Laryngeal electromyography is used in the evaluation of vocal cord paralysis to confirm the diagnosis, to guide the diagnostic work-up for etiology, to provide prognostic information and to help choose the correct treatment for the patient. Cardiovocal syndrome is characterised by vocal cord paralysis due to a cardiovascular disease. A wide spectrum of conditions can result in this syndrome. Here we present a case of cardiovocal syndrome in association with primary pulmonary hypertension. Laryngeal electromyography was used to guide the work-up of differential diagnosis and also for further intervention with respect to vocal cord paralysis in this patient. and S. Akbulut, R. Inan, M. G. Demir, D. Cakan,
The aim of the present study is to trace an interpretation of Rousseau’s novel Julie ou la Nouvelle Heloise on the basis of the difference between love and friendship. Starting with a brief reminder of Paul de Man’s interpretation of this novel in Allegories of Reading, the author turns to Jacques Derrida and borrows a key neologism from his book The Politics of Friendship: aimance or lovence, an affective modality which blurs and transcends the duality of love and friendship. On this basis, the author presents a few remarks concerning the literary form of the novel, the configuration of its characters and finally the place of Rousseau’s Julie in the context of his other works. Rather than being an isolated literary work, Julie seems to be an attempt to answer certain questions concerning the relation between individual and society from a different angle than that chosen in The Social Contract., Etienne Balibar ; překlad Josef Fulka., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Aspergillus sp. are ubiquitous mould infections and in most patients, the source is presumed to be air-borne infections during surgical procedures. Prevention of these infections requires special attention of ventilation systems in operating rooms. Post-operative aspergillosis occurs mainly in immunocompromised patients as well as those who receive corticosteroids temporarily. We report a case of a 71-year-old immunocompromised patient who developed multiple lower limb embolisms due to Aspergillus niger originating from an aortitis of the ascending aorta nine months following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery., S. Oaleed Noordally, Schoeb Sohawon, David De Bels, Ruth Duttmann, Philippe Gottignies, Jacques Devriendt, and Literatura 3
Capsular bag distension syndrome is a very rare complication of cataract surgery. Most cases occur after uneventful phacoemulsification with continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis and implantation of an intraocular lens in the capsular bag. The entity presents with reduction of visual acuity and myopic shift in the early-to-late postoperative period. Characteristic findings include the distension of the capsular bag due to the accumulation of milky material and the forward displacement of the intraocular lens. We present two cases with an unusually delayed presentation of 6 and 8 years respectively following phacoemulsification, and describe their successful management with Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy. and P. Zafeiropoulos, A. Katsanos, K. Gorgoli, I. Asproudis, M. Aspiotis
Extrakty z rostlin jsou důležitým zdrojem většího počtu klinicky používaných protinádorových léčiv. Většina působí jako konvenční cytostatika modulující mikrotubuly (vinkristin, vinblastin, taxany), nebo inhibitory topoizomeráz jako např. deriváty epipodofylotoxinu a kamptotecinu (etopozid, irinotecan). Z rostlin či mořských organizmů jsou odvozeny také látky s účinkem na cílené nitrobuněčné struktury (flavopiridol, kombrestatin aj). Řada látek obsažených v ovoci a zelenině může interferovat z různými etapami kancerogeneze. Je uveden stručný přehled těchto chemopreventivních substancí., Plant derived compounds have been an important source of many clinically useful anti-cancer agents. These include drugs acting as conventional cytostatics, such as microtubule modifiers (vincristin, vinblastin, taxanes), or topoisomerase inhibitors, such as epipodophyllotoxin and camptothecin derivatives (etoposid, irinotecan). From plant or marine organisms derived also drugs against cancer-related molecular targets (flavopiridol, combrestatin etc.), which are under clinical or preclinical development. Numerous phytochemicals derived from edible plants have been reported to interfere with a specific stage of the carcinogenic process. These chemopreventive phytochemicals are shortly reviewed., Pavel Klener, Pavel Klener jr., and Literatura
LDL-aferéza je extrakorporální eliminační metodika, která usiluje o pokud možno specifické odstranění LDL-cholesterolu z cirkulující krve. V současnosti je používáno 6 účinných metod k selektivnímu odstranění LDL-cholesterolu. Mezi hlavní indikace k léčbě LDL-aferézou patří diagnózy homozygotní familiární hypercholesterolemie, heterozygotní familiární hypercholesterolemie refrakterní nebo při intoleranci k standardní léčbě, a dále pacienti se zvýšením lipoproteinu(a) refrakterní nebo intolerantní k farmakoterapii. Dosud však není jednoty o tom, jaká hladina LDL-cholesterolu je rozhodující pro zahájení LDL-aferézy, názory se liší i v jednotlivých státech. I když neexistují klasické velké randomizované studie, existuje dostatečný počet dobře řízených studií k tomu, aby v celém světě bylo uznáváno, že je efekt LDL-aferézy na kardiovaskulární prognózu u závažné hypercholesterolemie významný., LDL-apheresis is an extracorporeal elimination technique, which specifically removes LDL-cholesterol from the circulation. There are six methods for the selective LDL-cholesterol removal these days. The main indications for LDL-apheresis are the diagnosis of homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia which is refractory the standard care and intolerance of routine care, and also patients with lipoprotein(a) increase resistant to the farmacotherapy. There is still debate which LDL-cholesterolemia is indication for LDL-apheresis therapy, and the recommendation differs among various countries. Despite large randomized trials are missing, there are several good quality studies to conclude, that the beneficial cardiovascular effects of LDL-apheresis in severe hypercholesterolemia are important and beneficial, and Vladimír Bláha, Milan Bláha, Miriam Lánská, Eduard Havel, Pavel Vyroubal, Zdeněk Zadák, Pavel Žák, Luboš Sobotka
Prevalence obezity narůstá ve všech věkových skupinách ve většině zemí Evropské unie. Mnoho pacientů s obezitou má již v anamnéze několik úspěšných pokusů o redukci hmotnosti, ale velmi málo pacientů si je schopno následně pokles váhy udržet po delší časové období. Zahájení léčby agonisty receptoru pro GLP1 (GLP1 RA) během váhového poklesu snižuje zvýšenou hladinu solubilních leptinových receptorů, zvyšuje hladinu volného leptinu, a tímto mechanizmem snižuje riziko následného vzestupu váhy. Oproti tomu zahájení inzulinové terapie u pacientů s diabetem 2. typu je často provázeno váhovým přírůstkem. Léčba GLP1 RA vede k redukci HbA1c a současně k poklesu váhy, představuje proto nadějnou alternativu k léčbě bazálním inzulinem. Až budoucnost nám ukáže, zda nebudeme častěji indikovat GLP1 RA spíše jako antiobezitika než antidiabetika., The prevalence of obesity continues to be increasing in all age groups in most countries of the European Union (EU). Many obese people have a history of several successful weight losses, but very few are able to maintain the weight loss over a longer period of time. Initiation of the GLP1 RA administration during weight loss maintenance would inhibit weight loss-induced increases in soluble leptin receptor plasma concentrations resulting in higher level of free leptin thereby preventing weight regain. In contrast initiation of insulin treatment in type 2 diabetes patients is frequently accompanied with weight gain. The GLP1 administration results in HbA1c decrease accompanied with weight loss, presents attractive alternative to basal insulin. The question remains to be answered in the future, if the GLP1 RA administration is generally more frequently started in antiobese than antidiabetes implication., and Petr Žák, Jindřich Olšovský