Anemia frequently complicates chronic kidney disease (CKD). We investigated here the effect of adenine-induced CKD in rats on erythrocyte count (EC), hematocrit (PCV) and hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, as well as on the activity of L-γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and the concentrations of iron (Fe), transferrin (Tf), ferritin (F), total iron binding capacity (TIBC) / unsaturated iron binding capacity (UIBC) and hepcidin (Hp) in serum and erythropoietin (Epo) in renal tissue. Renal damage was assessed histopathologically, and also by measuring the serum concentrations of the uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate (IS), creatinine, and urea, and by creatinine clearance. We also assessed the influence of concomitant treatment with gum acacia (GA) on the above analytes. Adenine feeding induced CKD, accompanied by significant decreases (P<0.05) in EC, PCV, and Hb, and in the serum concentrations of Fe, Tf, TIBC, UIBC and Epo. It also increased Hp and F levels. GA significantly ameliorated these changes in rats with CKD. A general improvement in the renal status of rats with CKD after GA is shown due to its antiinflammatory and anti-oxidant actions, and reduction of the uremic toxin IS, which is known to suppress Epo production, and this may be a reason for its ameliorative actions on the indices of anemia studied., B. H. Ali, M. Al Za'Abi, A. Ramkumar, J. Yasin, A. Nemmar., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Anémie je nejčastějším příznakem myelodysplastického syndromu (MDS). Kromě substituční léčby je možné ovlivnit anémii MDS také erytropoézu stimulujícími proteiny (EPS) v monoterapii nebo v kombinaci s růstovým faktorem pro granulocytární řadu (G-CSF): monoterapie epoetinem alfa, resp. beta ve standardních dávkách (30 000–40 000 U/týden), ve vysokých dávkách (60 000–80 000 U/týden), monoterapie darbopoetinem (150–300 ug/týden), nebo v kombinaci s G-CSF (300–600 ug/týden). Při hodnocení erytroidních odpovědí podle kritérií Mezinárodní pracovní skupiny (IWGc) nebyl pozorován podstatný rozdíl v počtu odpovědí na monoterapii epoetinem alfa a darbopoetinem (57,6 % vs. 59,4 %), statisticky významný rozdíl je u obou skupin proti pacientům s podpůrnou péčí. Kombinace s G-CSF zvyšuje procento odpovědí zejména u pacientů s RARS (až na 70 %) a ovlivňuje délku přežití ve srovnání s pacienty bez léčby. Nejlepší odpověď na léčbu EPS (s nebo bez G-CSF) mají MDS pacienti s nízkým rizikem (IPSS nízké, střední 1, s nízkou hladinou endogenního EPO (< 500 IU/l) a malou nebo žádnou potřebou transfuzí (? 2 TU erytrocytů/měsíc))., Anaemia is the most common manifestation of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). In addition to replacement therapy, MDS-related anaemia can also be managed with erythropoiesis-stimulating proteins (ESPs) in monotherapy or in combination with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF): monotherapy with epoetin alpha or beta at standard doses (30,000–40,000 U per week), high doses (60,000–80,000 U per week), monotherapy with darbopoetin (150–300 mcg per week) or in combination with G-CSF (300–600 mcg per week). When erythroid response rates were evaluated using the International Working Group criteria (IWGc), no substantial difference was observed in the response rates to monotherapy with epoetin alpha and darbopoetin (57.6 % vs. 59.4 %); there was a statistically significant difference in both groups compared to patients with supportive care. The combination with G-CSF particularly increases the response rates in patients with RARS (up to 70 %) and affects the survival compared to untreated patients. The best response to ESP treatment (with or without G-CSF) was found in MDS patients with a low risk (low or medium IPSS score), a low level of endogenous EPO (< 500 IU/L) and little or no need for transfusions (? 2 TU erythrocytes/month)., Magda Šišková, and Lit.: 26
Leptin is a 16 kDa protein hormone involved in food intake, energy expenditure regulation and numerous other physiological processes. Recently, leptin has been demonstrated to stimulate hematopoietic stem cells in vitro. The aim of our study was to measure serum leptin and erythropoietin levels in patients with sideropenic (n =18) and pernicious anemia (n=7) before and during anemia treatment. Blood samples for the blood count, leptin and erythropoietin determinations were obtained by venepunction at the time of the diagnosis of anemia and after partial and complete anemia recovery. The relationships of serum leptin levels to erythropoietin levels and blood count parameters were also studied. No significant differences in serum leptin levels between the groups studied were found. The serum leptin levels in none of groups were modified by treatment of anemia (basal levels, the levels during treatment and after anemia recovery were 13.1±14.5 vs 12.8±15.6 vs 12.0±14.8 ng/ml in patients with sideropenic anemia and 7.8±8.5 vs 9.5±10.0 vs 8.9±6.6 ng/ml in patients with pernicious anemia). The erythropoietin levels were higher at the time of anemia in both groups and decreased significantly after partial or complete recovery. Serum leptin levels in both groups correlated positively with the body mass index. No significant relationships were found between serum leptin levels and erythropoietin values or various parameters of the peripheral blood count. We conclude that serum leptin levels in patients with sideropenic and pernicious anemia positively correlate with the body mass index but are not influenced by the treatment of anemia., M. Marková, M. Haluzík, J. Svobodová, M. Rosická, J. Nedvídková, T. Haas., and Obsahuje bibliografii