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52. Description of the larva of Rhipsideigma raffrayi (Coleoptera: Archostemata), with phylogenetic and functional implications
- Creator:
- Beutel, Rolf G. and Hörnschemeyer, Thomas
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Archostemata, Cupedidae, Rhipsideigma, larva, description, morphology, and phylogeny
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Larvae of Rhipsideigma raffrayi are described in detail and those of Distocupes varians are re-examined. Their morphological structures are evaluated with respect to their functional and phylogenetic significance. Larvae of Rhipsideigma are wood-borers with a straight body and a wedge-shaped head capsule. Most of their apomorphic features are correlated with their xylobiontic habits. The strong mandibles, the sclerotized ligula and the wedge-shaped head enable the larvae to penetrate rotting wood. The broadened prothorax, prosternal asperities, tergal ampullae, the short legs, and eversible lobes of segment IX play an important role in locomotion in galleries within rotting wood. Leg muscles are weakly developed, whereas the dorsal, pleural and ventral musculature is complex. The larval features allow Rhipsideigma to be placed in the clades Archostemata, Cupedidae + Micromalthidae, Cupedidae, Cupedidae excl. Priacma, and Cupedidae excl. Priacma and Distocupes. The monophyly of Cupedidae and Cupedidae, excluding Priacma, so far is only supported by apomorphies of the adults. However, the presence of glabrous patches on the prosternum and of a medially divided field of asperities may be larval apomorphies of the family. A clade, which comprises Rhipsideigma, Tenomerga and probably other genera of Cupedidae with hitherto unknown larvae, is well supported by larval apomorphies such as the broadened prothorax, the presence of coxal asperities and the presence of a distinct lateral longitudinal bulge. Increased numbers of antennomeres and labial palpomeres are apomorphies only found in larvae of Distocupes.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
53. Dictyterina cholodkowskii (Cestoda: Paruterinidae): morphology, synonymy and distribution
- Creator:
- Georgiev, B.B., Vasileva, G.P., and Genov, T.
- Format:
- Type:
- model:internalpart and TEXT
- Subject:
- Dictyterina cholodkowskii, Cestoda, Paruterinidae, morphology, geographical distribution, taxonomy, Lanius collurio, and Bulgaria
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Dictyterina cholodkowskii (Skrjabin, 1914) is recorded from iMnius collurio L. in Bulgaria (new geographical record). The species is redescribed and figured. A full list of synonyms is presented; it includes, among the other synonyms, Deltokeras delachauxi Hsii, 1935 (new synonym), Biulerina passerina of Oshmarin (1963) and Paruterina parallelipipeda of Paspalev and Paspaleva (1972). A survey of published records characterizes D. cholodkowskii as limited to the Palaearctic in six species of the genus Lanius (Aves, Passeriformes, Laniidae).
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
54. Dolerus asper Zaddach, 1859 and Dolerus brevicornis Zaddach, 1859 (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), with notes on their phylogeny
- Creator:
- Heidemaa, Mikk, Nuorteva, Matti, Hantula, Jarkko, and Saarma, Urmas
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae, sawfly, Dolerus asper, D. brevicornis, D. derzavini, D. gibbosus, D. harwoodi, taxonomy, neotype, morphology, phylogeny, phenology, molecular markers, and distribution
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Concordant differences in morphology, phenology and RAMS markers, as well as in sequenced mtDNA (COI, COII, cytb) and nuclear DNA (ITS2) fragments, indicate that Dolerus asper Zaddach, 1859 and Dolerus brevicornis Zaddach, 1859 are valid species. On the basis of morphology, molecular markers, and distributional records, both species are distinct from Dolerus gibbosus Hartig, 1837 (= Dolerus planatus Hartig, 1837). Taxonomy of the species is clarified and the neotypes of Dolerus asper Zaddach, 1859 and Dolerus brevicornis Zaddach, 1859 are designated. The synonymies of Dolerus asper Zaddach, 1859, to Dolerus planatus Hartig, 1837 and Dolerus derzavini Malaise, 1931, spec. rev. to D. asper Zaddach, 1859 are abandoned. Dolerus carbonarius Zaddach, 1859 and Dolerus fumosus Zaddach, 1859 are considered to be species inquirendae. Phylogenetic analyses of the ITS2 fragment and fragments of ITS2 + COI and ITS2 + COII yielded the topology [D. asper, (D. brevicornis, D. gibbosus)], while those of all other markers and their combinations resulted in the topology [D. brevicornis, (D. asper, D. gibbosus)]. In the latter hypothesis the clade asper + gibbosus is also supported by structural synapomorphies.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
55. Dorso-abdominal scent glands and metathoracic evaporatoria in adults of central European Rhopalidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), with a discussion of phylogeny and higher systematics
- Creator:
- Davidová-Vilímová, Jitka, Nejedlá, Markéta, and Schaefer, Carl W.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Scent glands, evaporatoria, development, morphology, phylogeny, classification, Heteroptera, and Rhopalidae
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The reservoirs of dorso-abdominal scent glands and the occurrence of the metapleural scent gland evaporatoria in the adults of nine central European and one North American species in the family Rhopalidae (Hemiptera) were studied. All published data about the persistence of the dorso-abdominal scent glands in rhopalid adults are reviewed, and systematic and phylogenetic implications are derived from the patterns of variation.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
56. DZ Interset
- Creator:
- Zeman, Daniel
- Publisher:
- Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics (UFAL)
- Type:
- toolService and tool
- Subject:
- morphology, NLP, and Perl
- Description:
