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1282. Post-hoc analysis on the CD14 C(-260)T promoter polymorphism and coronary heart disease
- Creator:
- Porsch-Özcürümez, M., Hucke, J., Westphal, S., Jaroslav Hubáček, Gery Schmitz, and Luley, C.
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- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, biochemie, ateroskleróza, genetika, záněty, biochemistry, atherosclerosis, genetics, inflammations, CD14, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Functional C(-260)→T polymorphism in the promoter of the CD14 gene has been reported to be associated with coronary heart disease (CHD). The functional role of the polymorphism, however, is still a matter of debate, since several studies have not proved its effect on clinical outcomes associated with atherosclerosis. Cardiovascular-related morbidity and mortality was assessed in a post-hoc approach four years after baseline characterization of patients (male/female n = 36/32) with angiographically proven coronary heart disease. CD14 C(-260)→T promoter genotype was determined at baseline. Seventeen out of 20 CHD patients with non-lethal cardiovascular events carried at least one T-allele. CD14 T-260 allele carriers have a 3.59-fold (95 % confidence interval: 1.11-6.75) increased risk for non-lethal cardiovascular events (Kaplan-Meier plot: log rank test p = 0. 029). All patients with lethal outcomes (n = 6) were also T-allele carriers. Multivariate logistic regression analysis among CHD patients including age, established risk factors and the C(-260)→T polymorphism as covariates and non-lethal events as a dependent variable confirmed the independent prospective effect of the T-allele on cardiovascular outcomes in this subset. Further evidence is provided for the role of CD14 C(-260)→T promoter polymorphism as a genetic susceptibility marker of atherosclerosis in patients with an advanced clinical course of the disease. Due to the small sample size and post-hoc character of the study large-scale prospective studies that monitor patients with proven CHD are needed to confirm these findings., M. Porsch-Öucürümez, J.Hucke, S. Westphal, J. A. Hubáček, G. Schmitz, C. Luley., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1283. Postnatal alteration of monocarboxylate transporter 1 expression in the rat corpus callosum
- Creator:
- Dong, F., Liu, Y., Zhang, Z., Guo, R., Ma, L., Qu, X., Yu, H., Fan, H., and Yao, R.
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- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, physiology, MCT1, corpus callosum, oligodendrocyte, astrocyte, rat, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- In the central nervous system (CNS), monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) is expressed in astrocytes and endothelial cells but also in oligodendroglia. Oligodendroglia support neurons and axons through lactate transportation by MCT1. Limited information is available on the MCT1 expression changes in candidate cells in the developing rat brain, especially in corpus callosum which is the most vulnerable area in demyelinating diseases. In the present study, we investigated the expression pattern of MCT1 during postnatal development in the rat corpus callosum using immunofluorescene staining, Western blotting analysis and RT-PCR. We reported that MCT1 gene and protein were consistently expressed in the rat corpus callosum from birth to adult. MCT1/CNPase and MCT1/GFAP immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that most of MCT1 positive cells were co-labeled with cyclic nucleotide 3′ phosphodiesterase (CNPase) in rat corpus callosum from P7 to adult, whereas MCT1+/GFAP+ cells preserve the dominate position before P7. Moreover, there were significant associations between the expression of MCT1 protein and the expression of myelin basic protein (MBP) (correlation coefficient: r=0.962, P=0.009) from P7 to adult. Similarly, the MCT1 mRNA expression was also significantly associated with MBP mRNA expression (r=0.976, P=0.005). Our results are proposing that in the developing brain white matter, MCT1 is predominately expressed in oligodendrocyte though it mainly expressed in astrocyte in early postnatal, which indicate that MCT1 may involve in the oligodendrocyte development and myelination., F. Dong, Y. Liu, Z. Zhang, R. Guo, L. Ma, X. Qu, H. Yu, H. Fan, R. Yao., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
1284. Postnatal development of energy metabolism in the rat brain
- Creator:
- Martin Kalous, Hana Rauchová, and Zdeněk Drahota
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- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, energetický metabolismus, cytochromy, energy metabolism, cytochromes, brain mitochondria, cytochrome c oxidase, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The activities of cytochrome c oxidase and FoF1-ATPase as well as the content of cytochromes cc1, aa3, and b were investigated in free brain mitochondria in the course of postnatal development and aging. The results show an increase of Vmax of both enzymes during postnatal development (between day 5 and 30). During the following phase ending at the age of 6 months, a decrease of FoF1-ATPase and cytochrome c oxidase activity occurs. From 6 to 12 months of age the activity of these enzymes did not change. The KM for both enzymes remained unchanged during the whole period observed. The content of cytochromes increased from the low values found in young rats, reached the highest values at around one month, and decreased till the age of 3 months. Later, their content in brain mitochondria did not markedly change. Our results suggest that the metabolic maturation of brain mitochondria differs in several aspects from the same process in other tissues, mainly in the time course. This is probably due to the unique role of neural tissue in the organism., M. Kalous, H. Rauchová, Z. Drahota., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1285. Postoperative residual paralysis and respiratory status: comparative study of pancuronium and vecuronium
- Creator:
- Bissinger, U., Schimek, F., and Gunther Lenz
