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10092. Traditional risk factors of acute coronary syndrome in four different male populations - total cholesterol value does not seem to be relevant risk factor
- Creator:
- Jaroslav Hubáček, Vladimír Staněk, Gebauerová, M., Věra Adámková, Lesauskaite, V., Zaliaduonyte-Peksiene, D., Tamosiunas, A., Supiyev, A., Kossumov, A., Zhumadilova, A., and Jan Piťha
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, akutní koronární syndromy, obezita, hypertenze, diabetes mellitus, cholesterol, kouření, acute coronary syndromes, obesity, hypertension, smoking, prevalence, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of mortality and morbidity in most populations. As the traditional modifiable risk factors (smoking, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and obesity) were defined decades ago, we decided to analyze recent data in patients who survived acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The Czech part of the study included data from 999 males, and compared them with the post-MONICA study (1,259 males, representing general population). The Lithuanian study included 479 male patients and 456 age-matched controls. The Kazakhstan part included 232 patients and 413 controls. In two countries, the most robust ACS risk factor was smoking (OR 3.85 in the Czech study and 5.76 in the Lithuanian study), followed by diabetes (OR 2.26 and 2.07) and hypertension (moderate risk elevation with OR 1.43 and 1.49). These factors did not influence the ACS risk in Kazakhstan. BMI had no significant effect on ACS and plasma cholesterol was surprisingly significantly lower (P<0.001) in patients than in controls in all countries (4.80 ±1.11 vs. 5.76 ±1.06 mmol /l in Czechs; 5.32 ±1.32 vs. 5.71 ±1.08 mmol /l in Lithuanians; 4.88 ±1.05 vs. 5.38±1.13 mmol /l in Kazakhs/Russians). Results from our study indicate substantial heterogeneity regarding major CVD risk factors in different populations with the exception of plasma total cholesterol which was inversely associated with ACS risk in all involved groups. These data reflect ethnical and geographical differences as well as changing pattern of cardiovascular risk profiles., J. A. Hubacek, V. Stanek, M. Gebauerova, V. Adamkova, V. Lesauskaite, D. Zaliaduonyte-Peksiene, A. Tamosiunas, A. Supiyev, A. Kossumov, A. Zhumadilova, J. Pitha., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
10093. Traditions of Czech and Slovak developmental physiology
- Creator:
- Křeček, J. and Koldovský, O.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- late effect of premature weaning, perinatal development, energetic metabolism, gastrointestinal tract functions, water and electrolyte metabolism, and endocrine functions
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Since the beginning of the 19th century, the comparative and ontogenetic branches of developmental physiology were cultivated in our country. Evidence was given that development of the gastrointestinal tract in tadpoles is dependent on the quality of proteins in their food. A complete metamorphosis of Amblystoma mexicanum, was entirely accomplished by feeding with powderized thyroid gland. The definition and chronological delimitation of both the suckling and weaning period in experimental animals opened the investigation of the effect of disturbance of the natural environment caused by premature weaning on the ensuing development of an individual. A new term was coined "late effects of early adaptations". Analysis was provided by impressive research of the development of energetic metabolism and development of gastrointestinal tract functions, water and electrolyte exchange and endocrine functions including the role of the pineal gland in control of circadian rhythms (12 references).
