An analysis is performed in the article of an output and propagation of a coherent light beam outgoing from a single frequency optical fibre supposing an inclined termination of the fibre, and also an analysis of a transformation of such a Gaussian beam of an ideal lens. Direct transformation performed analogously to the input beam gives the same result as a calculation of the diffraction on the lens if the beam is not apertured. For characterization of the beam transformed by the lens the concept of the Fresnel number of the Gaussian beam is used. and V článku je proveden rozbor výstupu a šíření koherentního světelného svazku vystupujícího z jednovidového optického vlákna za předpokladu šikmého zakončení čela vlákna a rozbor transformace takového gaussovského svazku ideální čočkou. Přímá transformace provedená analogicky k dopadajícímu svazku dává stejný výsledek jako výpočet difrakce na čočce, pokud svazek není cloněn. K charakterizaci transformovaného svazku čočkou je využito konceptu Fresnelova čísla gaussovského svazku.
This paper shows possibilities of micromachining by pulse electron beam for creation of fine holes into quartz glass. The influence of different parameters of electron beam (such as beam current, focus, pulse duration) is demonstrated. Accelerating voltage of 50 kV, beam current of 0.1 - 1 mA and pulse duration of 15 - 150 ms was applied. Diameter of created holes ranged from 101 μm to 100 mm on incident side and from 100 to 101 μm on the opposite side (disc thickness 0.7 mm).
The year of 2019 will enter history as a relatively sharp end of the West’s attempt to globalize the world. Nevertheless, the endeavor to connect the mankind into one big society linked by mutual communication, information, economic, cultural and ecological bonds has not come to an end; it is just that the democracy of the West will no longer be employed to achieve that. The other civilization circles have not accepted it yet and to ''civilize'' others they will make use of their power approaches that are not only of a social character but also of a physical one. The most developed concept is the A2/AD (Anti Access/Area Denial) zones establishing focused also on the Western countries including the Czech Republic. It is being developed mainly by the Russian Federation and China.