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Start Over Creator Béthoux, Olivier

1. Alteration of sex-related developmental modules: A case of "feminized" male wing morphology in Creobroter gemmatus (Mantodea: Hymenopodidae)

Creator:
Béthoux, Olivier
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Homology, modular organization, mixed gynandromorphism, feminization, evolution, and Hymenopodidae
Language:
English
Description:
A particular case of the alteration of the organization of a developmental module is presented, viz. mixed gynandromorphism in Creobroter gemmatus, in which a male exhibits the usual fore- and hind wing venation and shape of its sex, but patterns of coloration typical of females. Homologies between corresponding areas of the fore- and hind wings are suggested. "Feminization" is defined as the occurrence of traits typical of the female phenotype in a male, and is suggested as a plausible way in which insect wing morphology may be transformed.
Rights:
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2. New stem-Phasmatodea from the Middle Jurassic of China

Creator:
Shang, Liangjie, Béthoux, Olivier, and Ren, Dong
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Adjacivena rasnitsyni gen. n., sp. n., Phasmatodea, Susumaniidae, Heteropteryx dilatata, China, Daohugou, intra-specific variability, sexual dimorphism, fossil, and Middle Jurassic
Language:
English
Description:
Adjacivena rasnitsyni gen. n., sp. n., from the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation (Daohugou Village, Inner Mongolia, China), is described based on a set of well-preserved specimens, interpreted as two females and a male of the same species. The new taxon is assigned to the family Susumaniidae, i.e. is a candidate stem-Phasmatodea. This ordinal assignment is supported by genital elements, chiefly a putative operculum concealing the ovipositor observed in one female specimen and a putative extension of the 10th tergum with a thorn pad in the male specimen. Variation in the venation of the forewing is appreciated based on more or less complete pairs of wings and a comparison with that in the forewings of male Heteropteryx dilatata (Parkinson, 1798). This material offers new perspectives on the primary homologies of the hind wing venation of stick-insects.
Rights:
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3. Tackling the "Protoblattoidea problem": Revision of Protoblattinopsis stubblefieldi (Dictyoptera; Late Carboniferous)

Creator:
Béthoux, Olivier, Klass, Klaus-Dieter, and Schneider, Jörg W.
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Dictyoptera, Fossil, forewing venation, Late Carboniferous, Protoblattinopsis, Polyphaga, arculus, and phylogeny
Language:
English
Description:
The forewing morphology of the fossil species †Protoblattinopsis stubblefieldi Laurentiaux, 1953 (Dictyoptera; Late Carboniferous) is re-investigated. Unlike previously stated, in this species, the stems of R and M are distinct and CuA has branches. The occurrence of the putative plesiomorphies "long ScP" and "differentiated R sectors" (i.e., RA and RP) in †P. stubblefieldi indicates a position basal to all extant Dictyoptera and many members of its paraphyletic stem. Unlike representatives of the families †Archimylacridae and †Blattinopsidae, but similar to Blattodea s. str., †P. stubblefieldi lacks a M-CuA arculus. The comparison of the branching pattern of the median system in †P. stubblefieldi and †Archimylacridae suggests that the arculus of the latter is composed of posterior branches of M. It is noted that the distal location of the point of origin of CuA and CuP, the sigmoid course of the anterior stem of CuA, the strong curvature of CuP, and the occurrence of a short fusion between R/RP and the anterior branch of M are similarities with the representatives of the genus Polyphaga Brullé, 1835, belonging to Dictyoptera s. str. However, these similar character states are unlikely to be homologous in these taxa, mainly because the hypothesis that Polyphaga is the sister group of the remaining Dictyoptera s. str. (or even Blattodea s. str.) is not strongly supported. Owing to its character state combination, the species †P. stubblefieldi is unique within the "Protoblattoidea waste-basket". Comprehensive studies of wing morphology in stem-Dictyoptera are needed to clarify whether it might be closely related to the lineage from which Dictyoptera s. str. evolved.
Rights:
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4. The Permostridulidae fam. n. (Panorthoptera), a new enigmatic insect family from the Upper Permian of France

Creator:
Béthoux, Olivier, Nel, André, Lapeyrie, Jean, and Gand, Georges
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Insecta, Neoptera, Panorthoptera, Permostridulidae fam. n., Permostridulus brongniarti gen. n. & sp. n., Upper Permian, France, and stridulatory apparatus
Language:
English
Description:
The unusual wing characters of the Permian insect Permostridulus brongniarti gen. n., sp. n. justifies the creation of a new family, the Permostridulidae fam. n., within the Panorthoptera. Phylogenetic relationships with the extinct order Caloneurodea, related to the Orthoptera (crickets, grasshoppers), are assumed. This assumption suggests an occurrence of the Permostridulidae at least since the Upper Carboniferous. The most prominent feature of the wing venation is a stridulatory apparatus, nonhomologous with those previously known in "panorthopterid" lineages. This is the oldest recorded sound-producing device of an animal.
Rights:
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