Microtus tatricus occurs in the Carpathian Mountains of Slovakia, Poland, Ukraine and Romania – a list of current distribution records is given. The species’ distribution range is insular on the scale of its entire distribution and fragmented within each mountain range inhabited. The overall altitudinal range is 650–2350 m a.s.l., with the largest number of collecting sites situated between 1100–1700 m a.s.l. The total range size of M. tatricus was estimated as 840 km2 and the total population size at between 200,000–250,000 individuals. A possible reduction in the species’ distribution range is discussed.