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16672. Viscerální bolest a viscerální neuropatie
- Creator:
- Chlup, Rudolf, Podivínský, Jiří, and Masníkosová, Dana
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, and TEXT
- Subject:
- diabetické neuropatie--diagnóza--terapie, příznaky a symptomy, viscerální aferentní nervové dráhy--patofyziologie--účinky léků, bolest--farmakoterapie, hyperalgezie--diagnóza--etiologie--terapie, farmakoterapie--metody, and staří
- Language:
- Czech and English
- Description:
- V tomto přehledovém sdělení je stručně nastíněna problematika fyziologie přenosu vzruchu senzitivními a viscerálními nervovými vlákny a patofyziologie viscerální bolesti přenášené z útrobních orgánů do Haedových zón na kůži. Text pojednává o viscerálních receptorech, o aferentních dráhách a centrálních strukturách, o mediátorech i o možnostech ovlivnění viscerální bolesti. Pozornost je věnována i nebolestivým formám neuropatie. Jsou zmíněny základní otázky diagnostiky a léčby neuropatie se zvláštním zřetelem na neuropatii diabetickou., Rudolf Chlup, Jiří Podivínský, Dana Masnikosová, and Lit.: 32
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
16673. Viscerální bolest v onkologii
- Creator:
- Slováček, Ladislav
- Format:
- braille, text, and regular print
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, and TEXT
- Subject:
- financování organizované, lidé, viscerální aferentní nervové dráhy--patofyziologie--účinky léků, bolest--etiologie--klasifikace--patofyziologie, nádory slinivky břišní--komplikace, střevní obstrukce--etiologie--komplikace, průlomová bolest--farmakoterapie, radioterapie, chronická bolest--terapie, paliativní péče--metody, management bolesti, nádory--komplikace, kombinovaná farmakoterapie, nádorová bolest, and onkologie
- Language:
- Czech and English
- Description:
- Bolest u onkologicky nemocných je závažným a kvalitu života zhoršujícím symptomem, který vyžaduje zájem lékařů a ošetřovatelského personálu. Velmi problematickým typem bolesti pro její obtížnou lokalizaci a definici je bolest viscerální. Problematika tohoto typu bolesti je nastíněna v přehledném sdělení včetně strategie její léčby., Cancer pain is a serious and quality of life deteriorating quality of life symptom requiring the interest of doctors and nursing staff. Visceral pain is a very complicated type of pain for its difficult localization and definition. Problems of this type of pain is briefly outlined in a clear communication strategy, including its treatment., Ladislav Slováček, and Literatura 19
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
16674. Visfatin is actively secreted in vitro from U-937 macrophages, but only passively released from 3T3-L1 adipocytes and HepG2 hepatocytes
- Creator:
- Svoboda, P., Křížová, E., Čeňková, K., Vápenková, K., Jarmila Zídková, Václav Zídek, and Vojtěch Škop
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, physiology, nampt, visfatin, active secretion, adipocytes, hepatocytes, macrophages, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Visfatin is a multi-functional molecule that can act intracellularly and extracellularly as an adipokine, cytokine and enzyme. One of the main questions concerning visfatin is the mechanism of its secretion; whether, how and from which cells visfatin is released. The objective of this in vitro study was to observe the active secretion of visfatin from 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and adipocytes, HepG2 hepatocytes, U-937, THP-1 and HL-60 monocytes and macrophages. The amount of visfatin in media and cell lysate was always related to the intracellular enzyme, glyceraldehyde-3- phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), to exclude the passive release of visfatin. Visfatin was not found in media of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. In media of 3T3-L1 adipocytes and HepG2 hepatocytes, the ratio of visfatin to the amount of GAPDH was identical to cell lysates. Hence, it is likely that these cells do not actively secrete visfatin in a significant manner. However, we found that significant producers of visfatin are differentiated macrophages and that the amount of secreted visfatin depends on used cell line and it is affected by the mode of differentiation. Results show that 3T3-L1 adipocytes and HepG2 hepatocytes released visfatin only passively during the cell death. U-937 macrophages secrete visfatin in the greatest level from all of the tested cell lines., P. Svoboda, E. Křížová, K. Čeňková, K. Vápenková, J. Zídková, V. Zídek, V. Škop., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
16675. Visual data mining of large data sets using Vitamin-S system
- Creator:
- Antoch , Jaromír
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Aggregate time series, Box-Jenkins' methodology, brushing classification, clustering, information visualization, knowledge discovery on databases (KDD), multiple correspondence analysis, principal component analysis, and visual data mining
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Never before in history data has been generated at such high volumes as it is today. It is estimated that every year about 1 Exabyte (= 1 Million Terabyte) of data are generated, of which a large portion is available in digital form. Exploring and analyzing the vast volumes of data becomes increasingly difficult. This paper describes system Vitamin-S that aims to help when analyzing very large data sets.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
16676. Visual functions after laser photocoagulation in central serous chorioretinopathy
- Creator:
- Hejcmanová, Dagmar
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Language:
- English
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
16677. Visualisation of Parkinsonian, essential and physiological tremor planes in 3D space
- Creator:
- Jombík, Peter , Spodniak, Pavel , Bahýľ, Vladimír, and Necpál , Ján
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- 3-axial linear tremor accelerometry, analysis of tremor plane in 3D space, Parkinsonian tremor, assential tremor, and physiologic tremor
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Based on the fact that tremors display some distinct 3D spatial characteristics, we decided to visualize tremor planes in 3D space. We obtained 3-axial linear accelerometer signals of hand tremors from 58 patients with Parkinson´s disease (PD), 37 with isolated resting tremor (iRT), 75 with essential tremor (ET), and 44 healthy volunteers with physiological tremor (Ph). For each group analysis was done with subsequent spatial 3D regression of the input data i.e. along the x, y and z axes; the projected vector lengths in the individual (vertical transversal XY, vertical longitudinal XZ and horizontal YZ) reference frame planes and their angles. Most meaningful and statistically significant differences were found in the analyses of the 3D vector lengths. The tremor of the PD and the iRT group was oriented mainly in the horizontal YZ plane. The tremors of the patients with ET and Ph were oriented approximately in the midway between the all three referential planes with less tilt toward the vertical longitudinal XZ plane.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
16678. Vitamin D – stará látka s novými perspektivami
- Creator:
- Kojecký, Vladimír
- Format:
- print, text, and regular print
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, přehledy, and TEXT
- Subject:
- lidé, vitamin D--aplikace a dávkování--krev--metabolismus, nedostatek vitaminu D--farmakoterapie--krev, idiopatické střevní záněty--etiologie--farmakoterapie, imunitní systém--účinky léků, potravní doplňky, and autoimunitní nemoci--etiologie--farmakoterapie
- Language:
- Czech and English
- Description:
- Receptory pro vitamin D jsou přítomny téměř ve všech tkáních těla. Vitamin D nefunguje jen jako regulátor metabolizmu vápníku a fosforu, ale i jako látka modulující funkci imunitního systému, regulující proliferaci buněk. Genetická, epidemiologická a experimentální data nasvědčují pro možnou roli deficitu vitaminu D při vzniku některých chorob, především autoimunitních onemocnění a nádorů. Přínos léčebného podávání vitaminu D se doposud nepodařilo prokázat. Není důvod nehradit deficit vitaminu D. Substituce by měla začít úhradou chybějícího množství vitaminu D (řádově i několik set tisíc jednotek) s trvalým podávání doporučené substituční dávky 800–1 000 jednotek vitaminu D za den., Receptors for vitamin D are present almost in all body tissues. Vitamin D does not only act as a regulator of calcium and phosphorus metabolism, but also a substance which modulates the immunity system function, regulates cell proliferation. Genetic, epidemiological and experimental data indicate a possible role of vitamin D deficiency in the development of some diseases, mainly of autoimmune diseases and tumours. The benefit of curative intake of vitamin D has so far not been proven. There is no reason why the deficiency of vitamin D should not be covered. The substitution should start with the replenishment of the lacking amount of vitamin D (which may even be several hundred thousand units) and involve ongoing intake of the recommended substitution dose of 800–1 000 vitamin D units per day., and Vladimír Kojecký
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
16679. Vitamin D and thyroid diseases
- Creator:
- Karel Vondra, Luboslav Stárka, and Richard Hampl
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, vitamin D, nemoci štítné žlázy, autoimunita, rakovina štítné žlázy, thyroid diseases, autoimmunity, thyroid cancer, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- In this review we summarize recent opinions on the possible role of vitamin D in the risk of thyroid diseases development. It may be concluded from the available data that vitamin D deficiency, particularly levels below 12.5 ng/ml should be considered as an additional, but important risk factor for development of thyroid autoimmunity, both chronic autoimmune thyroiditis and Graves´ disease. A higher risk of Graves´ disease development is also associated with several polymorphisms in the gene encoding for vitamin D binding protein and for the specific receptor of active form of vitamin D - 1,25-(OH)2D3 in the respective target cells. Important for development of thyroid cancer appeared polymorphisms of genes encoding for vitamin D receptors and of genes encoding for the participating hydroxylating enzymes in thyroid tissue, leading to a diminished local 1,25-(OH)2D3 formation capacity with following alteration of antiproliferatory, antiapoptotic and prodifferentiating efficacy of the latter. Whether supplementation with high doses of vitamin D or its analogues possesses preventive or therapeutic effect is an object of intensive studies., K. Vondra, L. Stárka, R. Hampl., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
16680. Vitamin D in anxiety and affective disorders
- Creator:
- Marie Bičíková, Michaela Dušková, Vítků, J., Božena Kalvachová, Daniela Řípová, Pavel Mohr, and Luboslav Stárka
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, deprese, úzkost, parathormon, depression, anxiety, parathormone, calcidiol, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Reduced levels of vitamin or its metabolites have been reported in various psychiatric disorders. Insufficient levels of vitamin D in depressive patients have been confirmed by many authors, but there have been conflicting results in subjects with anxiety disorders. In the present cross-sectional study, levels of calcidiol were determined in groups of depressive men and women and in men and women with anxiety disorders and compared with age matched controls. Significantly lower levels of calcidiol were found in men and women with depression as well as in age matched patients with anxiety disorders., M. Bičíková, M. Dušková, J. Vítků, B. Kalvachová, D. Řípová, P. Mohr, L. Stárka., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public