The gold standard material in bypass surgery of blood vessels remains the patient’s own artery or vein. However, this material may be unavailable, or may suffer vein graft disease. Currently available vascular prostheses, namely polyethylene terephthalate (PET, Dacron) and expanded poly tetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE), perform well as large-caliber replacements, but their long-term patency is discouraging in small-caliber applications (<6 mm), such as in coronary, crural or microvessel surgery. This failure is mainly a result of an unfavorable healing process with surface thrombogenicity, due to lack of endothelial cells and anastomotic intimal hyperplasia caused by hemodynamic disturbances. An ideal small-diameter vascular graft has become a major focus of research. Novel biomaterials have been manufactured, and tissue-biomaterial interactions have been optimized. Tissue engineering technology has proven that the concept of partially or totally living blood vessels is feasible. The purpose of this review is to outline the vascular graft materials that are currently being implanted, taking into account cell-biomaterial physiology, tissue engineering approaches and the collective achievements of the authors., J. Chlupáč, E. Filová, L. Bačáková., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
E. Filová, M. Rampichová, M. Handl, A. Lytvynets, R. Halouzka, D. Usvald, J. Hlučilová, R. Procházka, M. Dezortová, E. Rolencová, E. Košťáková, T. Trč, E. Šťastný, L. Koláčná, M. Hájek, J. Motlík, E. Amler. and Obsahuje bibliografii
Micropatterned surfaces have been used as a tool for controlling the extent and strength of cell adhesion, the direction of cell growth and the spatial distribution of cells. In this study, chemically micropattern ed surfaces were prepared by successive plasma polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) and 1,7-octadiene (OD) through a mask. Rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC), bovine endothelial cells (EC), porcine mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) or human skeletal muscle cells (HSKMC) were seeded on these surfaces in densities from 9,320 cells/cm2 to 31,060 cells/cm2. All cell types adhered and grew preferentially on the strip-like AA domains. Between day 1 and 7 after seeding, the percentage of cells on AA domains ranged from 84.5 to 63.3 % for VSMC, 85.3 to 73.5 % for E, 98.0 to 90.0 % for MSC, and 93.6 to 55.0 % for HSKMC. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) revealed that the concentration of alpha-actin per mg of protein was significantly higher in VSMC on AA. Similarly, immunofluorescence staining of von Willebrand factor showed more apparent Weibel-Palade bodies in EC on AA domains. MSC growing on AA had better developed beta-actin cytoskeleton, although they were less stained for hyaluronan receptor (CD44). In accordance with this, MSC on AA contained a higher concentration of beta-actin, although the concentration of CD44 was lower. HSKMC growing on AA had a better developed alpha-actin cytoskeleton. These results based on four cell types suggest that plasma polymerization is a suitable method for producing spatially defined patterned surfaces for controlled cell adhesion, proliferation and maturation., E. Filová ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury