In the present paper two pairs of terms and notions are discussed as for their benefit to syntactic studies. The notions of coordination and subordination with their counterparts the parataxis and hypotaxis are studied in relation to the domain of the linguistic meaning and to the domain of language form, respectively. The asymmetry between them is studied on selected data of Czech. Czech constructions classified in Czech syntactic handbooks as hypotactical forms of coordination are analyzed. In the syntactic structure of Otec s matkou odjeli do lázní [Father with mother went to the spa] the possible plural agreement of the predicate demonstrates a hypotactical patterning of the coordination between father and mother. The “false” subordinated clauses are presented as the other example of the hypotactic coordination. On the other side, the nominal constructions introduced by the expressions místo [instead of], and the ambiguous expression kromě [beside/with exception] are excluded from the domain of asymmetry and the proposal to classify them as specific types of adverbials (a substitution, an addition, and an exception) is formulated.
Count Joseph of Auersperg (1767-1829) was a lawyer, the president of the Bohemian Land Court and a member of the Prague Masonic lodge "At the Truth and Unity at the three Crowned Pillars" (Zur Wahrheit und Einigkeit zu den drei gekrönten Säulen). After the so called Jacobin trials (1794-1795) the Masonry was forbidden in the Habsburg monarchy and the Masonic lodges stopped their activities in order to avoid the state persecution. Despite the official proscription of Masonic lodges count Auersperg attempted to renew this lodge. Auersperg made use of the atmosphere of the illusive political thaw after the defeat of the Austrian army in 1809. He managed to succeed in his efforts until 1812 when the Austrian police traced this activity on the grounds of opening and controlling his correspondence. The count was then punished by transfer to Brno to serve there as the president of the Appellate Court in Moravia. In Brno he entered the environment influenced by local masons who after the dissolution of their lodge channelled their activities to philanthropy, culture and organization of science. They initiated a plan to found the Moravian museum in Brno after the example of Joanneum in Graz in Styria. In the person of Auersperg these men found an ardent supporter of this idea. Auersperg participated in presenting the programme of the new museum to the MoravianSilesian Gubernium. The plan was approved by the authorities and Auersperg thus became one of the founders of this prominent institution. The harassment he suffered from the police regime and his overall case are illustrative of the methods used by the Austrian state against its real as well as supposed opponents. In his private correspondence with friends Auersperg made critical remarks about the situation at the Land Court in Prague, which was also revealed by the police and reported to the emperor. Moreover, the contacts Auers, Dušan Uhlíř., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
In this paper, we offer a new stability concept, practical Ulam-Hyers-Rassias stability, for nonlinear equations in Banach spaces, which consists in a restriction of Ulam-Hyers-Rassias stability to bounded subsets. We derive some interesting sufficient conditions on practical Ulam-Hyers-Rassias stability from a nonlinear functional analysis point of view. Our method is based on solving nonlinear equations via homotopy method together with Bihari inequality result. Then we consider nonlinear equations with surjective asymptotics at infinity. Moore-Penrose inverses are used for equations defined on Hilbert spaces. Specific practical Ulam-Hyers-Rassias results are derived for finite-dimensional equations. Finally, two examples illustrate our theoretical results.
In morphological and biochemical studies we demonstrated that the development of eight-day old dark-grown beán seedlings was drastically influenced by prolonged irradiation with far red (FR) irradiation. The synthetic processes associated with leaf expansion were fiilly active, but the accumulation of chJorophyll (Chl) was very slow and the development of the photosynthetic apparatus was much prolonged. The capacity for oxygen evolution and photophosphorylation began at about the 2''‘* day. Low temperature spectroscopy showed the accumulation of three Chl a forms with absorption maxima at 670, 677 and 683 nm from the veiy beginning of the greening process and the appearance of two longer wavelength forms (with maxima at 690 and 698 nm) at the onset of photosynthetic activity. Electron microscopy showed unfiised stacks of primary thylakoids without grana formation. When the FR treated seedlings were subsequently placed in "white light", grana differentiated from these primary thylakoids.