A total of 22 specimens of whiting Merlangius merlangus (L.) (Teleostei, Gadidae) from the northern Øresund, Denmark were examined for Myxosporea. Zschokkella hildae Auerbach, 1910 (Myxidiidae), Gadimyxa sp. (Parvicapsulidae) and a species of Bipteria occurred in the renal tubules of 9%, 18% and 68% whiting, respectively. Immature spores of the Bipteria species are very similar to spores of Myxoproteus formosus Kovaleva et Gaevskaya, 1979 originally described from the urinary system of whiting from the Celtic Sea. We therefore consider Bipteria sp. from whiting in Denmark conspecific with M. formosus and propose Bipteria formosa (Kovaleva et Gaevskaya, 1979) comb. n. The spore of Bipteria formosa is described in detail and compared with other Bipteria spp. The phylogenetic position of B. formosa, based on partial 18S rDNA sequences, is closest to Leptotheca fugu Tun, Yokoyama, Ogawa et Wakabayashi, 2000 and the Sphaerosporidae.
The Moon is our nearest celestial body, small variations of its motion are easy to observe. Ptolemy described the ecliptic longitude inequality in lunar motion, now known as the evection. From Ptolemy to the time of Newton the motion of the Moon was determined using kinematic models. The first qualitative dynamic model was published in Principia, where Newton showed that evection is a periodic inequality caused by the attraction of the Sun., Vladimír Štefl., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Covid-19 or SARS-CoV-2, a new RNA virus with high infectivity, and seemingly low mutability, which appeared in 2019 in the Wuhan province of China, has created a pandemic with dire consequences. At the end of May 2020, it became the first cause of mortality. As no treatment or vaccine may become available before many months, and because occurrence of similar pandemics is only a matter of time, arguments are presented here for testing the effect of transfer factor (TF), an immunomodulator devoid of toxicity, which has been extensively studied in the past for the treatment and prevention of viral infections.