In 2012, rescue excavations were carried out in front of the front facade of the Church of Our Lady of the Snows in Denisova Street in Olomouc. The original Middle- and Late-Hillfort terrain was removed. Layers containing pottery dated mainly to the 10th century also turned up fragments of mortar, plaster, bricks and roofing, which indicates the presence of an Early Medieval church in close proximity. “Monk-and-nun” roof tiles of antique type probably come from an older Roman construction. Early Medieval occupation layers adjoined a ditch, a remain of the fortification between Předhradí and the town, which was established as early as Early Middle Ages and was used till the 14th century. Another remain of the original fortification of Předhradí is the find of stone romanesque masonry with north-south orientation. The excavations also uncovered remains of stone constructions of an original Minorite church.
Červenková, Alžběta
Dytrych, Jaroslav
Galuška, Luděk
Hájek, Zdeněk
Halama, Jakub
Koubková, Hana
Kovář, Josef Jan
Kuča, Martin
Langer, Jakub
Moravec, Zbyněk
Rybářová, Klára
Sedláčková, Lenka
Tajer, Arkadiusz
Vágner, Michal
Valášková, Lucie
Between 2014 and 2015, a rescue excavation was carried out in the course of evaporative drying of the masonry of St. Procopius Church in Loštice. It complemented the knowledge acquired by a construction-history investigation in 1993, concerning above all the Romanic phase of the edifice. The extent and aspect of the church were also made clearer by geophysical research conducted here in 2018. The original church was elongated, flat-roofed, single-nave building closed by semi-circle apse. Its founder was Petr from Loštice in the first quarter of the 13th century, the son of castle manager and cupbearer Bohuta from Bílina. Petr had his manor, possibly a court later substituted by medieval stronghold, built in Loštice close to the church.
Between 1997 and 2017, an extensive collection of approximately 3,500 leather fragments from the second half of the 13th to the 15th century was obtained from archaeological rescue excavations carried out in the historic core of Litovel. Most of the finds come from public areas of the town. Only a few dozen artefacts have been determined in terms of their original function. All the remaining finds can be classified as primary to secondary waste, among which manufacturing waste was often present, indicating the nearby presence of a craft workshop. In the case of Litovel, this has been demonstrated at two sites, and hypothetically at three others. These are specifically shoemaker or cobbler workshops. The leather artefact assemblage from Litovel contains typical representatives of material culture from the High and Late Middle Ages, most often in the form of shoes (high and low cuts, children’s sizes), clothing accessories (belts), equipment (scabbards) and items rarely found elsewhere including unique objects such as a case for wax writing tablets and a face mask.
Příspěvek se zabývá rozsáhlým souborem botanických ekofaktů získaným v letech 1985–1987 v raně středověké lokalitě Olomouc-Povel (Zikova ulice). Sídliště bylo prozkoumáno v 80. letech a vzhledem k výjimečnosti situace bylo interpretováno jako předvelkomoravské správní a mocenské centrum. Součástí exkavace byl i sběr rostlinných ekofaktů a vzorkování zkoumaných sedimentů za účelem získání rostlinných zbytků plavením. Vzorkování bylo prováděno s cílem charakterizovat přírodní prostředí a základní rysy ekonomiky sídelní aglomerace. Trvale zvodnělé sedimenty umožnily získat, kromě běžně nalézaných zuhelnatělých rostlinných zbytků (uhlíky, zuhelnatělé makrozbytky rostlin), velké množství nezuhelnatělých rostlinných makrozbytků (semen, plodů, nezuhelnatělého dřeva), včetně unikátně dochovaného souboru listových čepelí. K zajímavým paleoekologickým zjištěním patří např. nízký vliv raně středověkého osídlení na lesní vegetaci a mezofilní charakter lesních porostů v nivě Povelky a Moravy, důraz na pěstování prosa a vysoký podíl žita mezi pěstovanými obilninami. and This contribution deals with an extensive collection of botanical ecofacts obtained in the years 1985–1987 at the early mediaeval site Olomouc-Povel (Zikova street). The settlement was surveyed in the 1980s, and due to the uniqueness of the situation it was interpreted as a pre-Great Moravian administrative and power centre. The excavation also included the collection of plant ecofacts and the sampling of sediments under study with the purpose of obtaining plant remains by flotation. The sampling was carried out with the aim to characterize the natural environment and basic attributes of the economy of the settlement agglomeration. Continuously waterlogged sediments made it possible to obtain, besides commonly encountered charred plant remains (charcoal pieces, charred plant macroremains), also a large amount of uncharred plant macroremains (seeds, fruits, uncharred wood), including a uniquely preserved set of leaf blades. Notable palaeoecological findings include, for example, a low influence of early mediaeval settlement on woodland vegetation and a mesophilous character of woodland stands in the basins of the rivers Povelka and Morava, an emphasis on the cultivation of proso millet, and a high proportion of rye among cultivated grain crops.