The activity of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is increased after alcohol consumption and can contribute to an increased level of HDL-cholesterol, which is considered to play a key role in the ethanol-mediated protective effect against cardiovascular disease. The increase in HDL-cholesterol concentration can be also due to an ethanol-enhanced synthesis and secretion of apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) from hepatocytes. Therefore, the hypothesis that ethanol consumption affects the LPL and apo A-I gene (LPL and APOA1, respectively) expression was tested in male C57BL/6 mice drinking 5 % ethanol or water and fed a standard chow or high-fat (HF) diet for 4 weeks. The LPL expression was determined in the heart, epididymal and dorsolumbal adipose tissues, the APOA1 expression in the liver. Alcohol consumption did not affect lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in the serum. The LPL expression was increased in the heart of mice given ethanol and HF diet compared to mice on chow and ethanol (p<0.001) and was also increased in epididymal fat in mice given ethanol and HF diet compared to mice on water and HF diet (p<0.05). Neither LPL expression in dorsolumbal fat nor APOA1 expression in the liver were affected by ethanol consumption. Our data suggest that ethanol consumption upregulate LPL expression in a tissue- and diet-dependent manner., E. Mudráková, J. Kovář., and Obsahuje bibiografii a bibliografické odkazy
The study is focused on Ethiopia and its relationship with several parts of the world, including Western Europe, the former Czechoslovakia, the United States of America and the League of Nations before the Italian invasion. Based on analytical-synthetical methodology, I have examined the real position of Ethiopia i.e. how Ethiopia was perceived or imagined in different parts of the world. In addition I have examined whether Haile Sellassie could have prevented the Italian army from invading. This was the point at which the myth of Ethiopia as the last independent country of Africa was destroyed. Some important materials, which deal with the substance of out subject, are analyzed, including primary sources written by travelers, diplomats, journalists or scholars. The main argument is that the image of Ethiopia gradually shifted from a negative one to a positive one as the war became increasingly inevitable. Without the Italian invasion, Ethiopia would have probably remained, for the most ot the world, as simply a country where slavery prevailed or where barbarians had lived since this was the major image of Ethiopia which was held in Europe at that time.