- DZ Interset is a means of converting among various tag sets in natural language processing. The core idea is similar to interlingua-based machine translation. DZ Interset defines a set of features that are encoded by the various tag sets. The set of features should be as universal as possible. It does not need to encode everything that is encoded by any tag set but it should encode all information that people may want to access and/or port from one tag set to another. New tag sets are attached by writing a driver for them. Once the driver is ready, you can easily convert tags between the new set and any other set for which you also have a driver. This reusability is an obvious advantage over writing a targeted conversion procedure each time you need to convert between a particular pair of tag sets. and grant MSM 0021620838 of the Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic
- Rights:
- GNU General Public License, version 2, http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-2.0.html, and PUB
57. Eastern Arc Mountains in Tanzania: hic sunt Aenictopecheidae. The first genus and species of Afrotropical Aenictopecheidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Enicocephalomorpha)
- Creator:
- Pavel Štys and Baňař, Petr
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, zoologie, entomologie, Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Enicocephalomorpha, Aenictopecheidae, Ulugurocoris grebennikovi gen. n. et sp. n., taxonomy, morphology, distribution, epimeroid (new term), true bug, Afrotropical region, Tanzania, Eastern Arc Mountains, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- A new genus and species of Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Enicocephalomorpha: Aenictopecheidae: Aenictopecheinae, Ulugurocoris grebennikovi gen. et sp. n., based on micropterous females from Tanzania, Uluguru Mts, Budunki, is described and differentiated. The males are probably macropterous. Some general aspects of morphology of U. grebennikovi are discussed in a broader context, such as presence of cephalic trichobothria (suggested to be a groundplan character of Heteroptera), presence of “gular sulci” (suggested to have an ecdysial function), lack of cephalic neck (symplesiomorphy with other Hemiptera), presence of posterior lobe of pronotum associated with the epimeroid (a new term for so called “proepimeral lobe”), and presence of notopleural sulcus on the propleuron. Diagnostic characters of the Aenictopecheinae are summarized and distribution of their seven genera is reviewed. Ulugurocoris grebennikovi is the first representative of the basal family Aenictopecheidae in the Afrotropical Region. The type locality is situated in the Eastern Arc Mountains (Tanzania), a recently identified hotspot of Afrotropical diversity characterized by a high degree of endemism caused by high rates of speciation combined with low rates of extinction. A brief characterization of the area is provided., Pavel Štys, Petr Baňař., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
58. Euleptes gallica Müller (Squamata: Gekkota: Sphaerodactylidae) from the Lower Miocene of North-West Bohemia, Czech Republic
- Creator:
- Čerňanský, Andrej and Bauer, Aaron M.
- Type:
- article and TEXT
- Subject:
- morphology, lizards, Eggenburgian, and the Merkur-North locality
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Gekkotan lizards are widely distributed in tropical regions and extend into more northern regions in Asia and Europe. Unfortunately, gekkotans lack significant fossil record and many aspects of their evolutionary biology are still poorly understood. Our study provides the first information about occurrence of this group in the Czech Republic. The fossil material comes from the Lower Miocene sediments (MN 3) of the locality Merkur-North. All the gekkonid bones can be assigned to the family Sphaerodactylidae and represent a single taxon, Euleptes gallica. This taxon was previously known only from the French locality Montaigu (zone MN 2), and thus our study extends its stratigraphic and geographic range.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
59. Evolutionary origin of squamiform microsculpture on the forewing-holding devices (frenae) in Heteroptera
- Creator:
- Štys, Pavel
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Heteroptera, Enicocephalomorpha, Dipsocoromorpha, Schizopteridae, Rectilamina, morphology, microsculpture, frenae, microtrichia, and acanthae
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Frenae are forewing-holding ridges situated in the Heteroptera parallel to the lateral sides of mesoscutellum, and covered by a squamiform, overlapping, glabrous microsculpture. The situation found in Rectilamina sp. (Dipsocoromorpha: Schizopteridae: Hypselosomatinae) suggests that each single squamiform element is homologous to a strongly modified microtrichium, and that, at least in this case, there is no basic difference between microtrichium and acanthus.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
60. Feature-based tagger
- Creator:
- Hajič, Jan
- Publisher:
- Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics (UFAL)
- Type:
- toolService
- Subject:
- morphology and tagger
- Description:
- The Feature-based (exponential model) Tagger is a fast implementation of the Czech tagger developed at UFAL and described in the PDT 1.0 documentation (Czech Language Tagging page). In order to get the best possible results, the tagger requires preprocessing by a Czech morphological module with a very high coverage. This module covers a superset of the Czech "FM" morphology. Both the morphological module and the tagger are supplied as binary executables, together with all necessary precompiled Czech data. Input must be in the ISO Latin 2 (iso-8859-2) code and follow the csts.dtd definition, and output is produced in the same way (ISO Latin 2 code, csts.dtd). (As is the case with many of the tools provided with PDT 1.0, both executables also accept - and then produce - a "simplified SGML", which is not a real, valid SGML, but simply contains at least the tags for words, punctuation, and sentence breaks, one item per line.)
- Rights:
- PDT 2.0 License, https://lindat.mff.cuni.cz/repository/xmlui/page/license-pdt2, and ACA