Acolpenteron australe sp. n. (Dactylogyridae, Dactylogyrinae) is described from ureters and renal tubules of Percichthys trucha (Cuvier et Valenciennes) (Perciformes, Percichthyidae) from Andean Patagonian lakes. The new species has a haptor with 14 hooks, with shanks comprised of two subunits. It has overlapped intercaecal gonads, male copulatory organ as a sclerotized tube with one counterclockwise coil and a J-shaped accessory piece. It differs from the other species of Acolpenteron by having a non-forked accessory piece. This is the first monogenean species described from a percichthyid host in South America.
The article deals with a research of acoustic emission induced by electromagnetic field. Experiments were focused on measurement of acoustic emission (sound waves) as a mechanical response to the excitation current. Surface displacement was detected by laser interferometer and arising surface waves were then observed. Maximal measured amplitude of mechanical displacement driven by excitation current with amplitude 120 mA is about 8 nm. and Článek se zabývá výzkumem akustické emise generované pomocí elektromagnetického pole. V experimentech se měří velikost mechanické odezvy akustické emise (mechanických vln) na budicí proud z generátoru. Výchylka povrchu byla snímána laserovým interferometrem, byla registrována přítomná povrchová vlna. Maximální amplituda výchylky je 8 nm při amplitudě budicího proudu 120 mA.
Temporal patterns and frequency spectra of the songs and stridulatory files of 14 species of the genus of the phaneropterid bush-crickets Isophya from Eastern Europe, Altai and the Caucasus are given. The sound signals of the species studied can be separated into three main types: (1) those consisting of two syllables (Isophya gracilis, I. kalishevskii, I. schneideri, I. caspica, Isophya sp. 1); (2) one syllable and series of clicks (I. modesta rossica, I. stepposa, I. taurica, I. brunneri, I. doneciana, I. altaica); (3) single repeating syllables of uniform shape and duration (I. pienensis, Isophya sp. 2 and possibly I. stysi). The acoustic signals and behaviour of eastern European, Altai and Caucasian species are compared to those of several other European species of Isophya., Roustem Zhantiev, Olga Korsunovskaya, Alexander Benediktov., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The effect of Cavalheiro's pilocarpine model of epileptogenesis upon conditioned taste aversion (CTA), an important example of nondeclarative memory, was studied in adult Long Evans rats. Deterioration of CTA was studied during the silent period between pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE) and delayed spontaneous recurrent seizures. SE was elicited by i.p. injection of pilocarpine (320 mg/kg ) and interrupted after 2 hours by clonazepame (1 mg/kg i.p.). Peripheral cholinergic symptoms were suppressed by methylscopolamine (1 mg/kg i.p.), administered together with pilocarpine. CTA was formed against the salty taste of isotonic LiCl. In the experiment of CTA acquisition, the CTA was formed and tested during the silent period after SE. In the experiment of CTA retrieval, the CTA was acquired before SE and the retrieval itself was tested during the silent period. Retrieval of CTA acquired before SE was impaired more than the retrieval of CTA formed during the silent period. Our findings indicate that epileptic seizures can disrupt even non-declarative memory but that CTA formed by the damaged brain can use its better preserved parts for memory trace formation. Ketamine (50 mg/kg i.p.) applied 2 min after the onset of pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus protected memory deterioration., J. Šroubek, J. Hort, V. Komárek, M. Langmeier, G. Brožek., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Acrylamide (AA) is one of the most common toxins in foods. Its
effect on bone microstructure has not been investigated. The aim
of our study was to analyze the impact of acute exposure to AA on
femoral bone microstructure in mice. Adult animals were treated
perorally with 2 doses of AA (E1 group, 1 mg/kg b.w.) in a 24-h
period and with 3 doses of AA (E2 group, 1 mg/kg b.w.) in a 48-h
period. Mice exposed to AA had smaller sizes of primary osteon's
vascular canals. Secondary osteons were significantly smaller in
mice from E2 group; however their increased number (from 38 %
to 77 %) was identified in both E1 and E2 groups. In these groups,
a higher number of resorption lacunae (from 100 % to 122 %) was
also found. The values for bone volume, trabecular number were
increased and that for trabecular separation was decreased in mice
administered AA. Significantly higher value of bone surface was
observed in mice from E1 group whereas trabecular thickness was
increased in E2 group. The effect of AA on microstructure of
compact and trabecular bone tissues is different. In our study, one
dose of AA was used and acute effects of AA were investigated.
Therefore, further studies are needed to study mechanisms by
which AA acts on bone.