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- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, physiology, pulse oximetry, arterial blood gas analysis, pulmonary function, hypoxemia, hypercapnia, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The objective of this prospective double-blind study was to determine whether postoperative residual paralysis (PORP) after pancuronium or vecuronium results in hypoxemia and hypercapnia in the immediate admission period to the recovery ward. Eighty-three consecutive surgical patients received balanced or intravenous anesthesia with pancuronium for operations lasting longer than one hour or vecuronium for those lasting less than 60 min, both combined with neostigmine at the end of anesthesia. Standard clinical criteria assessed neuromuscular function intraoperatively. Postoperatively, we determined neuromuscular function (acceleromyography with supramaximal train-of-four (TOF) stimulation of the ulnar nerve, and a 5-s head lift) and pulmonary function (pulse oximetry: SpO2, and blood gas analysis: SaO2, PaCO2). We defined PORP as a TOF-ratio 70 %, hypoxemia as a postoperative SpO2³ 5 % below the pre-anesthestic level together with a postoperative SaO293 %, and hypercapnia as a PaCO2³ 46 mm Hg. Among the 49 pancuronium and 27 vecuronium patients studied, the PORP rates were 20 % in the pancuronium group and 7 % in the vecuronium group (p>0.05). Hypoxemia and hypercapnia occurred more often in pancuronium patients with PORP than in those without PORP namely 60 % vs. 10% (p<0.05) and 30 % vs. 8 % (p>0.05), respectively. We conclude that PORP after pancuronium is a significant risk factor for hypoxemia., U. Bissinger, F. Schimek, G. Lenz., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1286. Potential neuroprotective and anti-apoptotic properties of a long-lasting stable analog of ghrelin: an in vitro study using SH-SY5Y cells
- Creator:
- Alena Popelová, Kákonová, A, Blanka Železná, Lenka Maletínská, Jaroslav Kuneš, and Hrubá, L
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- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- fyziologie člověka, human physiology, Ghrelin, SH-SY5Y cells, Methylglyoxal cytotoxicity, Neuroprotection, Apoptosis, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD), are increasing in prevalence. Currently, there are no effective and specific treatments for these disorders. Recently, positive effects of the orexigenic hormone ghrelin on memory and learning were demonstrated in mouse models of AD and PD. In this study, we tested the potential neuroprotective properties of a stable and long-lasting ghrelin analog, Dpr3ghrelin (Dpr3ghr), in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells stressed with 1.2 mM methylglyoxal (MG), a toxic endogenous by-product of glycolysis, and we examined the impact of Dpr3ghr on apoptosis. Pre-treatment with both 10-5 and 10-7 M Dpr3ghr resulted in increased viability in SH-SY5Y cells (determined by MTT staining), as well as reduced cytotoxicity of MG in these cells (determined by LDH assay). Dpr3ghr increased viability by altering pro-apoptotic and viability markers: Bax was decreased, Bcl-2 was increased, and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was attenuated. The ghrelin receptor GHS-R1 and Dpr3ghr-induced activation of PBK/Akt were immuno-detected in SH-SY5Y cells to demonstrate the presence of GHS-R1 and GHS-R1 activation, respectively. We demonstrated that Dpr3ghr protected SH-SY5Y cells against MG-induced neurotoxicity and apoptosis. Our data suggest that stable ghrelin analogs may be candidates for the effective treatment of neurodegenerative disorders., A. Popelová, A. Kákonová, L. Hrubá, J. Kuneš, L. Maletínská, B. Železná., and Seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
1287. PPARγ2 Pro12Ala polymorphism in relation to free fatty acids concentration and composition in lean healthy Czech individuals with and without family history of diabetes type 2
- Creator:
- Běla Bendlová, Daniela Vejražková, Josef Včelák, Petra Lukášová, Dominika Burkoňová, Marie Kunešová, Jana Vrbíková, Kateřina Dvořáková, Karel Vondra, and Markéta Vaňková
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- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, endokrinologie, mastné kyseliny, inzulin, endocrinology, fatty acids, insulin, PPARγ2 Pro12Ala polymorphism, free fatty acids concentration, composition, polyunsaturated fatty acids, insulin sensitivity, offspring, diabetes type 2, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Free fatty acids (FFAs) are natural ligands of the PPARγ2 receptor. FFA plasma concentration and composition may represent one of the factors accounting for high heterogeneity of conclusions concerning the effect of the Pro12Ala on BMI, insulin sensitivity or diabetes type 2 (DM2) susceptibility. Our objective was to investigate the relation and possible interactions between the Pro12Ala polymorphism and FFA status, metabolic markers, and body composition in 324 lean nondiabetic subjects (M/F: 99/225; age 32±11 years; BMI 23.9±4.0 kg/m2) with and without family history of DM2. Family history of DM2 was associated with lower % PUFA and slightly higher % MUFA. The presence of Pro12Ala polymorphism was not associated with fasting plasma FFA concentration or composition, anthropometric or metabolic markers of glucose and lipid metabolism in tested population. However, the interaction of carriership status with FFA levels influenced the basal glucose levels, insulin sensitivity and disposition indices, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol and leptin levels, especially in women. The metabolic effects of 12Ala carriership were influenced by FFA levels – the beneficial role of 12Ala was seen only in the presence of low concentration of plasma FFA. Surprisingly, a high PUFA/SFA ratio was associated with lower insulin sensitivity, the protective effect of 12Ala allele was apparent in subjects with family history of DM2. On the basis of our findings and published data we recommend the genotyping of diabetic patients for Pro12Ala polymorphism of the PPARγ2 gene before treatment with thiazolidinediones and education of subjects regarding diet and physical activity, which modulate metabolic outcomes., B. Bendlová, D. Vejražková, J. Včelák, P. Lukášová, D. Burkoňová, M. Kunešová, J. Vrbíková, K. Dvořáková, K. Vondra, M. Vaňková., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1288. Pre- and Postprandial Expression of the Leptin Receptor Splice Variants OB-Ra and OB-Rb in Murine Peripheral Tissues
- Creator:
- Frühbeck, G., Gómez-Ambrosi, J., and Martínez, J. A.
