Chronic systemic inflammation is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The aim of our study was to investigate association of glucose metabolism and inflammatory markers in a group of patients with rheumatoid arthritis free of other metabolic risk factors. Twenty-two premenopausal RA females (11 patients on low-dose GC (<8.5 mg/day of prednisone or equivalent), 11 patients without glucocorticoid therapy) and 15 age- and BMImatched healthy females underwent the oral glucose tolerance test. The insulin sensitivity indices according Matsuda (ISIMAT) and Cederholm (ISICED) as well as HOMA2 %S were calculated. Cytokines, lipid profile, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) were measured in baseline blood samples. Despite elevated interleukin IL-6 and TNF alpha, glucose, insulin and C-peptide responses to oral glucose load as well as ISIMAT, ISICED, PAI-1 and NEFA were comparable in both RA groups and healthy controls. HOMA 2 %S correlated with disease activity. In conclusions, low-dose glucocorticoid treatment does not lead to glucose metabolism impairment in RA patients without other metabolic risk factors. Increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity is probably due to a direct effect of systemic inflammation on myocardium and/or blood vessels., A. Penesová, ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. In addition to the genetic, epigenetic and immunological components, various other factors, e.g. unhealthy dietary habits, play a role in the MS pathogenesis. Dietary intervention is a highly appealing approach, as it presents a simple and relatively low risk method to potentially improve outcomes in patients with brain disorders in order to achieve remission and improvement of clinical status, well-being and life expectancy of patients with MS. The importance of saturated fat intake restriction for the clinical status improvement of MS patients was pointed for the first time in 1950s. Recently, decreased risk of first clinical diagnosis of CNS demyelination associated with higher intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids particularly originating from fish was reported. Only few clinical trials have been performed to address the question of the role of dietary intervention, such is e.g. low saturated fat diet in MS treatment. This review summarizes current knowledge about the effect of different dietary approaches (diets low in saturated fat and dietary supplements such as fish oil, lipoic acid, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, seeds oils, high fiber diet, vitamin D, etc.) on neurological signs, patient’s well-being, physical and inflammatory status. So far the results are not conclusive, therefore much more research is needed to confirm and to understand the effectiveness of these dietary interventions in the long term and well defined studies., A. Penesová, Z. Dean, B. Kollár, A. Havranová, R. Imrich, M. Vlček, Ž. Rádiková., and Obsahuje bibliografii