The objective of this study was to use nondestructive measurements as the precise irrigation indices for potted star cluster (Pentas lanceolata). Drought stress was imposed on plants for 0, 3, 5, 7, 12, and 16 d by withholding water. Measurements were conducted on the third leaf counted from the apex (upper leaves) and on the third leaf from the bottom (lower leaves). Within the range of soil water content (SWC) from 10 to 45%, leaf water potential (WP), SWC, and soil matric potential (SMP), chlorophyll fluorescence, photochemical reflectance index (PRI), adjusted normalized difference vegetation index (aNDVI), and the reflectance (R) at 1950 nm (R1950) were measured. The plants reached the temporary wilting point at -3.87 MPa of leaf WP; the maximal fluorescence yield of the light-adapted state (Fm′) ratio of upper-to-lower leaves was 1.7. When the Fm′ ratio was 1.3, it corresponded to lower-leaf WP < -2.27 MPa, SWC < 21%, SMP < -20 kPa, PRI < 0.0443, aNDVI < 0.0301, and R1950 > 8.904; it was the time to irrigate. In conclusion, the Fm′ ratio of upper-to-lower leaves was shown to be a nondestructive predictor of leaf WP and can be used to estimate irrigation timing., C. W. Wu, M. C. Lee, Y. L. Peng, T. Y. Chou, K. H. Lin, Y. S. Chang., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
In greening mustard cotyledons, both photosystems (PS) 1 and 2 were significantly promoted by addition of gibberelic acid (GA) at low concentrations, i.e. upto 10 μΜ, while at higher concentrations no significant changes were recorded. PS2 activity in kinetin (KN) treated seedlings was promoted at concentrations upto 5 μΜ KN, while it showed a slight inhibition at higher concentrations. No significant change in PS1 activity was observed when compared to controls. Other particular photosynthetic electron transport reactions were also increased by GA and KN. KN03 showed concentration-dependent effects on photosynthetic electron transport reactions.
The aim of this study was to determine the impact of increased copper contents on selected physiological processes in oneyear-old Pinus sylvestris L. needles from a former German timber storage area in Warcino Forest District, a subject to an environmental quality survey. Samples were collected from the area with the high copper content in the soil. The control area was a nearby pine tree stand showing unimpeded growth. The significant growth inhibition was found in dwarf shoots and whole needles, increased water content, and reduced dry mass were also observed. The chlorophyll content was lowered, while 20% higher electrolyte leakage was found. Chlorophyll a fluorescence indicated only higher values of the nonphotochemical quenching in P. sylvestris from the Cu-site. Significant differences were shown in the rate of gas exchange measured by changes in carbon dioxide or oxygen concentration. The intensity of photosynthesis in needles of P. sylvestris from the Cu-site measured by CO2 uptake was considerably higher than that of oxygen production. The rate of respiration in the needles from the Cu-site measured by the amount of released CO2 was higher only by 15%, while according to O2 consumed, the rate increased by 30% in relation to the control. Our results suggest that the copper accumulation in P. sylvestris needles affected the morphology and physiology of the studied organs., K. Możdżeń, T. Wanic, G. Rut, T. Łaciak, A. Rzepka., and Obsahuje bibliografii