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- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, myši, physiology, mice, OB protein, fasting, skeletal muscle, fiber type composition, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- G. Frühbeck, J. Gómez-Ambrosi, J. A. Martínez. and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1289. Preadipocyte factor-1 concentrations in patients with anorexia nervosa: the influence of partial realimentation
- Creator:
- Petra Kaválková, Ivana Dostálová, Denisa Haluzíková, Trachta, P., Hanušová, V, Zdeňka Lacinová, Hana Papežová, Daniela Domluvilová, Vít Zikán, and Martin Haluzík
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, preadipocyte factor-1, anorexia nervosa, realimentation, adipose tissue, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Preadipocyte factor-1 (Pref-1) is a member of epidermal growthfactor like family of proteins that regulates adipocyte and osteoblast differentiation. Experimental studies suggest that circulating Pref-1 levels may be also involved in the regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism and energy homeostasis. We hypothesized that alterations in Pref-1 levels may contribute to the ethiopathogenesis of anorexia nervosa or its underlying metabolic abnormalities. We measured Pref-1 concentrations and other hormonal, biochemical and anthropometric parameters in eighteen patients with anorexia nervosa and sixteen healthy women and studied the influence of partial realimentation of anorexia nervosa patients on these parameters. The mean duration of realimentation period was 46±2 days. At baseline, anorexia nervosa patients had significantly decreased body mass index, body weight, body fat content, fasting glucose, serum insulin, TSH, free T4, leptin and total protein. Partial realimentation improved these parameters. Baseline serum Pref-1 levels did not significantly differ between anorexia nervosa and control group (0.26±0.02 vs. 0.32±0.05 ng/ml, p=0.295) but partial realimentation significantly increased circulating Pref-1 levels (0.35±0.04 vs. 0.26±0.02 ng/ml, p<0.05). Postrealimentation Pref-1 levels significantly positively correlated with the change of body mass index after realimentation (r=0.49, p<0.05). We conclude that alterations in Pref-1 are not involved in the ethiopathogenesis of anorexia nervosa but its changes after partial realimentation could be involved in the regulation of adipose tissue expansion after realimentation., P. Kaválková ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1290. Preclinical atherosclerosis and other determinants of venous thromboembolism in patients with thrombophilias
- Creator:
- Ondřej Auzký, Libuše Pagáčová, Tomáš Šejda, and Jan Piťha
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, ultrasonografie, trombóza, ultrasonography, venous thrombosis, preclinical atherosclerosis, venous thromboembolism, thrombophilia, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- At present, the supposed association between venous thromboembolism and atherosclerosis has yet to be proven. However, no data are available from patients with thrombophilias. We evaluated the association between preclinical atherosclerosis and prevalence of thromboembolic events in patients with thrombophilias. Presence of preclinical atherosclerosis in common carotid and femoral arteries measured by ultrasound was assessed by Belcaro score (based mainly on the presence of plaques) and by measurements of intima media thickness in the same location in 109 patients (43 men, mean age 41.5±13 years) with established thrombophilias. Other parameters under the study were age, presence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors, anthropometric and clinical data including blood pressure measurements and medication. The differences between patients with (n=47) and without (n=62) thromboembolic events were assessed by paired t-test and chi square tests. In patients with a history of venous thromboembolism, body mass index and the prevalence of antihypertensive treatment (AT) were significantly higher than in patients without history of thromboembolism (BMI: 26.5±5.0 vs. 24.4±3.7 kg/m2; p=0.04, AT: 25.5 % vs. 8.1 %; p=0.013). No significant differences between groups were found regarding preclinical atherosclerosis. Overweight and hypertension, but not preclinical atherosclerosis, were more prevalent in patients with thrombophilias suffering from thromboembolism., O. Auzký ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public