This text considers the early creative output of Ignác Cornova, in particular his lesserknown odes and his war poetry. It draws on contemporary research of the latter third of the 18th century focussing on the dynamic social change of the period, the transformation of the media, the emergence of a modern ‘public’, and changing perceptions of artistic as opposed to educational output. One of the difficulties of conceptualizing this period is the existence of two opposing trends – the older ‘Baroque’ tradition and the more ‘modern’ currents of the future national movement. Our text largely obviates this dichotomy by proposing a framework in which Cornova’s oeuvre is seen as evidence of an idiosyncratic cultural situation with its own features and markers. The aim of our study is to place Cornova’s early works within the literary context of his time – a context hard to appreciate today. We are not looking for the ‘future’ Cornova in those beginnings, nor the ‘embryos’ of his later development. Rather, we hope to rehabilitate the literary context in the Czech lands in the 1770s and 1780s as it veered between late Baroque odes, war reportage, and enlightenment patriotism. Alongside Cornova we consider now forgotten figures such as Vojtěch Koťara, Michael Denis, Johann Joseph Eberle and Václav Thám. The result is not a group biography, but rather a problem analysis of one segment of a period that defies unequivocal definition.
It is two hundred years since the first biographers of Ignaz Cornova – ex-Jesuit scholar, Prague university professor and member of the Royal Bohemian Society of Sciences – mentioned his articles written for periodicals, but to date these remain unstudied. They have been neither collected nor analysed; we do not even know how many periodicals he contributed to. In his research on the subject, the author has identified six periodicals in which Cornova published between 1793 and 1814 and found thirteen separate texts – a figure that is almost certain to rise. His analysis of these articles supplements and refines the conclusions reached by historians on the basis of Cornova’s writings in book form. He is presented as a historian of Bohemia (and beyond), a Czech patriot, a Catholic, and a loyal subject of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine who was committed to educating society as a whole, especially in the field of history, and maintaining social peace.
In the 1830s, thanks to the highest representatives of the land administration and the estate community, the first nursery schools were established in the Czech lands to offer day care to pre-school children, especially from working-class families. The article analyses the ways of representation of these institutions in public space using the example of nursery schools in Prague (Na Hrádku), Mladá Boleslav and Česká Lípa: the argumentation strategies in their establishment and subsequent evaluation of activities in the first years of their existence. Special attention is paid to the comparison of the nursery schools with the Czech and German languages of instruction and their legitimation motivated by charitable assistance or national agitation and differences in the content of the curriculum.
Drahomíra Stránská wuchs in einer Familie heran, die traditionnel an der Volkskultur und der Slawenschaft sehr interessiert war. Ihre Mutter war bedeutende Journalistin und Organisatorin, die sich af die gleichberechtigte Stellung der Frauen und der Verbesserung ihrer sozialen Verhältnisse konzentrierte, der früh verstorbene Vater war begabter Bildhauer.
Die Familie hatte enge Kontakte mit den Gründern der Olmützer volkskundlichen und musealen Bewegung - den Familien Wankel und Havelka, sowie mit den Bakešs und Absolons. Die Autorin des Referats konzentriert sich auf Schicksale der Familie Wankel, deren Stellung im mährischen Volksleben und Forschung betont werden muß - vor allem Jindřich Wankel, der als Arzt in Blansko tätig war, war eine bemerkenswerte Persönlichkeit. Mit seiner Tätigkeit ist die Arbeit des Olmützer Museumsvereins und das Herausgeben des ersten "Časopis Vlasteneckého musejního spolku v Olomouci" (Zeritschrift des Vaterländischen Museumsvereins in Olmütz) verbunden, die bis heute eine der wichtigsten Quellen für die ethnographische Forschung in Mähren blieb. Dem Text folgen noch der Stammbaum und Dokumente und Fotografien von Personen, die im Artikel erwähnt sind. and Článek zahrnuje seznam literatury a seznam vyobrazení. Nečíslováno (na str. [24a - 24l]) je následujících 10 obrázků s popisky + 2 stránky rodokmenu.
The aim of this paper is to describe 18th century "language criticism" (Sprachkritik) in the Bohemian Lands and underline its role within the process of establishing of the literary criticism. In the Habsburg monarchy, the language criticism can be traced back to the late 1740s; its origins are linked to the southern German sense of cultural (and thus linguistic), political and economical backwardness and to the efforts to catch up with the mostly protestant countries of Central and Northern Germany. The authors of this article examine not only reflections of used language and style in particular works, but also the position, prestige and function of various languages (German, Latin, Czech) themselves. The trends in language criticism and - in the narrower sense - language cultivation are examined with the use of both expert contributions to learned discussions and publicistic articles in critical journals aiming at a larger audience. In the whole process, several moments that meant a significant impulse for language criticism can be observed. The first one would be the appointment of Karl Heinrich Seibt as university professor of Schöne Wissenschaften (belles lettres), rhetoric, historia litteraria and ethics in 1763, followed by the efforts to establish a learned society, Josephine reforms and foundation of a chair of Czech language and literature at Prague university in 1791. Finally, the tightening of censorship from the second half of 1790s on had a considerable influence on criticism; its subject started to change and it began to focus on a different group of intended readers: while it used to try to educate potential future authors, afterwards it concentrated more and more on educating of the "common reader" and engaging him into critical reflections on belles lettres., Václav Petrbok a Ondřej Podavka., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy