The article deals with one type of subordinate clauses expressing causality, namely pronominal-particle clauses in the present Czech. The incorporation of these clauses into the head clause lies in the fact that they express broadly understood causal meanings of adverbial subordinate clauses using primary and secondary prepositions and multiple-word units together with the pronoun to, which anticipates the subordinate clause introduced by the connecting particles že, aby. Data from the Czech National Corpus concerning subordinate clauses of cause (reason), purpose, condition and concession are analysed from the point of view of the Czech language (grammar) system.
My aim is to assess an argument against final causation being an irreducible metaphysical category. The argument in question is based upon the supposition that for anything to count as a cause, it must exist at the very moment of executing its causal action, which requirement can supposedly never be met by anything rightly pretending to be called a final cause. I argue that this argument is far from conclusive as there seem to be ways of blocking it - namely through adopting either a version of the eternalist ontology of temporal dimensions, or else a version of the possibilist ontology, each combined with either a version of the "Humean" approach to analysis of causal relations, or else with a version of the realist approach to causation., Jan Palkoska., and Obsahuje poznámky a bibliografii