effects of adaptation and HSP70 accumulation were completely prevented by L-NNA, an inhibitor of NO synthesis, or quercetin, an inhibitor of HSP70 synthesis. The data suggest that adaptation to heat stimulates NO synthesis and NO activates synthesis of HSP70. HSP70, which hampers NO overproduction, thus restricts the BP fall induced by heat shock., I. Yu. Malyshev, L.A. Bayda, A.I. Trifonov, N.P. Larionov, L.D. Kubrina, V.D. Mikoyan, A.F. Vanin, E.B. Manukhina., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public