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3142. Colouring polytopic partitions in Rd
- Creator:
- Křížek, Michal
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- colouring multidimensional maps, four colour theorem, chromatic number, tetrahedralization, convex polytopes, finite element methods, domain decomposition methods, parallel programming, combinatorial geometry, and six colour conjectu
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- We consider face-to-face partitions of bounded polytopes into convex polytopes in d for arbitrary d ≥ 1 and examine their colourability. In particular, we prove that the chromatic number of any simplicial partition does not exceed d+ 1. Partitions of polyhedra in 3 into pentahedra and hexahedra are 5- and 6-colourable, respectively. We show that the above numbers are attainable, i.e., in general, they cannot be reduced.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
3143. Combination of neural networks forecasters for monthly natural gas consumption prediction
- Creator:
- Kizilaslan, Recep and Karlik , Bekir
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Enemy consumption, artificial neural network, and forecasting
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- This study presents different types of neural network algorithm based model forecasting gas consumption for residential and commercial consumers in Istanbul in Turkey. Using seven neural networks algorithms as forecasting models, we tried to find the best solution on forecasting of monthly natural gas consumption. These models were validated and tested on real monthly data from a distribution area covering two different regions of Anatolian and European sides in Istanbul. The analysis of results obtained for training and test sets show that the seven proposed artificial neural network models could be useful for the natural gas consumption forecast problem. It was shown that a conjugate gradient descent neural network model presented a more efficient solution than the other models.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
3144. Combination of one-class classifiers for multiclass problems by fuzzy logic
- Creator:
- Wilk, Tomasz and Woźniak, Michał
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Multiple classifier systems, pattern recognition, fuzzy logic, and one-class classifiers
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Combining classifiers, so-called Multiple Classifier Systems (MCSs), gained a lot of interest has recent years. Researchers, developed a large variety of methods in order to exploit strengths of individual classifiers. In this paper, we address the problem of how to implement a multi-class classifier by an ensemble of one-class classifiers. To improve performance of a compound classifier, different individual classifiers (which may, e.g., differ in complexity, type, training algorithm or other) can be combined and that could increase its both performance, and robustness. The model of one-class classifiers can only recognize one of the classes, therefore, it is quite difficult to produce MCSs on the basis of one-class classifiers. Thus, we introduce a new scheme for decision-making in MCSs through a fuzzy inference system. Specifically, we address two important open problems in the context: model selection and combiner training. Classifiers' outputs as supports for given classes are combined by means of a fuzzy engine. Thus, we are interested in such individual classifiers which can return support for given classes. There are no other restrictions on the used classifiers. The proposed model has been evaluated by computer experiments on several benchmark datasets in the Matlab environment. Their results prove that fuzzy combination of binary classifiers may be a valuable classifier itself. Additionally, there are indicated both some application areas of the models, and new research frontiers to be examined.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
3145. Combined effect of environmental factors on distribution of Geometridae (Lepidoptera) in South Korea
- Creator:
- Choi, Sei-Woong and Chun, Jung-Hwa
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Geometridae, habitat diversity, geography, climate, peninsular effect, and South Korea
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- We analyzed patterns of geometrid species richness in South Korea to assess the observed and estimated species richness gradient, to determine predictors for the distribution of moths and to investigate the effect of latitude on the species richness of moths in the Korean peninsula. The species richness was analyzed for 541 geometrid moths across 17 quadrates, with each quadrate defined by one degree of latitude and longitude. Two subgroups of geometrid moths were adopted according to their distributional ranges: Palearctic (435 species, 80.4%) and Oriental (106 species, 19.6%). To investigate the relationship between the distribution of geometrid moths and environment, eight variables were used. The estimated species richness of geometrids was calculated using the Chao 2 estimator because there was uneven sampling effort across the quadrates. Due to multicollinearity we used covariance values produced by principal component analysis and the first four axes adopted have eigenvalues >= 1.0. Two models of regression analyses were applied based on multiple linear regression using eight variables (model I) and principal components axes (model II). Of the two subgroups of geometrid moths the Palearctic species richness increased with latitude, but not that of Oriental species richness. A combined effect of abiotic (maximum altitude, temperature, rainfall, and latitude) and biotic (plant species richness and vegetation) variables was indicated by both models of regression analyses. The different effect of each spatial and environmental predictor on the distribution of geometrid moths on the Korean peninsula is discussed. The significant relationship between estimated species richness and latitude indicate a peninsular effect on geometrid moths in South Korea.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
3146. Combined HPV genotyping and cell-based E6, E7 mRNA (HPV OncoTect) detection in cervical cytology specimens performed on a molecular hybrid platform (MoHP) maximizes sensitivity and positive predictive value
- Creator:
- Coquillard, Gerald
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Language:
- English
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
3147. Combining classifiers using trained fuser -- analytical and experimental results
- Creator:
- Wozniak, Michal and Zmyslony , Marcin
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Pattern recognition, multiple classifier system, trained fuser, and neural networks
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Combining pattern recognition is a promising direction in designing effective classifiers. There are several approaches to collective decision-making, including quite popular voting methods where the decision is a combination of individual classifiers' outputs. The article focuses on the problem of fuser design which uses discriminants of individual classifiers to make a decision. We present taxonomy of proposed fusers and discuss some of their properties. We focus on the fuser which uses weights dependent on classifier and class number, because of a pretty low computational cost of its training. We formulate the problem of fuser learning as an optimization task and propose a solver which has its origin in neural computations. The quality of proposed learning algorithm was evaluated on the basis of several computer experiments, which were carried out on five benchmark datasets and their results confirm the quality of proposed concept.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
