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292. Mencius o lidské přirozenosti a vládě lidskosti
- Creator:
- Myšička, Stanislav
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Filozofie, Mencius, asi 372 př. Kr.-asi 289 př. Kr, filozofie, konfucianismus, čínská filozofie, politika, philosophy, Confucianism, Chinese philology, politics, 5, and 101
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- This study aims to interpret Mencius' political thinking taking as the starting point his doctrine of human nature. Each individual is capable of the moral self-cultivation of his or her innately good human nature, but in this task the individual requires adequate conditions and education. Political power is able to ensure this (and it is, indeed, one of its main asks to do so), but it can also, on the contrary, contribute, in a fundamental way, to the decadence of the state and society. The result of inadequate and ineffective application of political power is a growing crisis in society, especially in the area of inter-personal relations and moral conduct. Mencius' ideal is a relatively small and effective state that looks after its inhabitants and which does not unduly intervene in the social organism. War is understood, by him, as a great evil which is justifiably used only when putting-down an uprising or in self-defence. Generally, Mencius' political thought is characterized by the thought that the virtuous ruler will have, by dint of his strength of character, not only spiritual but also purely practical political successes., Stanislav Myšička., and Obsahuje poznámky a bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
293. Merleau-Pontyho ontologická interpretace Husserlova pojetí těla jako „dvojité jednoty”
- Creator:
- Jan Halák
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Filozofie, Husserl, Edmund, 1859-1938, Merleau-Ponty, Maurice, 1908-1961, ontologie (filozofie), mysl a tělo, ontology, mind and body, flesh (chair), perceiving one's own body, 5, and 101
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Merleau-Ponty holds that Husserl's descriptions of the body go beyond the conceptual framework of subject-object ontology to which his philosophy is usually thought to conform. Merleau-Ponty says of is own philosophy that it is founded on the circularity in the body; that is, on the fact that the perceptivity and perception of the body are, from the ontological point of view, one and the same. The inseparability of these two aspects of the body he calls flesh (chair). According to Husserl, I perceive my body such that in a certain perceived object I also understand sensations roused by the perception of that object - I observe the "consequential parallel" between two series of objective and subjective phenomena. Husserl argues that the unity of the body should be expressed as a double unity, and the body as a subject-object. In this article I analyse Husserl's example of two hands of the same body touching each other and, in agreement with Merleau-Ponty's philosophy, I attempt to show that the body can appear to itself as an object only on the basis of a differentiation of the body as of a certain field of perceiving. The body as a double unity of subject and object is therefore grounded in the body as a pre-objective and pre-subjective field; that is, in flesh as Merleau-Ponty understands it. This is also the point of departure for and original conception of ontology as we find it in his later philosophy., Jan Halák., and Obsahuje poznámky a bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
294. Metoda jako sebevztah pojmu: K Hegelovu pojetí dialektické metody
- Creator:
- Jindřich Karásek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Filozofie, filozofie, philosophy, Dialectic, subjectivity, concept, 5, and 101
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- The work is a contribution to the understanding of the structure and status of Hegel’s dialectic methods. In accordance with other commentators (Cramer, Düssing, Henrich, Horstmann), the author propounds the interpretation of Hegel’s logic as a theory of subjectivity sui generis. In a critical response to an article by H. F. Fulda, the author attempts to demonstrate that Hegel’s use of the term “pure determination of thought” (and similar terms) and their mentalistic interpretation do not imply a psychologisation of Hegel’s logic., Jindřich Karásek., and Obsahuje poznámky a bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
295. Metodická priorita fenomenologického pole v transformativní fenomenologii
- Creator:
- Martin Nitsche
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Filozofie, filozofie, philosophy, Heidegger, “Contributions to Philosophy” (“Beiträge zur Philosophie”), phenomenological field, transformative phenomenology, phenomenological topology, 5, and 101
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- This study takes the form of a response to Martin Ritter’s review article on my book From enowning. A phenomenological interpretation of Heidegger’s “Contributions to Philosophy” (Beiträge zur Philosophie). In its subject-matter it focuses on the key points of Ritter’s critique: on the theme of the phenomenological field and the related methodological priority of intentionality, on the status of the centre, and briefly also on the reduction of historicity in my interpretation of Heidegger. This study, when taken as a whole, is not meant as a dispute over a particular book, but as a discussion of the nature of phenomenology and of the scope of the phenomenological method to which Heidegger leads us in his Contributions to Philosophy (Beiträge zur Philosophie). The account concentrates on the theme of the methodological opening-up of the phenomenological field, and on the possibility of its topological interpretation. The opening-up of the phenomenological field is, at the same time, interpreted as the determining feature of phenomenological philosophy and the common element in Husserl’s and Heidegger’s use of the phenomenological method., Martin Nitsche., and Obsahuje poznámky a bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
296. Michael Ruse, Charles Darwin: Filosofické aspekty Darwinových myšlenek
- Creator:
- Anna Lukešová
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- filozofie, philosophy, 5, and 101
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- [autor recenze] Anna Lukešová.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
297. Michael Van Dussen, From England to Bohemia. Heresy and Communication in the Later Middle Ages
- Creator:
- František Šmahel
- Format:
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- 14.-15. století, reformace, husitství, hereze, stát a církev, reformation, Hussitism, heresies, church and state, Anglie, Česko, England, Czechia, 5, and 27-9
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- [autor recenze] František Šmahel.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
298. Miesto feminizmu v tradícii sociálnej práce
- Creator:
- Bosá, Monika
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- feminismus, sociální práce, sociální hnutí, dějiny sociální práce, ženské hnutí, feminism, social work, social movements, history of social work, women's movement, tradition of social work, social work movement, "Mothers" of social work, 5, and 14
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- The paper explores the close connection between social work and feminist movement and theory. He tradition and history of social work are incomplete without social workers - women activists. he aim of the paper is to examine the historical context of the professionalization of social work in close connection with the irst wave of feminism, and to interrogate positions which refuse feminist approaches in social work as marginal, ideological - not objective, or curious and even dangerous, improper. Women’s movement is one of the sources of development and professionalization of social work. Political and social activism of many outstanding women - “Mothers“ of social work - was an integral part of their professional career. his aspect of their lives is, however, all too often “forgotten“ in textbooks. he importance of pride, roots and the tradition is a fundamental aspect for every social work graduate and practitioner, especially as the status of social work in society has been falling., Monika Bosá., Poznámky, Obsahuje bibliografii, and Abstrakt a klíčová slova anglicky
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
299. Milan Hlinomaz, Dějiny kláštera premonstrátek Chotěšov
- Creator:
- Kremer, Jan
- Format:
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Klášter Chotěšov, církevní dějiny, premonstrátské kláštery, řeholnice, church history, Premonstratensian monasteries, nuns, Chotěšov (Plzeň-jih, Česko), Chotěšov (Plzeň-jih, Czechia), 5, and 27-78
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- [autor recenze] Jan Kremer.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
300. Miloš Anděra: Cesty Severem - krajina a příroda Fennoskandie
- Format:
- Type:
- article, pozvánky, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Přírodní vědy. Matematické vědy, výstavy, krajina, příroda, Fennoskandinávie, 6, and 5
- Language:
- Czech
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public