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
10094. Trafficking of Plasmodium falciparum chimeric rhoptry protein with Brefeldin A
- Creator:
- Ghoneim, Ahmed M.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- green fluorescent protein, apical secretions, targeting, organelles, merozoite, and Apicomplexa
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Trafficking of the rhoptry chimeric protein RhopH2-GFP, which contains RhopH2 signal peptide plus the downstream five amino acids, was dissected by treating parasites with Brefeldin A at three different time points. Twenty eight hrs-stage trophozoites accumulated the chimera within the parasite endoplasmic reticulum. In 32 hrs-stage schizonts, the chimera was distributed in the parasite cytoplasm but not in the parasitophorous vacuole. In 36 hrs stage-schizonts, the chimera was detected in the individual parasitophorous vacuoles of the developing merozoites and, in contrary to non-treated parasites, no immature rhoptry vesicles could be detected in the cytoplasm of immature merozoites. These data show that this chimera is trafficked to the rhoptries via Brefeldin A-sensitive pathway indicating that this trafficking is similar to that of the endogenous rhoptry proteins, and that the five amino acids downstream of the signal peptide cleavage site may contain the sorting signal required for rhoptry targeting.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
10095. Transcriptome temporal and functional analysis of liver regeneration termination
- Creator:
- Rychtrmoc, D., Hubálková, L., Víšková, A., Antonín Libra, Martin Bunček, and Zuzana Červinková
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, liver regeneration, hepatectomy, gene expression profiling, termination, rat, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Decades of liver regeneration studies still left the termination phase least elucidated. However regeneration ending mechanisms are clinicaly relevant. We aimed to analyse the timing and transcriptional control of the latest phase of liver regeneration, both controversial. Male Wistar rats were subjected to 2/3 partial hepatectomy with recovery lasting from 1 to 14 days. Time-series microarray data were assessed by innovative combination of hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis and validated by real-time RT-PCR. Hierarchical clustering and principal component analysis in agreement distinguished three temporal phases of liver regeneration. We found 359 genes specifically altered during late phase regeneration. Gene enrichment analysis and manual review of microarray data suggested five pathways worth further study: PPAR signalling pathway; lipid metabolism; complement, coagulation and fibrinolytic cascades; ECM remodelling and xenobiotic biotransformation. Microarray findings pertinent for termination phase were substantiated by real-time RT-PCR. In conclusion, transcriptional profiling mapped late phase of liver regeneration beyond 5th day of recovery and revealed 5 pathways specifically acting at this time. Inclusion of longer post-surgery intervals brought improved coverage of regeneration time dynamics and is advisable for further works. Investigation into the workings of suggested pathways might prove helpful in preventing and managing liver tumours., D. Rychtrmoc, ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
10096. Transepithelial Potential in Mesonephric Nephrons of 7-day-old Chick Embryos in Relation to the Histochemically Detected Sodium Pump
- Creator:
- Zdeňka Zemanová and Ujec, E.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, studie, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, Chick embryonic kidney, Tubular segments, Transepithelial potential difference, Ouabain-sensitive K+-NPPase, Active transport, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- In order to obtain basic information on the transport properties of differentiating embryonic nephrons, we examined the 7-day-old chick mesonephros by measuring the transtubular epithelial potential difference (TPD) and by histochemical detection of Na,K-ATPase activity. TPD as an indicator of the electrogenic transport was measured in individual segments of superficial nephrons in vivo. Their electric polarity was always lumen-negative. TPD was reduced by addition of 10 mM KCN applied to the mesonephric nephrons from the outside. In the proximal tubules, TPD was significantly lower (mean±SD: -1.0±0.5 mV) than in the distal and collecting tubules (-2.2±1.0 mV, pŁ0.05). Activity of the sodium pump was evaluated histochemically by detection of ouabain-sensitive potassium-dependent p-nitrophenyl phosphatase in cryostat sections of the mesonephros. The enzyme activity was demonstrated only in distal tubules and in the collecting ducts, but not in the proximal tubules. These findings have revealed significant differences between embryonic nephron segments: the distal tubule, in contrast to the proximal one, is supplied by the sodium pump and is able to generate higher TPD. Therefore, we consider that it is only the distal nephron, which possesses the ability of active transport., Z. Zemanová, E. Ujec., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
10097. Transfer of the US-National Parasite Collection
- Creator:
- Hoberg, Eric P. and Phillips, Anna J.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Language:
- English
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
10098. Transformation of blood monocytes to multinucleated giant cells in vitro: are there any differences between malignant and nonmalignant states ?