3148. Comet assay and its use for evaluating oxidative DNA damage in some pathological states.
- Creator:
- Kuchařová, M., Hronek, M. , Rybáková, K. , Zadák, Z. , Štětina, R., Josková, V. , and Patková, A.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- oxidative stress, comet assay, clinical practice, ROS, and DNA oxidation lesion
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The comet assay, or single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE), is a sensitive, rapid, relatively simple and inexpensive method for detecting DNA strand breaks in individual cells. It is used in a broad variety of applications and as a tool to investigate DNA damage and repair. The sensitivity and specificity of the assay are greatly enhanced if the DNA incubated with an enzyme, which recognizes a specific kind of DNA damage. This damage induced by oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in many diseases and in aging. This article is a critical review of the possible application of the comet assay in some pathological states in clinical practice. Most of the studies relate to evaluating the response of an organism to chemotherapy or radiotherapy with statistically significant evidence of DNA damage in patients. Other useful applications have been demonstrated for patients with heart or neurodegenerative diseases. Only a few studies have been published on the use of this method in critically ill patients, although its use would be appropriate. There are also other scenarios where the comet assay could prove to be very useful in the future, such as in predicting the likelihood of certain pathological conditions.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
3149. Comments on ELN recommendations to diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia
- Creator:
- Barbui, Tiziano
- Format:
- braille, text, and regular print
- Type:
- model:article, article, Text, and TEXT
- Subject:
- lidé, myeloproliferativní poruchy--diagnóza--terapie, polycythemia vera--diagnóza--terapie, esenciální trombocytemie--diagnóza--terapie, hodnocení rizik, rizikové faktory, výběr pacientů, hydroxymočovina--aplikace a dávkování--škodlivé účinky--terapeutické užití, interferon alfa--škodlivé účinky--terapeutické užití, prognóza, leukocytóza--krev, Janus kináza 2--genetika, flebotomie--metody, Aspirin--terapeutické užití, chronické myeloproliferativní neoplázie, hydroxyurea, and interferon alfa
- Language:
- Czech and English
- Description:
- Hlavní příčiny morbidity a mortality u polycythemie vera (PV) a esenciální trombocytemie (ET) jsou trombóza a krvácení, progrese do myelofibrózy a přechod do akutní leukemie. Myelosupresivní léčba, především pak hydroxyurea, sice může četnost cévních komplikací omezit, ale u tohoto přípravku existují jisté obavy stran zvýšeného výskytu leukemické transformace. Léčba těchto poruch proto představuje náročný problém a abychom se vyhnuli neadekvátní expozici cytotoxickým léčivům na straně jedné či suboptimální léčbě na straně druhé, měli bychom dodržovat „risk-oriented” léčebnou strategii. Mezi známé rizikové faktory kardiovaskulárních příhod patří vyšší věk a předchozí trombóza, zatímco vliv nových biologických faktorů včetně leukocytózy a mutačního statutu, popř. mutační zátěže JAK2V617F je předmětem bádání. Nízkorizikoví pacienti s PV by měli být léčeni pouze flebotomií a aspirinem, zatímco vysoce rizikoví pacienti by měli rovněž podstoupit cytotoxickou léčbu. Co se týká léčby ET, u nízkorizikových pacientů jednoznačné indikace pro intervenci neexistují, nicméně vysoce rizikoví pacienti by měli podstoupit chemoterapii. U vybraných pacientů včetně pacientů s rezistencí nebo intolerancí na hydroxyureu se mohou uplatnit i jiné léčebné možnosti, jako např. interferon alfa či anagrelid., Major causes of morbidity and mortality in polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET) are represented by thrombosis and bleeding, progression to myelofibrosis and transformation to acute leukemia. Myelosuppressive therapy, preferentially with hydroxyurea, can reduce the rate of vascular complications, but there is some concern about an increased rate of leukemic transformation with this agent. Therefore, the management of these disorders poses a significant challenge, and a risk-oriented therapeutic approach should be followed to avoid inappropriate exposure to cytotoxic drugs on one side or suboptimal treatment on the other. Established risk factors for cardiovascular events are represented by older age and previous thrombosis, while the impact of novel biological factors, including leukocytosis and JAK2V617F mutational status and/or mutational burden, is under investigation. Low-risk PV patients should be managed only with phlebotomy and aspirin, while high-risk patients should also receive cytotoxic therapy. Regarding the management of ET, there is no clear indication for intervention in low-risk patients, while high-risk patients should be managed with chemotherapy. Other therapeutic options, such as interferon alpha or anagrelide, may find place in selected patients including those who are resistant/intolerant to hydroxyurea., Tiziano Barbui, and Literatura 37
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
3150. Comments on the approach to human dignity in case law
- Creator:
- Helena Hofmannová
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- lidská důstojnost, human dignity, inhuman, judicial interpretation, hard cases, minimal core of human dignity, ethical consensus, legal concept of human dignity, prohibition of torture and other cruel, inhuman, and degrading treatment, prohibition of capital punishment, basi, 16, and 34
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The article ‘Comments on the approach to human dignity in case law’ deals with some approaches to the interpretation of human dignity by international and constitutional courts including Czech Constitutional Court. It is the wide-ranging and extensive use of human dignity that certainly is a success of the post-war concept of human dignity as a basis for the protection of rights. On the other hand, the universal applicability of human dignity and it being ambivalently used is criticised for leading to vagueness and relativisation of the basic concept of dignity. However, given that the post-war conception is based on human dignity being the grounds for the human rights granted to all people, the universality of human dignity and its extensive use are the typical attributes thereof. The article describes fields of judicial interpretation of human dignity expressing diverse worlds of constitutional values., Helena Hofmannová., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public