First part is dedicated to the position of factory workers from gender perspective, on the basis of analyses of statistical investigation realized on the territory of Austria. The results are compared with other countries, expecially Germany,. The second part explains, in the first place on the basis of worker's periodicals, memoirs and documents from conventions, the attitude of workers and social democrats to the women's work in and the opinions on its resolving., Jana Englová., and Obsahuje bibliografii