A new species, Colchicum asteranthum Vassil. et K. Perss. (Colchicaceae), endemic to the Peloponnese in Greece, is described. It is a small winter-flowering plant with synanthous leaves and soboliferous corms, the latter a rare feature in the genus. The species has no obvious relations, but it shows some affinity to the S Turkish endemic C. minutum K. Perss.