- Creator:
- Munzarová, M. and Zemanová, D.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- cell fusion, monocytes, macrophages, melanoma, breast cancer, and multinucleated giant cells
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Blood monocytes (BMs) from 139 subjects (70 malignant melanoma patients, 31 breast cancer patients, 38 healthy controls) were cultured for at least 7 days. The formation of multinucleated giant cells (MGCs), which was checked during the whole time of culture, was observed in all cases. By the seventh day MGCs represented 25-50 % and during the second and third month more than 90% of all cells. Lymphokines and/or concanavalin A stimulation (16-34 cases respectively) of BMs was performed as well. This stimulation greatly accelerated MGC formation. There were no differences either in spontaneous or in stimulated fusion between the different groups compared.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
10099. Transgenic expression of CD36 in the spontaneously hypertensive rat is associated with amelioration of metabolic disturbances but has no effect on hypertension
- Creator:
- Michal Pravenec, Vladimír Landa, Václav Zídek, Musilová, M., Ludmila Kazdová, Qi, N., Wang, J., Lezin, E. St., and Kurzt, T. W.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, mastné kyseliny, krevní tlak, inzulinová rezistence, fatty acids, blood pressure, insulin resistance, SHR, transgenic animal, Cd36, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR/NIH strain) harbor a deletion variant in the Cd36 fatty acid transporter and display defective fatty acid metabolism, insulin resistance and hypertension. Transgenic rescue of Cd36 in SHR ameliorates insulin resistance and improves dyslipidemia. However, the role of Cd36 in blood pressure regulation remains controversial due to inconsistent blood pressure effects that were observed with transgenic expression of Cd36 on the SHR background. In the current studies, we developed two new SHR transgenic lines, which express wild type Cd36 under the control of the universal Ef-1 promoter, and examined the effects of transgenic expression of wild type Cd36 on selected metabolic and cardiovascular phenotypes. Transgenic expression of Cd36 in the new lines was associated with significantly decreased serum fatty acids, amelioration of insulin resistance and glucose intolerance but failed to induce any consistent changes in blood pressure as measured by radiotelemetry. The current findings confirm the genetic association of defective Cd36 with disordered insulin action and fatty acid metabolism in the SHR/NIH strain and suggest that Cd36 is linked to other gene(s) on rat chromosome 4 that regulate blood pressure., M. Pravenec, V. Landa, V. Zídek, A. Musilová, L. Kazdová, N. Qi, J. Wang, E. St.Lezin, T. W. Kurtz., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
10100. Transgenic reporter mice with promoter region of murine LRAT specifically marks lens and meiosis spermatocytes
- Creator:
- Dana Průková, Ileninova, Z., Antosova, B., Petr Kašpárek, Gregor, M., and Radislav Sedláček
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, oči, physiology, eyes, LRAT, transgenic mouse, retinol, testis, spermatocyte, sertoli cell, lens, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Lecithin:retinol acyltransferase (LRAT) is the major enzyme responsible for retinol esterification in the mammalian body. LRAT exhibits specific activity in the cells with active retinol metabolism where it converts retinols into retinyl esters, which represents the major storage form of retinol. Besides hepatic stellate cells in the liver, LRAT appears to have a key physiologic role in several other tissues. In this study, we generated a transgenic reporter mouse expressing green fluorescence protein (EGFP) under the control of region containing -1166 bps from promoter upstream from the putative transcriptional start site and 262 bps downstream of this start. Transgenic reporter mice exhibited specific expression in eyes and testes. In eyes, expression of EGFP-reporter is found in lens and lens epithelium and fibers from embryo to adulthood. In testes, LRAT-EGFP reporter is expressed both in Sertoli and in spermatocytes marking initiation of spermatogenesis in prepubertal mice. Our data show that the examined LRAT regulatory region is sufficient to achieve strong and selective expression in the eye and testes but not in liver and other organs., D. Prukova, Z. Ileninova, B. Antosova, P. Kasparek, M. Gregor, R. Sedlacek., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public