The aim of this study is to explore the sources of attitude constraints regarding the role of government in the economy, and to find out whether the sources of these constraints are the same as in Western democracies. Use is made of Converse’s approach to conceptualize attitude constraint where an individual’s belief system is seen to be a configuration of attitudes and values characterized by a functional interdependence, or constraint. This constraint may be interpreted in terms of the probability of being able to predict one attitude having knowledge of another. In this study, there is a review of the sources of attitude constraint and related measurement issues. Using ISSP 2006 (Role of Government module) an analysis of attitudinal constraints is presented using two attitudinal scales. This research confirms that the sources of attitude constraint in the Czech Republic are similar to those observed in Western Europe and the USA. Specifically, class, education, and other social-demographic variables are shown to have very limited effects. Moreover, Converse’s contention that attitude constraints are strongly determined by political involvement, political knowledge, or party identification is also shown to be valid for Czech society., Lukáš Linek., 1 obrázek, 4 tabulky, Obsahuje bibliografii, and Anglické resumé
This study introduces the concept of political disaffection, its measurement and operationalisation. Theoretically, this article builds on a differentiation between four basic types of orientations towards a political regime and its institutions: legitimacy of the regime, institutional disaffection, individual disaffection, and political dissatisfaction. Political disaffection is composed of two dimensions: institutional disaffection refers to beliefs that political institutions are not responsive to the requirements of the people; and individual disaffection reflects citizens‘ perceptions that they are able and willing to participation in politics. Principal axis factoring, reliability analysis along with internal and external validity analysis are used to examine institutional and individual disaffection using the Czech waves within ISSP (1996, 2000, 2004 and 2006). The results indicate that items used for measuring institutional and individual disaffection do measure the two concepts of interest. Moreover, repeated measurement of political disaffection and the stability of the results obtained provide strong arguments for the usage of these measures in future surveys., Lukáš Linek., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
V knize hodnotí éru pětadvaceti let od pádu komunistického režimu v Československu čtyři přední politici: bývalý předseda československé a české vlády a český prezident Václav Klaus, bývalý předseda české vlády a předseda Senátu Petr Pithart, bývalý ministr spravedlnosti a současný předseda Ústavního soudu ČR Pavel Rychetský, bývalý předseda české vlády a současný prezident České republiky Miloš Zeman. Recenzent přibližuje a srovnává jejich názory na ústřední témata rozhovorů, jimiž jsou politická a ekonomická transformace, česko-slovenské a česko-německé vztahy, existence lustračního zákona, role soudní moci v demokracii, otázka eventuálního zákazu komunistické strany, takzvaná opoziční smlouva mezi Zemanovou sociálnědemokratickou stranou a Klausovou Občanskou demokratickou stranou a nakonec havlovská "nepolitická politika"., In the publication under review, tha past quarter of a century since the collapse of the Communist régime in Czechoslovakia is considered by four leading Czech politicians: former premier of Czechoslovakia, and later, Premier and then President of the Czech Republic, Václav Klaus, a former Premier of the Czech Republic and later Speaker of the Senate, Petr Pithart, a former Minister of Justice and current Chief Justice of the Constitutional Court of the Czech Republic, Pavel Rychetský, and a former Premier and current President of the Cezch Republic, Miloš Zeman. The reviewer discusses and compares their views of the central topics discussed in the interviews - the political and economic transformation, Czecho-Slovak and Czecho-German relations, the existence of the vetting law (lustrační zákon), the role of the courts in democracy, the question of the possible banning of the Communist Party, an so-called "opposition agreement" between Zeman´s Social Democratic Party and Klaus´s Civil Democratic Party, and, lastly, Václav Havel´s "nonpolitical politics"., [autor recenze] Vlastimil Hála., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy