There are four kinds of scalars in the n-dimensional pseudo-Euclidean geometry of index one. In this note, we determine all scalars as concomitants of a system of m ≤ n linearly independent contravariant vectors of two so far missing types. The problem is resolved by finding the general solution of the functional equation F(Au 1 , Au 2 , . . . , Au m ) = ϕ (A) · F(u 1 , u 2 , . . . , u m ) using two homomorphisms ϕ from a group G into the group of real numbers R0 = (R \ {0} , ·).
This note contains a simple example which does clearly indicate the differences in the Henstock-Kurzweil, McShane and strong McShane integrals for Banach space valued functions.
From accelerometer total density data collected during the last minimum of the solar cycle, density scale heights have been extensively computed. Effects of waves dissipation are evidenced on this data set which reflects temperature behaviour. It appears that tides of high orders (or planetary waves) are quite significant and variable.