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2. Changes in the Number of Nitrergic Neurons Following Kainic Acid Administration and Repeated Long-term Hypoxia
- Creator:
- Benešová, P., Langmeier, M., Betka, J., and Trojan, S.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Kainic Acid, Nitric Oxide, Hypoxia, Hyppocampus, and Primaryx auditory cortex
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Using histochemical analysis (NADPH-diaphorase) we have been investigating the influence of intraperitoneal administration of kainic acid (KA), hypoxia and combination of both these factors on neurons of the hippocampus and on the primary auditory cortex (PAC) in male rats of the Wistar strain. Kainic acid was administered to 18-day-old animals, which were exposed to long-lasting repeated hypoxia from the 2nd till the 17th day of age in a hypobaric chamber (for 8 h a day). At the age of 22 or 90 days, the animals were transcardially perfused with 4 % paraformaldehyde under deep thiopental anesthesia. Cryostate sections were stained to identify NADPH-diaphorase positive neurons that were then quantified in the hippocampus, in the dentate gyrus and in the PAC. In 22-day-old animals both hypoxia and KA increased the number of NADPH-diaphorase positive neurons in the hilus, CA1, CA3 areas of the hippocampus and in the PAC. On the contrary, KA given to hypoxic animals lowered the number of NADPH-diaphorase positive neurons in the dentate gyrus. In 90-day-old animals, hypoxia and KA given to both normoxic and hypoxic animals lowered the number of NADPH-diaphorase positive neurons in some areas of the central nervous system.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
3. Long-lasting Changes in the Density of Nitrergic Neurons Following Kainic Acid Administration and Chronic Hypoxia
- Creator:
- Benešová, P., Langmeier, M., Betka, J., and Trojan, S.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Hypoxia, Kainic acid, Nitric oxide, Hippocampus, and Primary auditory cortex
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Using histochemical analysis (NADPH-diaphorase) we have investigated the influence of intraperitoneal administration of kainic acid (KA), hypoxia and combination of both these factors on neurons of the hippocampus and on the primary auditory cortex (PAC) in male rats of the Wistar strain. Kainic acid was administered to 18-day-old animals, which were exposed to long-lasting repeated hypoxia from the 2nd till the 17th day of age in a hypobaric chamber (for 8 hours a day). At the age of 1 year, the animals were transcardially perfused with 4 % paraformaldehyde under deep thiopental anesthesia. Cryostate sections were stained to identify NADP H-diaphorase positive neurons that were then quantified in CA1 and CA3 areas of the hippocampus, in the dentate gyrus and in the PAC. Both, hypoxia and KA lowered the number of NADPH-diaphorase positive neurons in the hilus, dorsal and ventral blades of the dentate gyrus, CA1 and CA3 areas of the hippocampus. On the contrary, KA given to the hypoxic animals increased the number of NADPH-diaphorase positive neurons in the dorsal blade of the dentate gyrus and PAC.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
4. Morphological shanges of the presynaptic and postsynaptic element in excitatory synapses during kindling
- Creator:
- Hovorka, J., Langmeier, M., and Mareš, P.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- kindling, hippocampus, synapse, postsynaptic element, and presynaptic bag
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- In a previous study of a kindling model using stimulation of the entorhinal cortex we found a redistribution of synaptic vesicles into the close vicinity of the active zone of synapses of Type I (Gray 1959) in the hippocampal gyrus dentatus. In this paper, ultrastructural studies of the same model are being continued using planimetry of the synaptic apparatus. A significant increase of the postsynaptic apparatus, area enlargement by 53 %, increase of the perimeter by 28 % and shape irregularity are being reported. No changes in shape or in size have been demonstrated in presynaptic structures or in the morphology of presynaptic mitochondria. These findings are discussed in relation to increased functional readiness of the synapses as signs of active reconstruction of the synaptic apparatus.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public