Autoři prezentují sestavu 76 nemocných radikálně operovaných pro karcinom hlavy pankreatu a analyzují pooperační komplikace a přežívání. Materiál a metodika: V období 1/2006–9/2010 podstoupilo 76 nemocných potenciálně kurativní hemipankreatoduodenektomii pro adenokarcinom hlavy pankreatu. Pacienti jsou prospektivně sledováni, diskutovány jsou komplikace a přežití. Výsledky: 30denní pooperační mortalita je 2,6 %. Na základě TNM klasifikace 11 % mělo stadium I, 78 % stadium II a 3 % stadium III. Nejzávažnější komplikací byla insuficience pankreatojejunální anastomózy (6,5 %) a opožděná evakuace žaludku (11,8 %). Ve stadiu I přežívá 1., 2., 3. a 4. rok 82 %, 52 %, 35 % a 35 % operovaných. Závěr: Resekce hlavy pankreatu je bezpečná operace s nízkou mortalitou, ale neuspokojivým dlouhodobým přežíváním. Toto je zřejmě způsobeno agresivní biologickou aktivitou nádoru a pozdní diagnostikou., The authors refer seventy six patients radically operated for pancreatic head carcinoma and analyzed postoperative complications and survival. Material and Methods: During 1/2006–9/2010 76 patients underwent potentially curative hemipancreato-duodenectomy for adenocarcinoma of the head of pancreas. The patients are prospectively followed, complications and survival are discussed. Results: The 30-days postoperative mortality was 2,6 %. According to TNM classification 11 % of patients had stage I, 78 % stage II and 3 % stage III. Most severe complications were leak from pancreato-jejunal anastomosis (6,5 %) and delayed gastric emptying (11.8 %). The survival analyses showed 1,2,3 and 4 years survival as follows: 82 %, 52 %, 35 %, 35 % respectively. Conclusion: Resection of the pancreatic head is a safe procedure with low mortality but disappointing long-term survival. This may be due to biological activity of the tumor and late diagnosis., Martin Loveček, Dušan Klos, Pavel Skalický, Jiří Kysučan, Čestmír Neoral, Bohuslav Melichar, Roman Havlík, and Lit.: 10
Comparative assessment of clinical efficiency of omeprazole and rabeprazole in treating gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). 65 patients with a verified diagnosis GERD were examined. Comparative clinical investigations of using of omeprazole and rabeprazole have revealed effectiveness of both drugs in the therapy of GERD. However, rabeprazole showed antisecretory action in the earlier periods, providing stable clinical remission of GERD and early scarring of erosive lesions of the esophageal mucosa, compared with omeprazole., Mirvasit Karimov, Abdujabar Akhmatkhodjaev, and Literatura
The target of research was the implementation of the comparative analysis of conservative therapy of preparation of basic therapy and also new methods of treatment (anticytokine therapy). Appointment of salofalk in twos tablets (0, 5) 34 times a day per os, and also 2,0 gr in the form of a rectal enema unitary for a period of seven days, then had transferd the patients to reception 2,0 gr salofalk per os, allowed to achieve substantial improvement patients cliniclaboratory and endoscopic symptoms with a heavy intensification of ulcer colitis variation, providing full cliniclabaratory remissions achievements of disease at 8 (34 %) patients. In the Minister of the Uzbek Public Health of the Republican Science Coloproctological Center at 10 patients with the IDI have spent the therapy remicade, 7 of them had NUC and 3 patients had the Crohn's disease. Therefore, all patients no longer than on the first week after introduction of remicade had improvement of a course disease which was expressed in defering stool, extinction or reduction of pathological impurity in excrement and subsidence bellyaches. During colonoscopical inspection, in 1218 weeks after the first infusion at 80% of the patients had observed disappearance of ulcers and erosion. In terms of 6 months of supervision of relapse of disease was not noted. All new directions in treatment of the IDI, apparently, are perspective, but while are proved only theoretically and had no practical development. Unique and enough effective and safe method at the IDI and already has clinical acknowledgement is remicade., Matkarimov S. R., Rustamov A. E., Rahmonov S. T., and Literatura
The authors demonstrate the possibility of improving surgical results by the reduction of perioperative bleeding in thoracic surgery associated with extended resection procedures. We focused on patients in whom the expected perioperative blood loss was greater than 500 ml. The first group consisted of patients with lung cancer stage III A after neoadjuvant chemotherapy had been indicated to extend the resection procedure. The second group consisted of patients with chest wall and mediastinum tumors of various etiologies. The third group consisted of patients with post-inflammatory thoracic complications in whom combined decortication and pleurectomy was necessary. By the using the local hemostyptic Traumastem TAF on the basis of oxidized cellulose, it is possible to minimize the perioperative blood loss, thus sparing the blood derivative requirement and enabling surgeons to provide the desired treatment even to high-risk patients., Petr Habal, Nedal Omran, Jiří Manďák, Jiří Šimek, Milan Štětina, and Literatura 16
Colonic polyps and polyposis are studied in 183 patients. It has been found, that sensitivity of rectoscopy is 66.7%, irrigoscopy 61.1%, virtual colonoscopy computeraided tomography of colon (VCCATC) 79.1%. Endoscopic polypectomy was the main treatment method used in patents with colonic polyps and polyposis (18.6%). In cases of surgical treatment (57.9%) in patients with total involvement of colon colproctectomy with formation of ileal reservoir can be considered as the method of choice., Sapaev D. A., Navruzov S. N., Rakhmanov S. T., Kurbonov O. A., Mirzakhmedov M. M., and Literatura
Centrum pro tyreoidální onkologii a endokrinní orbitopatie Nádory štítné žlázy vycházejí z folikulárního epitelu štítné žlázy, jsou hormonálně dependentní, vyskytují se 5x častěji u žen než u mužů ve všech věkových skupinách, obvykle dobře vychytávají jod. Klinicky se může projevovat jako lokálně rostoucí uzel ve štítné žláze, nádorová infiltrace spádových krčních lymfatických uzlin, vzdálené plicní a kostní metastázy. Diagnostika se opírá o sonografické vyšetření, tenkojehlou aspirační biopisii, hladinu Tg. Léčba je interdisciplinární. Totální tyreoidektomie (TTE), následné doléčení radiojodem v hypotyreóze, supresní léčba tyreoidálními hormony (TSH < 0,1 mIU/l), doživotní dispenzarizace. Podán přehled o současných léčebných postupech., Thyroid carcinoma arises from follicular epithelium, have a hormonal activity, occur 5 more frequent in woman with all ages, Therapy is interdisciplinary: total thyroidectomy, radioiodine treatment in hypothyroidism, supression hormonal therapy and long term follow up. Is given management for patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. Kew words: differentiated thyroid cancer, thyroiectomy, radioiodine, follow up, thyroglobulin., Petr Vlček, and Literatura 6
In order to study cardiac pathology in different subtypes of ischemic stroke we examined 165 stroke patients. The 1st group included 90 (54.5%) patients with hemodynamic stroke, the 2nd one - 75 (45.5%) patients with cardioembolic stroke. Control group consisted of 45 individuals without cerebrovascular diseases. Cardiac pathologies with the prevalence of various types of ischemic heart disease were observed in all groups. The parameters of left ventricular stroke volume and ejection fraction were lower in patients with hemodynamic stroke than in other groups, but were within normal limits. Potential sources of cardiogenic embolism were found in all groups: in the 1st group at 74.4%, in the 2nd one at 100%. Thus, most patients with ischemic stroke have different heart defects related to the subtypes of ischemic stroke., Natalya Dadamyants, and Literatura
Background and objective: Investigation of the effects of MnTnHex-2-PyP on some markers of inflammation and lipid peroxidation in an asthma mice model. Methods: The experiment was carried out on 24 female mice C57Bl/6, divided into four groups: group 1, controls; group 2, injected with ovalbumin (OVA); group 3, treated with MnTnHex-2-PyP and group 4, treated with OVA and MnTnHex-2-PyP. The animals from groups 1 and 3 were injected i.p. on days 0 and 14 with a 100 μl phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and those from groups 2 and 4 were injected with a 100 μl ovalbumin solution, containing 20 μg OVA. On days 24, 25 and 26 the mice from groups 1 and 2 were inhaled with PBS for 30 min, and those from groups 2 and 4 were given a 1% ovalbumin solution. One hour before inhalation, and 12 hours later the animals from groups 1 and 2 were injected i.p. with 100 μl PBS, and those from groups 3 and 4 received a 100 μl MnTnHex-2-Pyp solution in PBS сontaining 0.05mg/kg. Results: Ovalbumin alone (group 2) increased the total cell number, total protein content, the levels of IL-4, IL-5 and 8-isoprostane in bronchoalveolar lavage. Elevations were observed in IgE level in serum, and the malone dialdehyde (MDA) content in the lung homogenate. These markers were decreased significantly in group 4 as compared to the OVA group. Conclusions: MnTnHex-2-Pyp reduces the inflammation and lipid peroxidation in Ovalbumin-induced mice asthma model, Veneta Shopova, Lyudmil Terziev, Violeta Dancheva, Galya Stavreva, Milena Atanasova, Angelina Stoyanova, Tzvetan Lukanov, and Literatura
Endometriální stromální nádory představují skupinu benigních, low grade maligních i high grade maligních nádorů. Benigní variantou je endometriální stromální uzel, pro který je typická absence angioinvaze a ohraničený expanzivní růst bez invaze do myometria, či její pouze ojedinělý výskyt nepřesahující 3 mm. Low grade maligní nádory představuje endometriální stromální sarkom (dříve označovaný jako low grade endometriální stromální sarkom), který je tvořen buňkami stejného charakteru jako endometriální stromální uzel, typickým a diagnostickým rysem je však infiltrativní růst a/nebo přítomnost angioinvaze. High grade sarkomy jsou podle současné WHO klasifikace nádorů ženského genitálu z roku 2003 označovány jako nediferencované endometriální sarkomy, jedná se však o heterogenní skupinu zahrnující monomorfní variantu (dříve označovanou jako high grade endometriální stromální sarkom) a pleomorfní variantu. V následujícím textu je probrána klasifikace endometriálních stromálních nádorů a jejich základní morfologické, imunohistochemické a genetické znaky., Endometrial stromal tumors represent a group of benign, low grade malignant and high grade malignant neoplasms. Benign tumors of this group are called endometrial stromal nodules. These tumors are characterized by expansile, noninfiltrative margins and an absence of angioinvasion. In rare occurrences, protrusions of the tumor up to 3 mm can be present. Low grade malignant tumors, called endometrial stromal sarcomas, consist of tumor cells similar to those of endometrial stromal nodules. However, diagnostically typical feature is the more extensive myoinvasion than is allowable in an endomterial stromal nodule and/or the presence of angioinvasion. High grade sarcomas are, according to the current WHO classification of tumors of female genital tract (2003), called undifferentiated endometrial sarcomas. This category includes the monomorphic type (formerly high grade endometrial stromal sarcoma) and the pleomorphic type. In this review we summarize the classification of endometrial stromal tumors including their basic morphological, immunohistochemical and genetic features., Pavel Dundr, and Lit.: 20