The cyber sphere forms a fifth domain of activities were interactions between state and non-state actors could happen. It starts to play an important role within the conflicts and hostilities. Especially in these situations, international society does not have a unified view on the question how to deal with the activities in cyberspace. We could see the different forms of abuse of cyberspace also within the crisis in Ukraine. This crisis is a good example of the complexity of the legal approach and the (non)capability of the legal understanding of cyber operations and attacks. The goal of this article is to highlight this complexity and to determine the status of cyber incidents realized in the Ukraine from the perspective of international law., Jozef Valuch, Ondrej Hamuľák., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
A new species of Acanthochondria Oakley, 1927 (Copepoda, Poecilostomatoida, Chondracanthidae), parasitic on Serranus auriga (Cuvier) from the Argentinean coastal zone, is described and illustrated. The new species differs from its congeners by the relative length of the neck and the protopod of leg 2. This is the second record of this genus for the South-eastern Atlantic and the first one from a serranid host.
The following acanthocolpid species are reported from New Caledonia. Acaenodera nautili sp. n. from Conger cinereus Rüppel differs from other Acaenodera species in details of the body-spination, the sucker-ratio and the bipartite seminal vesicle; Stephanostomum murielae sp. n. from Carangoides hedlandensis (Whitley) differs from most species of Stephanostomum in the average of 36 circum-oral spines, the circum-oral spine rows with a ventral hiatus and the anterior extent of the vitellarium being >10% of the hindbody length from ventral sucker. The species is distinguished from the three other species with these characters in a detailed review. The other species reported are: Stephanostomum aaravi Bray et Cribb, 2003 from Lethrinus miniatus and L. rubrioperculatus; Stephanostomum ditrematis (Yamaguti, 1939) from Gnathanodon speciosus; Stephanostomum japonocasum Durio et Manter, 1969 from Cephalopholis urodeta, Epinephelus areolatus, E. chlorostigma, E. maculatus, E. retouti, Lethrinus miniatus and Variola louti; Stephanostomum uku Yamaguti, 1970 and Pleorchis uku Yamaguti, 1970 from Aprion virescens.
Knowledge of the forces affecting mostly the description of the artificial satellites motion is very important task at present. This is valid especially for the forces of the non-gravitational origin. Their description is done at best via the in-situ measurements of their dynamlcs manifestations, i.e., to use the high-sensitive microaccelerometers. We already built and proved one such a device consisting of a cubic proof-mass free-flowing within an external cubic cavity. Our accelerometer has been succesfully tested on the RESOURCE F-1 satellite on June 1992. A project
of another experiment is now being prepared under the náme of
”CESAR” with a participation of five central-European countries. The launch of the proposed satellite is envisaged for 1997.
When the nodes or links of communication networks are destroyed,
its effectiveness decreases. Thus, we must design the communication network as stable as possible, not only with respect to the initial disruption, but also with respect to the possible reconstruction of the network. A graph is considered as a modeling network, many graph theoretic parameters have been ušed to describe the stability of communication networks, including connectivity, integrity, tenacity. Several of these deal with two fundamental questions about the resulting graph. How many vertices can still communicate? How difficult is it to reconnect the graph? Stability numbers of a graph measure its durability respect to break down. The neighbour-integrity of a graph is a measure of graph vulnerability. In the neighbour-integrity, it is considered that any failure vertex effects its neighbour vertices. In this work, we define the accessible sets and accessibility number and we consider the neighbour-integrity of Generalised Petersen graphs and the relation with its accessibility number.